Islands

Great Britain

Ireland

Shetland Islands

Orkney Isl.

Outer & Inner Hebrides

Anglesey

Scilly

Mountains

Highlands & Uplands

Grampian mountains

Pennines

Ben Nevis

Snowdon

Lakes

Lough Neagh

Loch Lomond

Loch Ness

Lake District

Rivers

Severn

Thames

Mersey

Avon

Question 10: Monarchy: History. Functions

Plan:

1. Origin

2. Normans

3. Magna Carta

4. Scottish king

5. Commonwealth

6. Merger

7. Empire

8. Republic of Ireland

9. Commonwealth of Nations

• Monarchy the UK is a parliamentary monarchy.

• In the UK there is no single written constitution. It is formed by acts of Parliament, bills and conventions.

• The monarch is a symbol of the unity of the nation. The UK has been united under the sovereign. And this tradition was broken only after the civil war  Republic (1649-1660).

• The Crown is passed to the eldest child of the sovereign.

• Now a monarch has a ceremonial role in the state affairs.

Functions

• Opening, summoning, dissolving the Parliament.

• Approving the appointment of the Prime Minister.

• Giving Royal Assent to the bills.

• Giving honours as peer grades, knighthoods, medals.

• Head of the Commonwealth.

• Head of the Church of England

• Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.

• Head of the Executive branch of the government.

• Head of the Judicial Body

But a monarch doesn’t make independent political decisions.

Elizabeth Alexandra Mary II (born on the 21^st of April 1926).

The Windsor dynasty. (1917)

Was Crowned on the 2^nd June 1953.

The predecessor – George VI.

The heir – Charles, the prince of Wales.

Royal Families

House of Wessex

Danish Line

House of Wessex, Restored

Plantagenet, Angevin Line

Plantagenet, Lancastrian Line

Plantagenet, Yorkist Line

House of Stuart

The Commonwealth

House of Stuart, Restored

House of Orange and Stuart

House of Stuart

House of Brunswick, Hanover Line

House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha

House of Windsor

Question 11: British Government

Plan:

S ystem of Government

Executive Judicial Legislative

The Cabinet Courts Parliament

Parliament

Was established by Edward I in 1265 to impose taxes.

Parliament
The House of Commons	The House of Lords
Consists of 646 elected members (MPs) The chairman – Speaker Prime Minister The MPs are elected by general election. The country is divided into 650 constituenciesMPs are elected for 5 years. Shadow cabinet	-Lords Temporals (hereditary peers) - life peers - law Lords (the Court of Appeal) - Lords Spirituals The chairman – Lord Chancellor

Function – to make a law.

Government

Function – to put the law into effect.

Prime Minister

the Cabinet.

Courts

As there is no written constitution  no criminal code.

British law comes from 2 sources – bills from Parliament

- previous traditions, customs and events.

Court of Appeal	High Court
Crown Court	Country Court
Magistrate Courts

Appeals are heard by higher court.

Some cases are referred to the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg.

There are also Juvenile Court

And Coroners’ Courts.