Seminar 2 Syntax of the Simple Sentence.

Objectives:

• to evaluate students’ level of mastering the theoretical material on the theme discussed;

• to foster students willingness and readiness to explore various aspects of English composite sentence and text preparing them for further scientific research on the issues of the theory of grammar.

Questions for discussion:

1. Sentence as the main communicative unit of the language.

2. Predicative characteristics of the sentence. Types of predication.

3.Structural characteristics of the sentence (constituent structure, paradigmatic structure). One-member and elliptical sentences in ME.

4. Principal parts of the sentence.

5. Secondary parts of the sentence.

Recommended literature:

1. M.Y. Blokh. A Course in Theoretical Grammar. - M.: Высшая школа -2003. – 423 p.

2. M.Y. Blokh., T.N.Semionova, S.V. Timofeyeva. Theoretical English Grammar. Seminars. - M.: Высшая школа -2003. – 471 p.

3. Alexeyeva Iryna. Theoretical Grammar Course of Modern English. – Vinnytsya: Nova Knyha. – 2007. – 328 p.

4. E.J.Morokhovskaya Fundamentals of Theoretical English Grammar. - K.: Вища школа. - 1984. – 246 p.

5. B. Ilyish The Structure of Modern English. – Л.: Просвещение. - 1971. – 214 р.

6. N.M.Rayevska Modern English Grammar. - K.: Вища школа. - 1976. p.6-8, 37-42.

7. Khaimovich B.S., Rogovskaya B.I. The Structure of Modern English. М.

1. 1967. p.6-10

8. Языкознание. Большой энциклопедический словарь / Гл.ред. В.Н.Ярцева. – 2-е изд. - М.: Большая Российская энциклопедия, 2000. – 688с: ил.

9. Traugott E.C., Pratt M.L. Linguistics. – Oxford University Press. – Oxford, 2002. - 58 p.

10. L.L. Iofik, L. P. Chakhoyan. Readings in the Theory of English Grammar.p.p. 43-67.

11. O.M.Starikova, N.P.Alova. Seminars in Theoretical Grammar. p.52-54.

12. A. Veikhman. A New Look at English Syntax. P.p. 181-220.

13. Douglas Biber, Susan Conrad, Geoffrey Leech. Student grammar of Spoken and Written English. – Longman. – 2003. – 487 р.

Sentence Practical assignments

Exercise 1. Comment on the following terms:

sentence, proposition, utterance, discourse, text, topic, comment, communicative types of utterances, distribution formula, distri­butional analysis, transformational analysis, constructional analysis, immediate constituents analysis.

Exercise 2. Give traditional syntactic analysis of the following sentences:

1. Margery gave him his black Homburg hat and opened the door for Julia and Michael to go out (Maugham). 2. It was all very well for Michael to be so damned good-natured about it. She was hurt. She felt a little inclined to cry (Maugham). 3. With a little shrug of her shoulders Julia slipped her hand to the door and drew back the bolt (Maugham). 4. From the table beside him he picked up a volume in a glossy blue dust-jacket and held it up for my inspection (Hux­ley). 5. I couldn't bear to think of your having to throw away your good money on tips (Maugham).

Exercise 3. Oppositional analysis. Give the opposites of the following sentences:

1. Denny lit a cigarette. 2. Andrew smiled. 3. John's was a hard life. 4. We saw many people there. 5. Come quickly I 6. The students were in the corridor. 7. To have come so late!

Exercise 4. Distributional analysis. Comment on the distributio­nal value of the verb to get. Identify its structural and lexical meaning in the following sentences:

1. I got to take care of myself (Lewis). 2. "And, uh, say, doctor, be sure and get Mr.Eathorne to come" (Lewis). 3. I got to thinking: Lilla's a fine, big-hearted woman, and she'll understand that Paul's had his lesson now (Lewis). 4. "If you're ready, darling", he said, "let's get going" (Lyon). 5. "Do not get too worried, take life like it cornea" (Maltz). 6. "I'll only get caught", Bironsky said dully (Maltz). 7. "I want to offer services in the trial. I've got an idea" (Lewie). 8. I must get him another shirt and a Jacket for the winter and some sort of shoes and another blanket (Hemingway). 9. At every street corner National Service posters proclaim that "We've got to be prepared", во we are getting ready. The average man gets up in the railway station, where he gets his packer, and gets into a smoker. Before he gets to town the sky gets black, and he gets wet (Jagger). 10. "You're getting to be quite a man, aren't you?" (Dreiser),

Exercise 5. IC analysis. Cut each, of the following sentences into its immediate constituents:

1. Julia continued to go to the smart supper places and to night club with Tom (Maugham), 2. He looked anxiously at the door (Maugham). 3. She managed in the most natural way in the world to see nothing of Tom till her last day in London (Maugham). 4. The village water supply was two streets down the road (Hemingway).

Exercise 6. Draw the derivation tree for the following sentence:

The young man heard a wonderful song there.

Exercise 7. Transform the following sentences according to the given models:

Model: I want somebody to do the job ——— I want the Job done.

1. I want somebody to clean my shoes. 2. I want you to repair my watch. 3. I want the barber to cut my hair.

Model: I heard the door opening— I heard that the door was opening.

1. I heard him laughing . 2. I saw her running across the street. 3. I felt her touching my arm.

Model: I believed him to be honest —I believed him honest.

1. I found the book to be interesting . 2. We considered her a be clever. 5, We found them to be practical.

Model: It's time for them to arrive — It's time they arrived.

1. It's high time for you to know grammar. 2. It's time for her to go home. 3. It's time for the presents to be delivered.

Exercise 8. Give transformational potential of the following sentences.

Model: Brian laughed to think of it.

Brian laughed thinking of it.

Brian laughed when thinking of it.

Brian thought of it and laughed.

Brian laughed at the thought of it.

Brian gave a laugh to think of it.

1. To look at Montmorency you would imagine that he was an angle upon earth (Jerome). 2. No one would believe, to look at her, that she was over thirty (Huxley). 3. ... he groaned to think that never, never it rested so before (Dickens).

Content Module III