- •1. My future profession моя майбутня спеціальність
- •My future profession
- •2. Odessa state medical university одеський державний медичний університет
- •Odessa state medical university
- •3. Nikolay ivanovich pirogov микола іванович пирогов
- •Nikolay ivanovich pirogov
- •From theory to surgery
- •4. Human body будова тіла людини
- •Human body
- •5. The oral cavity ротова порожнина
- •The oral cavity
- •Some facts from the history of medicine and dentistry
- •Anatomy of a tooth анатомія зуба
- •Anatomy of a tooth
- •Supporting Structures
- •Anatomy of individual teeth
- •7. Sets of teeth набір зубів
- •Sets of teeth
- •The number and surfaces of the teeth кількість та поверхні зубів
- •The number of the teeth The Deciduous Teeth
- •The Permanent Teeth
- •Surfaces of the teeth
- •9. Dental formulas. Tooth roots зубна формула. Корні зубів
- •Dental formulas
- •Tooth roots
- •Tooth roots
- •10. Oral hygiene гігієна ротової порожнини
- •Oral hygiene and the prevention of dental disease
- •Tooth brushing and plaque removal
- •11. Caries. Causes of caries карієс. Причини карієсу
- •Caries. Causes of caries
- •12. Pulp diseases хвороби пульпи
- •Pulp diseases
- •13. Periodontal diseases хвороби періодонта
- •Periodontal diseases
- •(Down, by, to, of, at, in, on, with)
- •14. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis лікування виразкового гінгівіту
- •Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
- •(Down, after, off, for, by, to, from, of, at, in, on, with, before)
- •15. The examination of the oral cavity огляд ротової поожнини
- •The examination of the oral cavity
- •Examination of the teeth
- •16. Case his tories історія хвороби. Стоматологічний аналіз
- •Case history
- •Case history
- •17. Dental radiography стоматологічна рентгенологія
- •Dental radiography
- •18. Dental anesthesia стоматологічна анестезія
- •Dental anesthesia
- •19. Analgetics in dentistry анальгетики у стоматологічній практиці
- •Analgetics in dentistry
- •20. Dental instruments стоматологічне обладнання
- •Dental instruments
- •21. At a chemist’s в аптеці
- •At the chemist’s
- •22. Oral candidiasis кандидоз ротової порожнини
- •Oral candidiasis
- •Classification
- •Risk factors
- •Management
- •Prognosis
- •23. Teeth malformation аномалії розвитку зубів
- •Teeth malformation
- •Teeth malformation
- •24. Oral cancer рак ротової порожнини
- •Oral cancer
- •(By, to, of, at, in, on, with)
- •25. Writing a summary складання summary
- •Writing a summary
- •Cleft lip (harelip)
- •Odontogenic cysts
- •26. Blood кров. Зараження крові
- •27. Systems of the body системи організму людини
- •Systems of the body
- •28. History of dentistry історія стоматології
- •History of dentistry
- •History of dentistry
- •29. The evolution of dental technologies. Modern dental technologies сучасна стоматологія. Відомі відкриття у стоматології
- •The evolution of dental technologies
- •Modern dental technologies
- •Modern dental technologies
- •Air Abrasion
19. Analgetics in dentistry анальгетики у стоматологічній практиці
PRE-TEXT ASSIGNMENTS
Exercise 1. Topic vocabulary:
Analgesic [ænæ'ldʒesik] знеболюючий засіб; знеболююче
Relieve [ri'li:v] полегшувати біль
Diverse [dai'vɜ:s] інший, відмінний від
Derive [di'raiv] траплятися
Property ['prɔpɜ:ti] якість
Morphine ['mɔ:fi:n] морфій
Anti-inflammatory ['ænti:in'flæmətəri] протизапальний засіб
Require [ri'kwai] вимагати
Agent ['eidʒənt] засіб
Sedative ['sedətiv] заспокійливе
Appropriate [ə'prəupriit] відповідний
Affect [ə'fekt] впливати, діяти на що- небудь
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text:
Analgetics in dentistry
An analgesic (also known as a painkiller) is any member of the diverse group of drugsused to relievepain(achieve analgesia). The word analgesic derives from Greek an- ("without") and algos ("pain"). Analgesic drugs act in various ways on theperipheralandcentralnervous systems; they includeparacetamol(acetaminophen), thenon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) such as thesalicylates,narcoticdrugs such asmorphine, synthetic drugs with narcotic properties such astramadol, and various others.
Analgesic use in dentistry includes the use of both oral and local agents. While the dentist may not prescribe oral agents, they will frequently be required to treat patients who are using these drugs and should note this when recording medical histories and be aware of any potential effects of these drugs on relation to dental local analgesia and treatment. Prescribers should advise patients if treatment is likely to affect their ability to drive motor vehicles or manage machinery. This is especially important in relation to oral analgesics which may also have a sedative effect. Patients should be warned that these effects are increased by alcohol.
The oral route of drug administration is preferable but tablets, capsules or oral suspension should be chosen as appropriate for age and the nature of the treatment. Alternative routes such as intramuscular, intravenous and rectal may be appropriate in hospital.
The correct selection of the pain control technique for patients requiring dental treatment is important for safe and successful practice. As with other aspects of clinical dentistry, this clinical decision making is based on knowledge and experience. Generally patients for the treatment under local anesthesia will be managed by the dentist in primary care setting whereas these requiring a general anesthesia will be referred to hospital.
By common usage, the localized loss of pain sensation is referred to as “local anesthesia” rather than local analgesia, which would be more accurate. The word “anesthesia” implies loss of all sensation including touch, pressure, temperature and pan.
POST-TEXT ASSIGNMENTS
Exercise 3. Answer the following questions:
What is an analgesic?
What are analgesics used for?
How can analgesics be administered?
What should doctors warn their patients about before administering analgesics?
What is clinical decision making based on?
What does the word “anesthesia” imply?
Exercise 4. Translate the word combinations:
Діяти на центральну нервову систему, полегшувати біль, наркотичні властивості, різноманітними засобами, виписати препарат, лікувати пацієнтів, пероральне застосування, відносно локальної анестезії, керувати транспортним засобом, заспокійлива дія, призначення препарату, підходити за віком, правильний вибір, безпечне застосування.
Exercise 5. Write out from the text nouns, adjectives and verbs into three columns and define their suffixes:
Exercise 6. Translate into English:
Анальгетики використовують для полегшення болю.
Анальгетики можуть по-різному діяти не центральну та переферичну нервову систему.
Якщо стоматолог призначає анальгетики, він повинен проконсультувати пацієнта відносно можливості кирувати транспортним засобом.
Пероральні анальгетики можуть мати заспокійливу дію.
Залежно від віку пацієнта і характеру лікування, анальгетики можна призначати у капсулах та суспензіях.
Exercise 7. Give summary of the text.
TEST
An analgesic is also known as a …
painkiller
sedative
anti-inflammatory drug
tranquilize
tonic
The word analgesic derives from …
Russian
Ukrainian
Greek
Chinese
French
Analgesic drugs act in various ways … the peripheralandcentralnervous systems.
at
of
for
on
in
Analgesic … in dentistry includes the use of both oral and local agents.
used
uses
use
using
is used
Prescribers … advise patients if treatment is likely to affect their ability to drive motor vehicles or manage machinery.
need
can
have to
should
to be able to
Patients should be warned that these effects are increased … alcohol.
by
with
for
above
over
The oral route of drug administration is preferable but tablets, capsules or oral suspension should be chosen as appropriate for … and the nature of the treatment.
temperature
age
voice
sound
weight
Alternative routes such as intramuscular, intravenous and rectal may be appropriate in ...
hospital
chemist’s department
policlinic
office
home
The correct selection of the … control technique for patients requiring dental treatment is important for safe and successful practice.
treatment
pain
filling
extracting
examination
The word … implies loss of all sensation including touch, pressure, temperature and pan.
treatment
pain
anesthesia
filling
sedative