Вариант 3

I. Заполните пропуски и переведите предложения:

1. The First Aid equipment is __ the door.

a) to b) for c) from d) behind

2. Maintain radio contact ___ VHF channel 15.

a) on b) for c) from d) of

3. ___ did the accident happen?

a) That b) Which c) Who d) What time

4. ___ extra power available in emergency?

a) When b) Is there c) Could you d) Can

5. When was the last man-overboard ___?

a) drill b) vessel c) power d) leakage

6. ___ the alarms immediately!

a) Sounded b) Sound c) Sounds d) Sounding

7. I require __ pumps.

a) control b) vessel c) fire d) derrick

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на инфинитивные конструкции.

1. I don’t want him to be punished.

2. I saw you come in.

3. The ship is reported to arrive on time.

4. She is said to have been working at the University since 1995.

III. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление конструкций английского языка used to, would rather:

1. I would rather take a taxi.

2. You would rather complete your task early.

3. She used to play the piano but now she plays the guitar.

4. We used to go to the beach for our holidays when we were children.

5. He used to have a motorbike but now he drives a family car.

IV. Запишите и письменно переведите текст.

Metals Used as Conductors

The use of electricity depends upon a means of conducting it from its source to the point where it is to be used. Copper has been used as a conductor since the beginning of the industry and no proper substitute has been found. Only one metal, silver, is more efficient, but it has too high cost to be extensively used.

Aluminium, because of its lightness, is used in common practice for transmission lines where long spans are necessary. It has, compared to other metals, a conducting capacity of about 60 per cent of that of copper.

V. Прочитайте текст, сделайте реферирование текста на английском языке в письменной форме (см. Приложение 6). Переведите письменно свой текст на русский язык.

The International Maritime Organization

Within the United Nations, maritime affairs are taken care of by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The main objective, from the first conference in 1948 up to its entry into force in 1958, is improvement of safety at sea. Seafaring has always been one of the most dangerous occupations. Even today that is still true. Many countries had unilateral regulations on safety. As sea trade is of international nature, the rules and regulations had better to be set up internationally, instead of by individual countries, to make them better overall. To improve this subject, in 1948 the basis was laid for IMO.

Safety of ships and navigation was the first issue, but also from the beginning Marine Pollution, particularly from oil carried in tankers, was of great importance. The governing body is the Assembly, with Committees for the different objectives. Safety is dealt with by the MSC, the Marine Safety Committee. MEPC, the Marine Environment Protection Committee deals with pollution problems. The above has resulted in two major issues: SOLAS and MARPOL. The former deals with the Safety of Life at Sea, SOLAS, and the latter with Marine Pollution, MARPOL. Through the years many protocols and conventions have been adopted. After adoption, individual governments must ratify the protocols or conventions. Depending on the number of governments and the tonnage governed by them, a convention comes into force, after a certain time. Then its followed by the implementation, when the new regulation becomes law under the responsibility of the flagstate. This process sometimes takes years.

As mentioned above, the main Conventions are SOLAS and MARPOL. SOLAS goes back as far as 1914, but due to World War I never came into force. A number of safety conventions have been implemented since; the last one SOLAS 1974, with amendments, is now valid. MARPOL started only in 1954, dealing with oil pollution. Now MARPOL 73/78 with various amendments is valid. The above Conventions resulted in certificates which ships have to carry, after being surveyed to ensure that they meet the requirements.