Контрольная работа № 1 Вариант № 10.

Выполните следующие задания:

1. Образуйте форму множественного числа следующих существительных: knowledge, force, material, woman, ship, size.

2. Напишите формы неопределенных местоимений, объясните правила их использования в предложении.

3. Образуйте степени сравнения следующих прилагательных и наречий: mild, big, slowly, well, long, cold, large, little.

4. Прочтите и переведите тексты. Текст «А» переведите письменно и ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Text A. Bill Gates – the founder of Microsoft

William Henry Gates was born in Seattle, Washington, in 1955.

He is an American business executive, chairman and chief executive officer of the Microsoft Corporation. Gates was the founder of Microsoft in 1975 together with Paul Allen, his partner in computer language development. While attending Harvard in 1975, Gates together with Allen developed a version of the BASIC computer programming language for the first personal computer.

In the early 1980s, Gates led Microsoft’s evolution from the developer of computer programming languages to a large computer software company. This transition began with the introduction of MS-DOS, the operating system for the new IBM Personal Computer in 1981. Gates also led Microsoft towards the introduction of application software such as the Microsoft Word processor.

Much of Gates’ success is based on his ability to translate technical visions into market strategy. Although Gates has accumulated great wealth from his holdings of Microsoft stock, he has been known as a tough competitor who seems to value winning in a competitive environment over money. Gates still continues to work personally in product development at Microsoft.

Questions:

Who is Bill Gates? What did he lead in the early 1980s?

Text B. How materials react to external forces

Materials Science and Technology is the study of materials and how they can be fabricated to meet the needs of modern technology. Using the laboratory techniques and knowledge of physics, chemistry, and metallurgy, scientists are finding new ways of using metals, plastics and other materials.

Engineers must know how materials respond to external forces, such as tension, compression, torsion, bending, and shear. All materials respond to these forces by elastic deformation. That is, the materials return their original size and form when the external force disappears. The materials may also have permanent deformation or they may fracture. The results of external forces are creep and fatigue.

Text C. Electronic Engineering

Electronic engineering deals with the research, design and application of circuits and devices used in the transmission and processing of information.

The revolution in electronics is the trend towards integrating electronic devices on a single tiny chip of silicon or some other semiconductive material. Much of the research in electronics is directed towards creating even smaller chips, faster switching of components, and three-dimensional integrated circuits.

Text D. Nuclear Engineering

This branch of engineering is concerned with the design and construction of nuclear reactors. In addition to designing nuclear reactors that yield specified amounts of power, nuclear engineers develop the special materials necessary to withstand the high temperatures and radioactivity. Nuclear engineers also develop methods to shield people from the harmful radiation produced by nuclear reactors.

5. Переведите на русский язык следующие слова: annealing, quenching, tempering, intermediate, to immerse, indicator, treatment, ductile.

6. Переведите на английский язык следующие слова и словосочетания: температура нормализации, мелкозернистая структура, охлаждение, состав стали, оксидная пленка, индикатор, закаленная сталь, промежуточный.

7. Переведите на русский язык предложение, содержащее модальный глагол или его эквивалент. It’s for this reason that many reports on scientific research include discussion of how the research ought to have been done in the light of the experience gained in having done it the first time.

8. Выпишите из текста «C» предложение, содержащее сказуемое в страдательном залоге. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

9.Составьте резюме, используя образец в Приложении.