Роздатковий матеріал до заняття 16

1. Practice your reading and pronunciation:

Watchmen [´wɔʧmən], throughout [θru´aut], authority [ɔ:´θɔrɪtɪ], guard [gα:d], enforcement [ɪn´fɔ:smənt], mission [´mɪʃ(ə)n], maintain [meɪn´teɪn], agency [´eɪʤ(ə)n(t)sɪ]

2. Your Vocabulary:

1. guardian – охоронець;

2. to be responsible for - бути відповідальним за …;

3. maintaining public order – підтримувати громадський порядок;

4. preventing and detecting crime – запобігання і розслідування злочинів;

5. rules of conduct – правила поведінки;

6. enforcement – примусове виконання;

7. bodyguard – особистий охоронець;

8. peace – спокій, тиша, громадський порядок, мир;

9. throughout centuries – упродовж сторіч;

10. objective – мета;

11. watchmen – нічний сторож;

12. to guard – охороняти.

3. Read the text and translate it: From the History of Police Forces

Police is the agency of community or government that is responsible for maintaining public order and preventing and detecting crime. The basic police mission — preserving order by enforcing rules of conduct or laws.

The conception of the police force as a protective and law enforcement organization developed from the use of military bodies as guardians of the peace, such as the Praetorian Guard— bodyguard of the ancient Roman emperors.

During the Middle Ages, policing authority was the responsibility of local nobles on their individual estates.

Police forces developed throughout centuries taking various forms. In France during the 17^th century King Louis XIV had a small central police organization consisting of 40 inspectors.

In 1663 the city of London began paying watchmen to guard the streets at night. After much deliberation (обговорення) in Parliament, the British statesman Sir Robert Peel in 1329 established the London Metropolitan Police, which became the world's first modern organised police force.

The force was guided by the concept of crime prevention as a primary police objective! The Metropolitan police was well disciplined and organized and became the model for other police forces in Britain. Other countries followed the British model of the police systems.

4. Answer the questions:

1. What is the police responsible for?

2. What is the basic police mission?

3. What was the conception of the police forces taken from?

4. Who did the central police organization of King Louis XIV consist of?

5. Who established the London Metropolitan Police?

6. What was the primary police objective?

7. Why did the other countries follow the British model of the police systems?

5. Find the words and word-combinations in the text:

1) місцеві шляхтичі; 2) охороняти вулиці вночі; 3) запобігання злочинів; 4) військовий підрозділ; 5) британський державний діяч; 6) після довгого обговорення; 7) Лондонська столична поліція; 8) розслідування злочинів; 9) охоронці громадського спокою; 10) правила поведінки; 11) бути відповідальним за збереження громадського порядку.