Post-text assignments:

Exercise 6. Find corresponding equivalents

a single bronchiole oral cavity & nasal cavity a hollow space within the nose and skull external opening a short section of the airway to be lined with hairs and mucus membrane to range from … to… to extend from … to… to remove carbon dioxide to be surrounded by blood capillaries

коротка ділянка повітряних шляхів простягатися з … до … виводити вуглекислий газ бути оточеним кров’яними капілярами варіюватися від … до … ротова та носова порожнини бути покритим волосками та слизовою оболонкою одна бронхіола порожнина в носі та черепі зовнішній отвір

Exercise 7. Match the terms with their definitions

oral cavity trachea larynx bronchus alveolus lung pleura

a) either of the two main branches of the trachea that lead to the lungs, where they divide into smaller branches; b) a membrane that encloses each lung and lines the chest cavity; c) either of the two saclike respiratory organs in the thorax of humans and the higher vertebrates; d) a tube that connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air; e) the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge; f) any of the tiny air-filled sacs arranged in clusters in the lungs, in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place; g) a muscular and cartilaginous structure lined with mucous membrane at the upper part of the trachea in humans, in which the vocal cords are located;

Exercise 8. Answer the questions

1. What is the respiratory system responsible for?

2. What are the main parts of the respiratory system?

3. What is the nose covered with?

4. What are pharynx and larynx?

5. Which bronchus is larger and why?

6. How many alveoli are there in the lungs?

7. What are the lungs? What is their vital capacity?

8. What are the common diseases of the respiratory tract

Exercise 9. Fill in prepositions from the box below where necessary

1. Respiration is a process which provides body _____ oxygen for growth and other metabolic activities and removes waste products in the form _____ carbon dioxide.

2. The lungs are the main organs involved _____ the respiration process.

3. Air passes ____ the lungs ____ the nostrils and the air flows down the trachea _____ the lungs.

4. The lungs have alveoli which are small air sacs filled _____ tiny capillaries.

5. The respiration process is carried _____ in two ways in living organisms: aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

6. Some _____ the common diseases related _____ respiration are common cold, tonsillitis and laryngitis.

7. Asthma and pneumonia are diseases associated ____ respiration along with lung cancer.

With (3); into (2); in; of (2); through; to; out;

Exercise 10. Fill in the gaps with the words and word-combinations from the box: