VII. Reproduce the following in the Reported Speech: Time Works Wonders

Once a man went to a restaurant. “Bring me a regular three-course dinner,” he ordered the waiter, a very young lad. Time passed but the lad with the dinner didn’t appear. “How long shall I have to wait?”, wondered the customer. At that moment the boy came running in with a plate of soup on a tray. “Are you the very lad whom I ordered a three-course dinner?”, – asked the customer both hungry and cross. “Yes, sir, I am”, answered the waiter. “Dear me!”, exclaimed the hungry customer, “I don’t recognize you! You have grown quite a man since that time!”

VIII. Reproduce the following changing Indirect Speech into Direct Speech.

A Frenchman was once traveling in England. He could speak quite well but not perfectly. His vocabulary was not large. Once, for example, he had a lunch at a small country inn and he wanted to order some eggs. But he did not know the word for eggs. Suddenly, through the window he saw a cock walking in the yard. He immediately asked the waiter what the bird was called in English. The waiter told him that it was called a cock . The Frenchman then asked what the cook’s wife was called. The waiter told him that it was called a hen. The Frenchman then asked what the hen’s children were called. The waiter told him that they were called chickens. The Frenchman then asked what they were called before they were born. The waiter told him they were called eggs. “Fine!”, – said the Frenchman. “Please, bring me two – plus a cup of coffee and some toast.”

ІНФІНІТИВ / ГЕРУНДІЙ

(The Infinitive / The Gerund)

Форми інфінітиву

	Active	Passive
Simple (Indefinite)	to make	to be made
Progressive (Continuous)	to be making	____
Perfect	to have made	to have been made
Perfect Progressive (Continuous)	to have been making	_____

Active

Simple (Indefinite) Infinitive

• виражає дію, що відноситься до теперішнього або майбутнього часу, а також дію одночасну з присудком речення:

e.g. It will be difficult to book a hotel room.

We wanted to leave a message for Bob.

e.g. His greatest ambition is to be chosen for Olympic games.

Progressive (Continuous) Infinitive

• виражає тривалу дію, що відбувається одночасно з дією, вираженою присудком речення:

e.g. Mabel seemed to be recording music.

Perfect Infinitive

• виражає дію, що відноситься до минулого і показує, що ця дія передує дії, вираженій дієсловом-присудком:

e.g. He turned out to have played in the Cup Final.

Форми герундія

(the -ing form)

	Active	Passive
Simple (Indefinite)	making	being made
Perfect	having made	having been made

Active

Simple (Indefinite) Gerund

• виражає дію, що відноситься до теперішнього часу, а також дію, одночасну з присудком речення або ж безвідносно до якогось певного періоду часу:

e.g. Jogging is what you need. I enjoyed eating barbecue.

e.g. I hate being asked my age.

• виражає дію, що передує дії, вираженій дієсловом-присудком речення (to thank, to forget, to remember, to excuse, to apologize та ін., а також після прийменників on і after):

e.g. I remember meeting lots of tourists, eating fantastic ice-cream, viewing ancient monuments and terrible traffics, and the Vatican when I think of Rome.

Perfect Gerund

• виражає дію, що передує дії, вираженій дієсловом-присудком.

e.g. He denied having made that mistake.

e.g. He was a difficult child, probably due to having been looked after by foster parents.