Adrenomimetic Drugs And Sympathomimetics

1. The acute attack of bronchial asthma had developed in patient who also suffers from angina pectoris. What broncholytic should be used in this case?

*A. Salbutamol.

B. Adrenaline hydrochloride.

C. Isadrinum (isoprenaline).

D. Euphyllinum (aminophyline).

E. Atropine sulfate.

2. The blood pressure had dropped in patient receiving the phthorotanum (halotane) narcosis. What drug can be used for correction of hypotension?

*A. Mesatonum (phenylephrine).

B. Noradrenaline.

C. Ephedrine.

D. Dopamine.

E. Adrenaline.

3. This drug stumulates adrenoreceptors. It is used in collapse, shock (except cardiogenic and haemorrhagic), heart arrest, hypoglycaemic coma. It is a drug of choice in anaphylactic shock. What is this drug called?

*A. Adrenaline (epinephrine).

B. Ephedrine.

C. Isadrinum (isoprenaline).

D. Naphthyzinum (naphazoline).

E. Noradrenaline (norepinephrine).

4. The frequent dripping of indirect adrenomimetic into the nose in rhinitis results to gradual decrease of vasoconstriction. What is this phenomenon called?

*A. Tachyphylaxis.

B. Allergy.

C. Cumulation.

D. Teratogenic action.

E. Idiosyncrasy.

5. Call the drug, which was introduced to patient for interruption of bronchospasm and has caused tachycardia and increase of blood pressure?

*A. Isadrinum (isoprenaline).

B. Proserinum.

C. Salbutamol.

D. Ventolinum.

E. Platyphyllin.

6. Acute bronchospasm developed in woman who also suffers from hypertonic disease. Prescribe the drug for interruption of acute attack of asthma for this woman.

*A. Salbutamol.

B. Adrenaline.

C. Euphyllinum.

D. Isadrinum.

E. Ephedrine.

7. A patient with acute rhinitis drips naphthyzinum (naphazoline) solution into the nose. Having felt improving of condition, patient has sped up the dropping every 15–20 minutes. But the improving does not develop. What is the cause of this phenomenon?

*A. Tachyphylaxis.

B. Drug dependence.

C. Potentiation.

D. Sensibilization.

E. Cumulation.

8. A patient has acute attack of bronchial asthma. The use of which drug is the physiologically substantiated for elimination of bronchospasm?

*A. Adrenaline.

B. Inderalum.

C. Phentolamine.

D. Obsidanum.

E. All answers are not correct.

9. What group has the mechanism of action, which is connected with accumulation of cAMP into the cells?

*A. β-adrenomimetics.

B. Analgesics.

C. Organic nitrates.

D. Sulfonamides.

E. Antineoplastic antibiotics.

10. This drug is selective agonist of β-adrenoceptors, introduced orally and in inhalation, does not influence the heart activity. It is used for interruption and prevention of bronchospasms. Call this drug.

*A. Salbutamol.

B. Astmopentum.

C. Ephedrine hydrochloride.

D. Isadrinum (isoprenaline).

E. Adrenaline hydrochloride.

11. A patient with rhinitis has dropped ephedrine solution into the nose. The oedema of mucous membranes has decreased. But in the result of frequent repeated introduction of solution the effect of drug has decreased up to complete disappearance. What is the cause of this phenomenon?

*A. Tachyphylaxis.

B. Individual tolerance to drug.

C. Adverse effect of drug.

D. Sensibilization to drug.

E. Introduction of drug by wrong route.

12. A doctor has introduced to patient the drug A. for interruption of acute asthma attack. In the result of this introduction tachycardia and increasing of blood pressure have developed. Call the drug A.

*A. Isadrinum (isoprenaline).

B. Euphyllinum.

C. Platyphyllin.

D. Proserinum.

E. Ventolinum.

13. Prescribe to patient with hypertensive disease the drug for prevention of acute attack of bronchial asthma.

*A. Salbutamol.

B. Adrenaline.

C. Mesatonum (phenylephrine).

D. Ephedrine.

E. Proserinum.

14. Call the adrenomimetic, which in therapeutic doses causes the increase of systemic blood pressure, mydriasis, and tachycardia.

*A. Adrenaline (epinephrine).

B. Noradrenaline (norepinephrine).

C. Mesatonum (phenylephrine).

D. Isadrinum (isoprenaline).

E. Salbutamol.

15. In the result of long-term using of fenoterol as broncholytic, its therapeutic activity has gradually decreased. What is the cause of tolerance developing?

*A. The decrease of β-adrenoceptors sensitivity.

B. The increase of drug interaction with plasma albumins.

C. The decrease of G_s-proteins amount.

D. The worsening of drug absorption.

E. The increase of drug elimination.

16. A patient with bronchial asthma after introduction of tablet of some drug under tongue has felt the accelerated heart rate. Call the drug, which patient has accepted.

*A. Isadrinum.

B. Salbutamol.

C. Papaverine.

D. Benzohexonium (hexamethonium).

E. Drotaverine (No-spa).

17. A patient made the inhalation of some drug for interruption of acute attack of bronchospasm. The injection of this drug is also used in obstetrics for prevention of premature labor. Call this drug.

*A. Fenoterol.

B. Isadrinum.

C. Adrenaline.

D. Ephedrine.

E. Euphyllinum.

18. A 45-year-old male suffers from bronchial asthma. The doctor has prescribed to him the drug in tablets, which improved the condition of male. But in some days the male began to complain of insomnia and increased blood pressure. What drug was prescribed to patient?

*A. Ephedrine.

B. Metacinium.

C. Salbutamol.

D. Isadrinum.

E. Papaverine.

19. Indicate the drug which is selective adrenomimetic and is used for short-term treatment of heart failure.

*A. Dobutamine.

B. Proserinum.

C. Anaprilinum (propranolol).

D. Mesatonum.

E. Adrenaline.

20. A patient with hypotension has felt the worsening of condition (dizziness, weakness, and shaky gait) and has accepted through short intervals of time several tablets of ephedrine. But some improving the patient has felt only after the first tablet. What is the cause of this phenomenon?

*A. Tachyphylaxis.

B. Idiosyncrasy.

C. Tolerance.

D. Sensibilization.

E. Cumulation.

21. The asthmatic status has developed in a patient. The doctor has prescribed drip intravenous introduction of adrenaline hydrochloride for elimination of bronchoconstriction. But its introduction has caused the worsening of condition (the increase of cyanosis, and hypoxia). What pathological mechanism is the cause of this phenomenon?

*A. The decrease of sensitivity of β₂-adrenoceptors to adrenaline in hypoxia condition.

B. The increase of histamine releasing.

C. The decrease of sensitivity of α-adrenoceptors to adrenaline.

D. The increase of sensitivity of β₂-adrenoceptors to adrenaline.

E. The increase of leucotrienes synthesis.

22. A patient with acute rhinitis frequently has dropped into nose 5% ephedrine solution. The efficacy of drug sharply has decreased and on the 3^rd day completely has disappeared. What is the cause of this phenomenon (tachyphylaxis)?

*A. The progressive decrease of noradrenaline storage in sympathetic nerves.

B. The increase of reuptake of mediator.

C. The infringement of mediator synthesis in sympathetic fibers.

D. The blockade of adrenoceptors.

E. The infringement of mediator releasing from depot.

23. The adrenaline action is directed to the activation of enzymes group with the purpose of receiving of energy. The main enzyme of this group is:

*A. Phosphokinase.

B. Phosphatase.

C. Phosphofructokinase.

D. Phosphomutase.

E. Phosphorilase.

24. The inhalation drug was prescribed to patient with bronchial asthma, which also suffers from angina pectoris. During the following inhalation the patient felt worsening of condition (tachycardia, pain in heart area with irradiation in the left shoulder). Choose the drug which can cause such adverse effects.

*A. Isadrinum.

B. Cromolyn sodium.

C. Fenoterol.

D. Euphyllinum.

E. Naphthyzinum.

25. A 13-year-old girl with history of asthma complained of cough, dyspnoea, and wheezing. Her symptoms became so severe that her parents brought her to the emergency room. Physical examination revealed diaphoresis, dyspnoea, tachycardia, and tachypnoea. Her respiratory rate was 42/min, pulse rate was 110 beats per minute, and blood pressure was 130/70 mm Hg. Choose from the following list the most appropriate drug to reverse the bronchoconstriction rapidly:

*A. Salbutamol.

B. Ipratropium.

C. Methylprednisolone.

D. Beclomethasone.

E. Cromolin sodium.

26. Spasm of smooth muscle of bronchi developed in the patient. Usage of activators of what membrane cytoreceptors is physiologically valid to decrease attack?

*A. -adrenoreceptors.

B. - and -adrenoreceptors.

C. M-cholinoreceptors.

D. H-cholinorceptors.

E. -adrenoreceptors.

27. A patient with bronchial asthma had been taking tablets which caused insomnia, headache, and increased blood pressure. What drug can cause such complication?

*A. Ephedrine.

B. Izadrine.

C. Euphylline.

D. Adrenaline.

E. Chromolin sodium.

28. An emergency doctor was called to a 40-year-old patient with bronchial asthma, who had an attack of bronchospasm with manifestations of angina pectoris. What drug is the most effective for the acute care?

*A. Salbutamolum.

B. Ephedrini hydrochloridum.

C. Adrenalini hydrochloridum.

D. Atropini sulfas.

E. Platyphyllini hydrotartras.

29. A patient came to a doctor complaining of health state deterioration. While waiting he had an attack of bronchial asthma. Drugs of what group are expedient for the first aid?

*A. -adrenoreceptor agonists.

B. N-cholinominetics.

C. M-cholinominetics.

D. Sympatholytics.

E. -adrenergic blockers.

30. During an operative intervention with additional use of hygronium the patient’s arterial pressure has sharply decreased. What groups of drugs can normalize arterial pressure in the given situation?

*A. -adrenomimetics.

B. -adrenergic blockers.

C. Ganglionic blockers.

D. M-cholinoblockers.

E. N-cholinomimetics.

31. A 63-year-old man was admitted to an emergency hospital in collaptoid state. In order to cure hypotension, the doctor chose noradrenaline hydrotartrate. What is the mechanism of the hypertensive action of this drug?

*A. Activation of ₁-adrenoceptors.

B. Activation of serotoninergic receptors.

C. Activation of -adrenoceptors.

D. Activation of dopamine receptors.

E. Inhibition of M-cholinoreceptors.

32. What therapeutic agent has such characteristics: synthetic catecholamine, stimulates ₁- and ₂-adrenoceptors, activates the work of the heart, determining the increase of the frequency of heart-beats. But it can lead to the suppression of birth activity and to the decrease of arterial pressure. It is a pharmacological antagonist of propranolol. What is this drug?

*A. Isadrinum.

B. Carbacholinum.

C. Aceclidinum.

D. Pilocarpini hydrochloridum.

E. Cytitonum.

33. With a diagnostic purpose (pupils dilation for the inspection of the eye ground) an ophthalmologist used 1% solution of mesatone. Mydriasis, brought on by the drug, is the result of:

*A. Activation of ₁-adrenoreceptors.

B. Activation of ₂-adrenoreceptors.

C. Blockade of _1­-adrenoreceptors.

D. Activation of ₁-adrenoreceptors.

E. Activation of M-cholinoreceptors.

34. A patient in the condition of acute circulatory collapse resulting from severe poisoning with unknown substance has been admitted to the hospital. What drug should be used for the acute care?

*A. Mesatonum.

B. Naphthyzinum.

C. Isadrinum.

D. Salbutamolum.

E. Propranololum.

35. A 42-year-old patient has bronchial asthma. To relieve the attacks of bronchospasm a doctor has prescribed salbutamol. What is its medicinal effect?

*A. Stimulation of ₂-adrenoreceptors.

B. Blockade of ₂-adrenoreceptors.

C. Stimulation of ₂-adrenoreceptors.

D. Stimulation of ₁-adrenoreceptors.

E. Stimulation of ₁-adrenoreceptors.

36. A patient has anaphylactic shock. From which of adrenoreceptor agonists is it possible to accept the maximal therapeutic effect?

*A. Adrenalini hydrochloridum.

B. Mesatonum.

C. Ephedrini hydrochloridum.

D. Noradrenalini hydrotartras.

E. Alupent.

37. A patient has a collaptoid state because of peripheral vessels tone decrease. What drug is the most effective in this situation?

*A. Mesatonum.

B. Proserinum.

C. Isadrinum.

D. Clophelinum.

E. Prazosinum.

38. A patient visiting a traumatologist had acute arterial hypotension. Which of the drugs stimulating adrenergic innervation would you suggest to use for the normalization of arterial pressure?

*A. Mesatonum.

B. Prazosinum.

C. Naphthyzinum.

D. Doxazosinum.

E. Xylomethazolum.

39. During the tooth extraction a patient had bleeding. The dentist imposed a tampon with a medicine, and the bleeding decreased. What drug was used by the doctor?

*A. Adrenalini hydrochloridum.

B. Isadrinum.

C. Naphthyzinum.

D. Octadinum.

E. Cromolyn sodium.

40. The broncholytic which stimulates the ₂-adrenergic receptors is prescribed to patient with obstructive bronchitis. Indicate this drug.

*A. Salbutamol.

B. Cromolyn sodium.

C. Euphyllinum.

D. Metacinum.

E. Prednisolon.

41. The anaphylactic shock has developed in patient during local anaesthesia concerning tooth extraction. Choose drug for interruption of this condition.

*A. Adrenaline hydrochloride.

B. Euphyllinum.

C. Cordiaminum.

D. Dimedrolum.

E. Atropine sulfate.

42. The acute vessels insufficiency has developed in a 58-year-old patient in the result of overdosing of vessels-widening drug. What drug should be used for elimination of this condition?

*A. Noradrenaline.

B. Euphyllinum.

C. Dopamine.

D. Cordiaminum.

E. Caffeine.

43. In experiments on live sections of a liver, the substance addition to medium solution has caused increasing of secretion of glucose. This substance effect is reduced by anaprilinum. What substance is it?

*A. Adrenaline.

B. Isadrinum.

C. Fenoterol.

D. Mesatonum.

E. Dobutamine.

44. A female with hypoglycaemic coma is delivered to urgent department. What drug should be prescribed to this patient?

*A. Adrenaline hydrochloride.

B. Pilocarpine hydrochloride.

C. Aminazine.

D. Biseptolum.

E. Clophelinum.

45. The broncholytic drug is prescribed to patient for prevention of bronchial asthma attacks. What drug is prescribed?

*A. Salbutamol.

B. Noradrenaline.

C. Metronidazole.

D. Proserinum.

E. Anaprilinum.

46. The bitten by a bee patient with signs of anaphylactic shock is delivered to emergency room. What drug should be introduced to patient?

*A. Adrenaline hydrochloride.

B. Isoniazid.

C. Clotrimazol.

D. Sulfadimethoxine.

E. Ranitidine.