1. В дополнительных придаточных предложениях после глагола “to wish”.

В структуре сложноподчиненного предложения действует следующая закономерность:

ЗАПОМНИ

В случае перевода с русского на английский конструкции “Жаль, что я (не) …” мы руководствуемся правилом: если в подчиненном предложении в русском языке утвердительная форма, то в английском должна быть отрицательная и наоборот.

Жаль что я пришел. — I wish I hadn’t come.

Жаль что я не пришел. — I wish I had come.

1) Если действия, выраженные в придаточном предложении, происходят одновременно с действиями в главном, то в придаточном предложении используется Past Simple.

I wish (that) I knew about it.

Как бы я хотел знать (мне бы хотелось знать, жаль что я не знаю) об этом.

2) Если действие, выраженные в подчиненном предложении, предшествует действию в главном (сожаление о прошлых событиях), то в придаточном предложении используется Past Perfect.

I wish(ed)I had known about it yesterday.

Мне бы хотелось, чтобы я знал об этом вчера. (Жаль, что я не знал об этом вчера)

3) Если действие, выраженное в придаточном, относится к будущему и о нем заранее сожалеют.

I wish she wouldn’t come. I wish I wouldn’t help you.

Жаль, что она придет. (Как бы я хотел, чтобы она не пришла.) Жаль, что не смогу тебе помочь. (Как бы я хотел тебе помочь.)

2. В обстоятельственных предложениях сравнения и сложных сказуемых, вводимых при помощи as though, as if.

She looked as if he were ill. It looks as though he had known about it long ago.

Он выглядел больным. Похоже он знал об этом уже давно.

3. В предложениях после выражений it is (was) time (пора) / it is (was) high time (давно пора) smb did smth.

It is (was) time you went home. It is (was) high time you learned this poem.

Тебе пора (было) идти домой. Давно пора тебе (было) учить этот стих.

Ту же мысль можно предать с помощью конструкции it is (was) time (пора) / it is (was) high time (давно пора) for you to do smth.

It’s time for you to think of the future. It’s time for us to go to bed.

Тебе пора подумать о будущем. Нам пора идти спать.

4. В предложениях после выражений if only / but for (если бы только не) — для выражения сожаления.

В придаточном предложении: If (only) smb did (II тип) / smb had done (III тип)

В главном предложении: But for this / существительное smb would do (II тип) / smb would have done (III тип)

If only I knew her address! If I were rich and beautiful! If only you hadn’t gone there! But for her poor health she would be my best pupil. But for her illness she would have joined us yesterday.

Если бы я знал ее адрес! Если бы я была богата и красива! Если бы я только не ходил туда! Если бы не ее слабое здоровье, она была бы моей лучшей ученицей. Если бы не ее болезнь, она бы присоединилась к нам вчера.

5. В предложениях с конструкциями:

a) smb. had better (not) do = smb.’d better (not) do

Эта конструкция выражает предпочтение (когда человек говорит о себе) или совет.

I’d better not stay here. You’d better not stay here.

Мне лучше не оставаться здесь. Тебе лучше не оставаться здесь.

б) smb. would rather do = smb.’d rather do

Эта конструкция выражает только предпочтение.

I’d rather stay at home.

Я бы предпочел остаться дома.

Если говорящий предпочитает, чтобы кто-то другой сделал что-то, то используется конструкция smb. would rather smb. else did (not) do.

I’d rather she stayed at home.

Я бы предпочел, чтобы она осталась дома.

ЗАПОМНИ

В Американском варианте английского языка (American English), а иногда и в Британском варианте (British English) should опускается.

с) …that smb. (should) do

Эта конструкция используется в придаточных предложениях, когда мы хотим сказать, что что-то важно, необходимо и желательно сделать после глаголов: to order — приказывать, to insist — настаивать, to suggest — советовать, to recommend — рекомендовать и прилагательных: important — важный, necessary — необходимый, desirable — желательный, vital — жизненно важный, advisable — желательный, целесообразный.

I insist that she (should) stay at home. It’s necessary that you (should) stay at home.

Я настаиваю на том, чтобы она оставалась дома. Необходимо, чтобы вы остались дома.

ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОКОНТРОЛЯ

ВСТАВКА 1

THE NOUN

A. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. Many small ……. (house) were destroyed.

2. It is autumn, and the ……. (leaf) are falling.

3. There were two important ……. (news).

4. Why are there three ……. (pyjamas)?

5. Several ……. (child) got lost in the forest.

6. I’ve got only two ……. (luggage).

7. There were four serious car ……. (crash) this weekend.

8. He can give you lots of important ……. (information).

9. Lots of ……. (person) were unhappy about it.

10. How many ……. (toast) do you want?

11. Let me give you a few ……. (advice).

12. He’s only five ……. (month) old and he’s already got two ……. (tooth).

B. Correct the mistakes in plural forms of the nouns.

1. I see two kangaroo on the TV screen. 2. Little childs are very sweet but sometimes they are very naughty. 3. Fruits is useful for kids and adult. 4. A dark-haired men is going along the platform. 5. Have you ever seen a deer? Rather! Deers are very kind. 6. Some woman talk all the time. 7. Susan eats strawberrys every day. 8. Husbands and wifes often like the same music, the same filmes and the same dishes. 9. My girl-friend and I like this delicious apples-pie very much. 10. Your new jeanses and rucksack are cool! 11. Be a good girl! Don’t throw your moneys around!

C. Open the brackets.

1. Are these ……. pens? (the children)

2. Are you ……. daughter?(Al)

3. Here’s ……. address. (my parents)

4. What’s ……. number? (the Wilsons)

5. Carol and Alice are sisters. That’s ……. father. (Carol and Alice)

THE ARTICLE

A. Use the appropriate form of the indefinite article.

Dog; umbrella; apple; dandelion; hospital; hour; camera; actor; person; animal; letter; car; interest; answer; message; word; chair; expression; absence; bear; bone; cake; eye; horse; island; lady; jug; notice; queen; cloud.

B. Complete the sentences by putting in a or the if required. Leave the gap empty if nothing is required. (Note that the following words in this exercise are uncountable nouns: music, fuel, education, fish, food, coffee, exercise.)

1. It was a nice day, so we had ..... lunch in ....... garden of my house.

2. I'm just going to ......., shops. I'll be back in a few minutes*

3. We phoned for ...... taxi to take us to ...... airport.

4. I like listening to ....... music, when I come home.

5. Without ....... fuel, ....... cars don't work.

6. John was at home. He was reading ........ magazine in ......... living room.

7. His parents believe that ......... education is a very important thing.

8. Jane doesn't like ......... fish; she never eats it.

9. After........ dinner, I washed ..........plates and glasses.

1U. Did you like ......... food at .......... party yesterday?

11. Where’s ........... coffee? It's in ......... cupboard next to .........sink.

С. Complete the sentences by putting the articles where it is required.

1. «Hamlet» is .......very good book. 2. «Kodak» is.......very nice cinema. 3. «Hilton» is.......very good hotel. 4. «Covent Garden» is.......very old theatre in London. 5. «Pretty woman» is.......very nice film. 6. Coppola is.......very good film director. 7. My sister's.......eyes are blue, .......her hair is blond. 8. Is your.......friend going to invite you to ....... party? 9. Are they having........lunch now? 10. She is going to have.......dinner at ....... home tonight. 11. My friends are at .......theatre now. 12. What day is it today? Today it is ....... Monday. 13. Who is sitting at.......table? 14. Will you buy.......sandwich for me! 15. Will you look at.......map! 16. Are you going to have lunch at........office? 17. Are they going to have ...... lunch at.......work? 18. Is he going to have breakfast in.......bed? 19. Are you busy at.......college?

D. Complete the sentences by putting the articles where it is required.

1. Lucy's mother is ..... very beautiful woman. She is.....TV journalist. 2. Lucy's father is.....very nice man. He is ........lawyer. 3. He always goes to ...... work by ..... car. 4. Lucy goes.....home on.....foot. 5. Lucy has ..... brother....... brother is only 6 years old. 6. He likes to listen to......music. 7. Do you often speak on .... phone to.....friends? 8. In.....evening our friends like to play.....tennis in .... park. 9. Do you usually have......dinner with your parents? 10. Do you usually have.....tea or..... coffee for......lunch at ......office? 11. Will you close .....door, please! I am going to play......violin. 12. Why don't you always go to......London by ..... plane? 13. Our chief often asks......secretary to send.....fax to.....Dublin.....secretary is usually very busy. She listens to ..... radio or watches ..... TV at.... office, and she asks.....colleague to send.....fax to.....Dublin. ..... colleague usually plays......computer games together with .... net-friend. In .... evening ....chief asks; «What is about .....fax to.....Dublin?» ..... secretary answers: «.... fax to.....Dublin? Maybe, it is.....there!»

ВСТАВКА 2

B. Circle the correct answer

1. 321,103

a) three hundred and twenty-one one hundred and third

b) three hundred and twenty one hundred and three

c) three hundred and twenty-one hundred and three

d) two hundred and twenty-one one hundred and three

2. 132.054

a) one three two point zero fifty-four

b) one three two point zero five four

c) one hundred and thirty-two point five four

d) one three two point zero fifty four

3. the 200th

a) the twentyth

b) the two hundredth

c) the two hundreds

d) the twentieth

4. 7-65-45

a) seven sixty-five and forty-five

b) seven sixty-five and forty-fifth

c) seven six five four five

d) seven six five four fifth

5. 7*8=56

a) seven multiplied by five makes fifty-six

b) seven plus eight equal fifty-six

c) seven multiplied by eight makes fifty-six

d) seven multiplied by eight make fifty-six

6. December 1, 1991

a) one of December, nineteen ninety-one

b) the first of December, nineteen ninty-one

c) the first of December, ninteen ninety-one

d) the first of December, nineteen ninety-one

7. 1 3/5

a) first and three fifth

b) one and three fifth

c) first and three-fifth

d) one and three-fifth

8. 1980’s

a) the eighties

b) the eighth

c) the eight

d) the eightyes

9. 4,125,963

a) four millions one hundred and twenty-five nine hundred and sixty-three

b) four million one hundred and twenty-five nine hundred and sixty-three

c) four million one hundred and twenty-five nine hundreds and sixty-three

d) four million one hundred and twenty five nine hundred and sixty three

10. 4 m x 7 m

a) four kilometers by seven kilometers

b) four meters by seven meters

c) fourth meters by seventh meters

d) four meter by seven meter

C. Write the following numbers in words.

1. 235 _________

2. 659 _________

3. 4741 _________

4. 812,694 _________

5. 3 ½ _________

6. 4.45 _________

7. 39.06 _________

THE ADJECTIVE

A. Read the story and choose the most appropriate adjective from the brackets.

My (loving, favorite, interesting) picture is by a Dutch artist. An (interesting, elegant, ill-natured) man sits on a (plastic, wooden, hand-made) bench in the corner. He has a small (red, dead, black) dog at his feet. The dog looks (moody, heavy, sleepy). Through the (open, shut, clean) window you can see (hot, bright, white) sunshine. When I look at this picture I feel (cold, warm, hot) and (gloomy, weary, happy).

B. Open the brackets and fill in the gaps with the adjectives in the necessary form.

1. Friendship is ___________ (strong) than steel.

2. Winter is ___________ (cold) season.

3. It was ___________ (good) meal I’ve ever had.

4. Which is ___________ (long) day of the year?

5. Health is ___________ (good) than wealth.

6. The Russian grammar is ___________ (difficult) than the English one.

7. It is autumn; every day the air becomes ____________ (cold), the leaves ___________ (yellow).

8. This is the ____________ (beautiful) view I have ever seen in my life.

9. Are there _________ (many) than two rooms in your new flat?

10. The weather got _______ (bad) and (bad) every day.

ВСТАВКА 3

B. Choose the right word.

1. I am …………. (happy, happily) to meet you.

2. They have lived all their life ………… (happy, happily).

3. Don’t speak to me so ……………… (cold, coldly).

4. Your hands are …………… (cold, coldly), put on your gloves.

5. The results of our work were …………… (perfect, perfectly).

6. We have done everything ………………… (perfect, perfectly).

7. “I am quite ……………… (helpless, helplessly) in solving such problems”, she said.

8. She looked at them …………………. (helpless, helplessly) not knowing what to do.

9. Can you tell me the ……… (exact, exactly) time of his arrival?

10. Sorry, but I don’t know ……………… (exact, exactly) when he comes back.

11. He often comes home ……………… (late, lately).

12. I haven’t seen him …………………… (late, lately).

C. Open the brackets and write the comparative / superlative of every word.

1. If we don’t walk ……… (fast), we’ll miss the train.

2. Brian speaks Italian ……… (fluently) of all the children in the class.

3. Mark is more intelligent, but Alice works ……… (hard).

4. Today I’ll come home ……… (early) than usual.

5. This year they pay the workers ……… (badly) of all.

D.

Rewrite the sentences and put the adverbs in correctly.

1. I have been to London, (often)

2. Have you been to Boston? (ever)

3. He plays golf on Sundays, (sometimes)

4. The weather is bad in November, (always)

5. It rains in California, (never)

6. We have fish for dinner, (seldom)

7. She will see him. (rarely)

8. Peter doesn't get up before seven, (usually)

9. They do not play tennis on Sundays, (always)

10. Mary watches TV. (hardly / ever)

E.

Decide where to place the time expressions. (The sentences are similar to allow you to concentrate on the time expressions.)

1.

a) We went to the cinema yesterday.

b) We went yesterday to the cinema.

c) Both sentences are correct.

2.

a) We often go to the cinema.

b) We go often to the cinema.

c) Both sentences are correct.

3.

a) Next Tuesday I will no to the cinema.

b) I will go to the cinema next Tuesday.

c) Both sentences are correct.

4.

a) They never go to the cinema.

b) They go to the cinema never.

c) Both sentences are correct.

5.

a) She goes every Sunday to the cinema.

b) She goes to the cinema every Sunday.

c) Both sentences are correct.

6.

a) I seldom am at the cinema.

b) I am seldom at the cinema.

c) Both sentences are correct.

7.

a) I don't 20 to the cinema every week.

b) I don't go every week to the cinema.

c) Both sentences are correct.

8.

a) Francis does not always go to the cinema.

b) Francis does not go to the cinema always.

c) Both sentences are correct.

9.

a) Do frequently you goto the cinema?

b) Do you frequently go to the cinema?

c) Both sentences are correct.

10.

a) My friends didn't go to the cinema on Friday.

b) On Friday my friends didn't go to the cinema.

c) Both sentences are correct.

F

Rewrite the sentences and put the adverbs in correctly.

1. She speaks. (slowly)

2. They sang, (wonderfully)

3. He treated her. (respectfully)

4. John speaks English, (well)

5. The dog barks, (loudly)

6. My sister plays the piano. (awfully)

7. She met him. (secretly)

8. The children laughed, (happily)

9. She hurt her leg. (badly)

10. They sneaked out of the house. (quietly)

G

Make sentences and put the adverbs (in italic print) in correctly (behind the verb or object).

1. is / over there I the cinema The cinema is over there.

2. inside I go I let's Let's go inside.

3. the kitchen / downstairs /is The kitchen is downstairs.

4. playing / the kids / are / outside The kids are playing outside.

5. she / not / been / here I has She has not been here.

6. the bathroom / is / upstairs The bathroom is upstairs.

7. were / everywhere / we / for / looking / you We were looking for you everywhere.

8. we / anywhere I you / find / couldn't We couldn't find you anywhere.

9. ? / there / a post office / nearby /is Is there a post office nearby?

10. must / we / walk / back home We must walk back home.

H

Make sentences and put the adverbs (in italic print) in correctly (behind the verb or object).

1. is / over there / the cinema

2. inside / go / let's

3. the kitchen / downstairs / is

4. playing / the kids / are / outside

5. she / not / been I here I has

6. the bathroom / is / upstairs

7. were / everywhere / we / for / looking / you

8. we / anywhere I you / find / couldn't

9. ? / there / a post office / nearby / is

10. must / we / walk / back home

THE PRONOUN

B. Fill in the gaps with the correct pronoun.

1. I have lost ______ pen, may I take ______?

2. If you’ve left ______ dictionary at home, you may take ______.

3. Sally is married. ______ husband works in a bank.

4. Please don’t take that bicycle! It is ______ and he needs it.

5. I had already lost my key, and then Mary lost ______! It was awful!

6. They introduced me to John. He’s a friend of ______.

7. «Is that your car or Ann’s?» «______. Ann hasn’t got a car.»

8. If you haven’t got enough plates, we’ll be happy to bring ______.

9. Bob has taken the book, but Liz says it’s ______.

10. Put on ______ coat when you go out. It’s very cold.

C. Complete the following situations using this, that, these and those.

1. — Have you ever been to New York?

— Many years ago, but .................. was one of the best holidays I’ve ever had.

2. — What’s your new TV-set like?

— .................. one is much better than my old one.

3. — Look! ................... trousers cost ₤50!

— But they’re very nice.

4. — Hello, Bill, .................. is Liz, my new room-mate.

— Hello, Liz, pleased to meet you.

5. — I remember when that dictionary cost thirty pence.

— Ah, .................. were the days, my friend!

D. Fill in the gaps with who, which, whose or that or if necessary leave it blank.

1. He’s the man ………. daughter won the contest.

2. People ………….. drink and drive often go to prison.

3. Those are the people ………. live next door.

4. She gave me the text …….. hadn’t been translated yet.

5. These are the children ………. toys we found yesterday.

E. Fill in the gaps with some, any or no + body, one, thing, where.

1. You must ask ............ to help you with this work.

2. If I have ............ free time, I shall go ............ tonight.

3. Have you heard ............ about our plan?

4. Did ............ see this film yesterday?

5. I know ............ about it and he doesn’t know ............ about it either. ............ knows about it.

6. He said ............ in a low voice but I didn’t make out ............

7. ............ has broken the window but I don’t know exactly who it was.

8. — I’m looking for my keys. Has ............ seen them? — They must be ............ here.

9. We wanted some bread but there was ............ left.

10. ............ was there; the place was empty.

F. Fill in the gaps with much, many, a lot of.

1. How ……….. oil do we need?

2. …………. people come to the park in the evening.

3. Do you have ……….. friends in this town?

4. There is too …………… noise in this room.

5. Hurry up! We haven’t got ……….. time left.

6. We’ve got ……….. time before the exam starts.

7. You should come and see how ……… books we have.

8. He tells us ………… interesting things.

9. Does he have ………….. suits?

10. She doesn’t have ………… articles on this topic.

G. Fill in the gap with (a) few or (a) little.

1. There are ...... parks in our city.

2. They are lazy. They work too .......

3. I had very ...... friends at school.

4. Do you speak English ......?

5. Hurry up! We have ...... time left.

6. I have something to say. May I have ...... words with you?

7. Please, try to make ...... noise. The children have already fallen asleep.

8. The weather was bad that’s why there were ...... people at the stadium yesterday.

9. Now add ………… water and stir it up.

10. ……….. of us had cameras and we could take nice pictures.

ВСТАВКА 4

THE PREPOSITION

A. Fill in the blanks with the preposition where required.

1. The book is _______ the table. Will you put the book _______ the table! 2. The fax is _______ the table. Will you put the fax _______ .the table! 3. _______ the summer _______ the year 1997, I paid a visit _______ friend living ___ the country. 4. The course begins............. January 7th and ends.............March 10th. 5 I went to bed.............midnight and got up.............6:30 the next morning. 6. Mozart was born in Salzburg.............1756. 7. Hurry up! We've got to go.............five minutes. 8. Jack's brother is an engineer, but he's unemployed.............the moment. 9. Sunday afternoons I usually go for a walk ___ the park. 10. I'm just going out to do some shopping. I'll be back.............half an hour.

B. Put in for , while or during.

1. Production at the factory was seriously affected.................the strike. 2. Sue was very angry after our argument. She didn't speak to me.................a week. 3. We usually go out on weekends, but we don't often go out.................the week. 4. The phone rang three times.................we were having dinner last night. 5. I went out for dinner last night. Unfortunately I began to feel sick.................the meal. 6. Can you set the table.................I am getting dinner ready?

C. Answer the questions using the words in brackets. Mind the appropriate prepositions.

1. Where's Kate standing? (top/stairs) _______________________________________

2. Where's the label? (bottle). _______________________________________ the bottle.

3. Where's the cat? (bottom / stairs) ___________________________________________

4. Where's Tom standing? (gate) _____________________________________________

5. Where's the mirror? (wall) __________________________________________________

6. What's Edward doing? (looking / mirror) He's ___________________________________

7. Where are the children? (back/car) ____________________________________________

8. Where's the theatre? (left) ______________________ And the bank? (right) ________________

9. Where is the boy standing? (corner) ____________________________________________

D. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions in, at, about, of, with, to, on, by, between, from..

1. What are you talking __? 2. When I am __home I work __ the garden __ the morning, read and write __ the afternoon, and visit my friends __ the evening. 3. She was beating it __ a bit__ branch decorated __ three or four brown leaves. 4. The first word __ every sentence should begin __ a capital letter. 5. Peter was born __a little town__1985, __ the 2d of May. 6. Nelly returned __ school __five o'clock __ the afternoon. 7. He was suddenly stopped __ the voice __ a soldier on guard. 8. There is a great difference __ age __ my brother and me. 9. I took the knife __ the baby. 10. Your hat is different in shape __ mine. 11. __ July I shall go __ the country.

THE CONJUNCTION

A. Fill in the gaps with and, but, or, because, if, although, as soon as, until, while, after.

1. I promise not to tell him the truth .............. I see him at the party.

2. My mother rang me .............. she was worried about me.

3. He’s going to study in the USA .............. he passes his exams.

4. If this radio doesn’t work, bring it back .............. we’ll give you your money back.

5. I’ll ring you up .............. I get home.

6. We managed to get tickets .............. it was full.

7. We can’t do anything .............. the doctor arrives.

8. We might as well have a cup of tea .............. we are waiting.

9. Have you settled down .............. you retired?

10. He looked everywhere for the cat .............. his wife was fond of it.

B. Fill in the gaps with either ... or, neither ... nor, both ... and.

1. You may have ......... tea ......... coffee.

2. Chekhov is well known ......... in our country ......... abroad.

3. We saw ......... you ......... your friend at the party yesterday. Where were you?

4. At the party they will ......... dance ......... listen to music.

5. We call this room «the hall» and use it ......... as a sitting-room ......... a living-room.

6. If you go by tram you may be late for lessons. Take ......... the underground ......... a taxi.

7. ......... Nick ......... George were late for the lessons because they went by tram.

8. From the corridor you can get ......... to the sitting-room .......... to the study.

9. In the evening we ......... watch TV ......... read newspapers.

10. ......... Tom ......... Harry has much money.

C

Fill in the appropriate conjunctions.

1. I like Sally _______ I don’t like Bob.

2. She likes her _______ she is always friendly.

3. That’s the painting _______ my father bought last year.

4. This is the house _______ I’ve lived for 7 years.

5. In the morning I always have coffee _______ toast.

6. In our house lives a man _______ is a detective.

7. She is happy _______ her test is good.

8. Tell me _______ you can come.

9. He always thinks _______ he is so clever.

10. We had dinner, watched TV, _______ then we went to bed.

11. _______ we arrived he had already gone.

12. That’s the longest test _______ we have ever written.

13. Did you understand _______ he told you that story?

14. I was not really interested in _______ he was talking about.

15. Is this the hotel _______ we stayed last year?

ВСТАВКА 5

THE VERB

A

Fill in the gaps with do, does, don’t, doesn’t, did, didn’t.

1. _______ you clean your teeth every day?

2. Bill _______ live in London. He lives in Belfast.

3. What time. _______. the shops close?

4. My parents . _______. watch television very often. They are very busy.

5. What time _______ you come home on Sunday?

6. _______ she like dancing?

7. Last month Alice _______ work on Saturdays. Saturday was her day off.

8. What _______ this word mean?

9. I _______. want to go out this evening. It is cold outside.

10. Why _______ they go home early yesterday?

B

Fill in the gaps with am, is, are, was,were. Mind that they may be in the negative form.

1. Where _______ they going now?

2. It _______ raining at the moment. The sun _______ shining brightly.

3. What _______ she wearing yesterday?

4. — Where _______ you born?

— I’m Italian but I _______. born in France.

5. Can you tell me how this word _______. pronounced?

6. These are very old photographs. They _______ taken a long time ago.

7. The streets in this town _______ cleaned every day.

8. What _______ you doing at 10.30?

9. George _______ working this week. He has a holiday.

10. The train _______ to arrive at 7 p.m. yesterday.

C

Fill in the gaps with have, have got, had not.

1. How long _______ they been married?

2. Our town _______. no theatres ten years ago.

3. Jill _______ gone to Italy for a holiday.

4. _______.you ever seen a ghost?

5. George and Linda are here. They _______ just arrived.

6. My friend usually _______. lunch at school.

7. I _______ made some coffee. Would you like some?

8. _______ you _______ English classes very often last month?

9. _______ you _______ a family?

10. They _______. a good rest at the seaside last year.

ВСТАВКА 6

NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERB

A

Use constructions with the Infinitive.

1. I saw as he crossed the street.

2. I have never heard how she plays the piano.

3. I saw as the driver opened the window and threw a box into the bushes.

4. I felt as somebody looked at me.

5. Nobody noticed as he left the hall.

B

Write about yourself. Use the Gerund.

1. I really miss ________.

2. I love ________.

3. I hate ________.

4. It’s no use ________.

5. I’m fond of ________.

6. I’m interested in ________.

7. I’m looking forward to ________.

8. I’m afraid of ________.

9. I’m good at ________.

10. I’m responsible for _______.

C

Use the Infinitive, Gerund or Participle.

1. What was in the letter? — I don’t know. I did not want ________ (open) it as it wasn’t addressed to me

2. I can hear the bell ________ (ring) but nobody seems ________ (be coming) ________ (open) the door.

3. Please, go on ________ (write), I don’t mind ________ (wait).

4. Most people prefer _______ (spend) money to _______ (earn) it.

5. Did you advise him ________ (go) to the police? — No, I didn’t like ________ (give) any advice on such a difficult matter.

6. It’s no use ________ (write) to him, he never answers letters. The only thing ________ (do) is ________ (go) and ________ (see) him.

7. Ask him ________ (come) in. Don’t keep him ________ (stand) at the door.

8. I advise you ________ (start) ________ (look) for a flat at once.

9. He tried __________ (explain) but she didn’t want __________ (listen).

10. I’m looking forward to ________ (see) you.

ВСТАВКА 7

B

Make the following sentences passive.

1. Julia rescued three cats.

2. The students handed in the reports.

3. Maria crashed into the blue car.

4. Alex learned the poem.

5. Steven has forgotten the book.

6. The mechanic has not repaired the DVD recorder.

7. They play handball.

8. Sue puts the rucksack on the floor.

9. The girls had lost the match.

10. The teacher is not going to open the window.

ВСТАВКА 8

B

Use one of the modal verbs in brackets to fill each gap.

1. They (can/might)________________be away for the weekend but I'm not sure.

2. You (may/might)________________leave now if you wish.

3. (Could/May)________________you open the window a bit, please?

4. He (can/could)________________be from Sheffield, judging by his accent.

5. (May/Can)________________you swim?

6. Listen, please. You (may not/might not)________________ speak during this exam.

7. They (can't/may not)________________still be out!

8. You (couldn't/might not)________________smoke on the bus.

9. With luck, tomorrow (can/could)________________be a cooler day.

10. You (can/might)________________be right but I'm going back to check the times.

ВСТАВКА 9

B

Open the brackets using the appropriate form of the verb.

1. I wish I knew Nick's address. If I (know/ had known/ knew) his address I would send him a letter.

2. If I (am/ will be/ were) you I wouldn't trust him.

3. If I (am/ would be/ will be/ were) rich I would buy a big house.

4. If I (can/ will be able to/ could) speak English I wouldn't need an interpreter now.

5. I wish I (don't/ will not/ didn't) have to work. But I've got a lot of work to do.

6. I would spend more time with you if I (was not/ won't be/ were not) so busy.

7. He would study better if he (has/ had/ will have) more time.

8. It's raining heavily. I wish I (have/ will have/ had) an umbrella.

9. If I (have/ would have/ had/ had have/ had had) more money last year I would (buy/ have bought) Tom's ear.

10. If the weather (were not/ has not been/ hadn't been) so bad yes­terday we would have gone to the party.

11. If I (knew/ had known/ would know) you were ill I would have come to see you.

12. If he (was not/ were not/ had not been) so hungry that evening he would never have eaten so much.

13. If only I (haven't/ had not) spent so much money yesterday I wouldn't be hungry now.

SEQUENCE OF TENCES

Make up sentences in the reported speech.

1. Mr Brown said:" I was watching TV last night."

Mr Brown said (that) ________________.

2. Sandy explained: “I saw the accident at the corner of High Street.”

Sandy explained (that) ______________.

3. Bob said:" We had a wonderful time at Peter's party."

Bob said (that) they _______________.

4. The farmer said:" I didn't see her."

The farmer said (that) ______________.

5. Will and Tim said: “We were very happy about the present.

Will and Tim said (that) _____________.

6. Mr Jones said: “As a young boy I collected stickers."

Mr Jones said (that) _______________.

7. Peter reported:" We played a lot of tennis last year."

Peter reported (that) ______________.

8. Mother said:" I have a headache."

Mother said (that) ________________.

9. Tine Clarks told us:" We drove right down to Athens last summer.”

The Clarks told us (that) _____________

10. Helen said:" I'm watching the late night show."

Helen said (that) ___________________.

11. Peter said:"They were interested in other countries."

Peter said (that) _______________.

12. Mr Cooper said:"I take my medicine regularly."

Mr Cooper said (that) ______________.

13. Mrs Miller said:" I don't feel better now."

Mrs Miller said (that) ___________________.

14. Sarah said:" My father takes me to school every day."

Sarah said (that) ________________________.

15. He said to the reporters:" I'm a farmer in Cornwell."

He said to the reporters (that) _______________.

ОТВЕТЫ

ВСТАВКА 1 *

THE NOUN

A.

1. houses; 2. leaves; 3. (pieces of) news; 4. pairs of pyjamas; 5. children; 6. (pieces of) luggage; 7. crashes; 8. information; 9. people; 10. toasts; 11. (pieces of) advice; 12. months, teeth;

B.

1. kangaroos; 2. children; 3. fruit; 4. man; 5. deer; 6; women; 7. strawberries; 8. wives; 9. films; 10. jeans; 11. money.

C.

1. the children’s; 2. Al’s; 3. my parents’; 4. the Wilsons’; 5. Carol and Alice’s.

THE ARTICLE

A.

A dog; an umbrella; an apple; a dandelion; a hospital; an hour; a camera; an actor; a person; an animal; a letter; a car; an interest; an answer; an message; a word; a chair; an expression; an absence; a bear; a bone; a cake; an eye; a horse; an island; a lady; a jug; a notice; a queen; a cloud.

B. 1. —, the; 2. —;3. a, the;4. —; 5. —, —; 6. a, the; 7. —; 8. —; 9. —, the; 10. the, the; 11. the, the, the.

C.

1. a 2.a 3. a 4. a 5. a 6. a 7.—,— 8. —,a 9.— 10.—,— 11. the 12.—13. the 14.a 15. the 16. the 17.—,— 18.— 19. the

D.

1. a, a 2. a, a 3. —, — 4. —, — 5. a, the 6. the 7. the, — 8. the, —, the 9. — 10, —, —, —, the 11. the, the 12. —, — 13. the, a, —, the, the, —, the, a, the, —, the, —, a, the, the, the, —, the, the —, —

ВСТАВКА 2 *

B.

1. c; 2. a; 3. b; 4. c; 5. c; 6. d; 7. b; 8. a; 9. b; 10. b

C.

1. two hundred and thirty-five. 2. six hundred and fifty-nine. 3. four thousand seven hundred and forty-one. 4. eight hundred twelve thousand six hundred and ninety-four. 5. three and a half. 6. four point four five. 7. thirty-nine point nought six.

THE ADJECTIVE

A.

My favorite picture is by a Dutch artist. An elegant man sits on a wooden bench in the corner. He has a small black dog at his feet. The dog looks sleepy. Through the open window you can see bright sunshine. When I look at this picture I feel warm and happy.

B. Open the brackets and fill in the gaps with the adjectives in the necessary form.

1. stronger 2. the coldest 3. the best 4. the longest 5. better 6. more difficult 7. colder, yellower 8. the most beautiful 9. more 10. worse, worse.

ВСТАВКА 3 *

B. happy. 2. happily. 3. coldly. 4. cold. 5. perfect. 6. perfectly. 7. helpless. 8. helplessly. 9. exact. 10. exactly. 11. late. 12. lately

C. 1. faster. 2. most fluently. 3. harder. 4. earlier. 5. worst.

D.

1. I have often been to London.

2. Have you ever been to Boston?

3. He sometimes plays golf on Sundays.

4. The weather is always bad in November.

5. It never rains in California.

6. We seldom have fish for dinner.

7. She will rarely see him?

8. Peter doesn't usually get up before seven.

9. They do not always play tennis on Sundays.

10. Mary hardly ever watches TV.

E.

1. a) 2 a) 3 c) 4 a) 5 b) 6 b) 7 a) 8 a) 9 b) 10 c)

F

1. She speaks slowly.

2. They sang wonderfully.

3. He treated her respectfully.

4. John speaks English well.

5. The dog barks loudly.

6. My sister plays the piano awfully.

7. She met him secretly.

8. The children laughed happily.

9. She hurt her leg badly.

10. They sneaked out of the house quietly.

G

1. The cinema is over there.

2. Let's go inside.

3. The kitchen is downstairs.

4. The kids are playing outside.

5. She has not been here.

6. The bathroom is upstairs.

7. We were looking for you everywhere.

8. We couldn't find you anywhere.

9. Is there a post office nearby?

10. We must walk back home.

H

1. The cinema is over there.

2. Let's go inside.

3. The kitchen is downstairs.

4. The kids are playing outside.

5. She has not been here.

6. The bathroom is upstairs.

7. We were looking for you everywhere.

8. We couldn't find you anywhere.

9. Is there a post office nearby?

10. We must walk back horned.

ВСТАВКА 4 *

B.

1. my; yours. 2. your; mine. 3. Her. 4. his. 5. hers. 6. theirs. 7. mine. 8. ours. 9. hers. 10. your

C. 1. that. 2. this. 3. these. 4. this. 5. those.

D.

1. whose. 2. who. 3. who/that. 4. which / that. 5. whose.

E.

1. somebody/someone. 2. any; somewhere. 3. anything. 4. anyone. 5. nothing; anything; nobody. 6. something; anything. 7. somebody/someone. 8. anyone; somewhere. 9. nothing. 10. nobody.

F.

1. much. 2. A lot of. 3. many. 4. much. 5. much. 6. a lot of. 7. many. 8. a lot of. 9. many. 10. many.

G.

1. a few. 2. little. 3. few. 4. a little. 5. little. 6. a few. 7. little. 8. few. 9. a little. 10. A few.

ВСТАВКА 4 *

THE PREPOSITION

A.

1. on, from 2. on, from 3. in, in, to, in 4. in, in 5. at, at 6. in 7. in 8. at 9. in 10. in

B.

1. during 2. for 3. during 4. while 5. during 6. while

C.

1. Kate is standing at the top of the stairs.

2. Label is on the bottle.

3. The cat is at the bottom of the stairs.

4. Tom is standing near the gate.

5. The mirror is on the wall.

6. He's looking in the mirror.

7. The children are at the back of the car.

8. The theatre is to the left of the park. And the bank is to the right.

9. The boy is standing at the corner of the street.

D.

1. about 2. at, in, in, in, in 3. with, of, with 4. in, with 5. in, in, on 6. to, at, in 7. by, of 8. in, between 9. from 10. from 11. In, to.

THE CONJUNCTION

A.

1. if. 2. because. 3. if. 4. and. 5. as soon as. 6. although. 7. until. 8. while. 9. after. 10. because.

B.

1. either ... or. 2. both. 3. neither ... nor. 4. both ... and. 5. both ... and. 6. either ... or. 7. Both ... and. 8. either ... or. 9. either ... or. 10. Neither ... nor.

C.

1. I like Sally but I don’t like Bob.

2. She likes her because she is always friendly.

3. That’s the painting which my father bought last year.

4. This is the house where I’ve lived for 7 years.

5. In the morning I always have coffee and toast.

6. In our house lives a man who is a detective.

7. She is happy because her test is good.

8. Tell me when you can come.

9. He always thinks that he is so clever.

10. We had dinner, watched TV, and then we went to bed.

11. When we arrived he had already gone.

12. That’s the longest test which we have ever written.

13. Did you understand why he told you that story?

14. I was not really interested in what he was talking about.

15. Is this the hotel where we stayed last year?

ВСТАВКА 5*

THE VERB

A

1. Do. 2. doesn’t. 3. do. 4. don’t. 5. did. 6. Does. 7. didn’t. 8. does. 9. don’t. 10. did.

B

1. are. 2. isn’t; is. 3. was. 4. were; was. 5. is. 6. were. 7. are. 8. will you be. 9. isn’t. 10. was.

C

1. have. 2. had. 3. has. 4. Have. 5. have. 6. has. 7. have. 8. Did ___ have. 9. Have ___ got. 10. had.

ВСТАВКА 6*

NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERB

A

1. I saw him cross the street. 2. I have never heard her play the piano. 3. I saw the driver open the window and throw a box into the bushes. 4. I felt somebody look at me. 5. Nobody noticed him leave the hall.

B.

1. going to the seaside (reading books, etc.)

2. singing (drawing, etc.)

3. cleaning the room (washing up, being given a lot of home exercises, etc.)

4. waiting for him (being afraid, etc.)

5. reading interesting books (traveling, etc.)

6. buying rare stamps (collecting different coins, etc.)

7. your coming (being praised for this work, etc.)

8. your aunt’s coming (being reprimanded, etc.)

9. doing sums (swimming, etc)

10. cleaning the blackboard (taking care of my younger sister, etc.)

C

1. to open. 2. ring; to be coming; to open. 3. writing; waiting. 4. spending; earning. 5. to go; giving. 6. writing; to do; to go; see. 7. to come; standing. 8. to start; looking. 9. to explain; to listen. 10. seeing.

ВСТАВКА 7 *

B

1. Three cats were rescued.

2. The reports were handed in.

3. The blue car was crashed into.

4. The poem was learned.

5. The book has been forgotten.

6. The DVD recorder has not been repaired.

7. Handball is played.

8. The rucksack is put on the floor.

9. The match had been lost.

10. The window is not going to be opened.

ВСТАВКА 8*

B

1. might 2. may 3. Could 4. could 5. Can 6. may 7. can’t 8. couldn’t 9. could 10. might

ВСТАВКА 9*

B

1. knew; 2. were; 3. were; 4. could; 5. didn't; 6. were not; 7. had; 8. had; 9. had had, have bought; 10. hadn't been; 11. had known; 12. had not been; 13. had not.

SEQUENCE OF TENCES

1. Mr Brown said (that) he had been watching TV the previous night.

2. Sandy explained (that) she had seen the accident at the corner of High Street.

3. Bob said (that) they had had a wonderful time at Peter's party.

4. The farmer said (that) he hadn’t seen her.

5. Will and Tim said (that) they had been very happy about the present.

6. Mr Jones said (that) as a young boy he had collected stickers.

7. Peter reported (that) they had played a lot of tennis the previous year.

8. Mother said (that) she had a headache.

9. Helen said (that) she was watching the late night show."

10. Peter said (that) they had been interested in other countries.

11. Mr Cooper said (that) he takes his medicine regularly.

12. He said to the reporters (that) he is a farmer in Cornwell.