- •Oxford Practice Grammar
- •1 What kind of word? (b)
- •2 What kind of word? (b)
- •3 Words in sentences (c)
- •1 Subject Verb
- •1 Parts of the sentence (a)
- •2 Sentence structure (a)
- •3 Word order (a)
- •4 Adverbials (b)
- •Indirect object or to? (a)
- •1 Form (b)
- •2 Form (b)
- •2 Forms (b-c)
- •3 Forms (b-c)
- •1 Present continuous or simple? (a-b)
- •2 Present continuous or simple? (a-c)
- •3 Always (d)
- •I like/I'm liking etc
- •1 States and actions (a)
- •3 The verb be (b)
- •1 Positive forms (b)
- •2 Positive forms (b)
- •3 Negatives and questions (c)
- •1 Form (b)
- •2 Form (b)
- •1 Past continuous or simple? (a-b)
- •2 Past continuous or simple? (a-b)
- •3 Past continuous or simple? (a-c)
- •B Form
- •C Irregular forms
- •1 Form (b)
- •2 Irregular forms (c)
- •3 Review (a-d)
- •1 Just (a)
- •2 Just, already and yet (a)
- •3 For and since (b)
- •4 For and since (b)
- •B Ever and never
- •C First time, second time, etc
- •1 Gone to or been to? (a)
- •6 I've done it. I did it yesterday.
- •2 I've done it. I did it yesterday. (b)
- •3 Structures with for, since and last (c)
- •It hasn't rained today.
- •1 I've been or I was? (a)
- •4 Present perfect or past simple? (Units 14 and 15)
- •23 Will and shall
- •24 Be going to
- •27 When I get there, before you leave, etc
- •28 Will be doing
- •29 Will have done and was going to
- •1 Will have done (a)
- •2 Will have done (a)
- •3 Was going to (b)
- •4 Was going to (b)
- •39 Who, what or which?
- •1 What or which? (a)
- •2 What or which? (a)
- •3 Who, what or which? (b)
- •43 So/Neither do I and I think so
- •3 I think so, etc (b)
- •49 Should, ought to, had better and be supposed to
- •52 Will, would, shall and should
- •53 It may/could/must have been, etc
- •1 I was given ... (a)
- •2 It is said that... (b)
- •3 He is said to... (c)
- •58 Have something done
- •1 Have something done (a-b)
- •2 Have something done (a-b)
- •3 Get something done (c)
- •59 To be done and being done
- •63 Like, start, etc
- •64 Remember, regret, try, etc
- •1 It is easy to drive the car (b)
- •2 The car is easy to drive (c)
- •3 Certain, sure and likely (d)
- •71 Afraid to do or afraid of doing?
- •1 Afraid (a)
- •2 Afraid (a)
- •3 Afraid, anxious, ashamed and interested (a-b)
- •4 Sorry (c)
- •72 Used to do and be used to doing
- •74 See it happen or see it happening?
- •1 See it happen (b)
- •2 See it happening (c)
- •3 See it happen or see it happening? (d)
- •77 A carton of milk, a piece of information, etc
- •1 A carton of milk (a)
- •2 A man/he and the man/someone (c)
- •85 A/an, one and some
- •4 Some (d)
- •86 Cars or the cars?
- •87 Prison, school, bed, etc
- •1 Prison or the prison? (a)
- •88 On Friday, for lunch, etc
- •89 Quite a, such a, what a, etc
- •2 So and such (c)
- •4 What (d)
- •91 This, that, these and those
- •92 My, your, etc and mine, yours, etc
- •94 Some and any
- •95 A lot of, lots of, many, much, (a) few and (a) little
- •96 All, half, most, some, no and none
- •97 Every, each, whole, both, either and neither
- •3 Each other (b)
- •103 Everyone, something, etc
- •106 The old, the rich, etc
- •107 Interesting and interested
- •Interesting.
- •1 Less (a)
- •2 Much faster (b)
- •3 Faster and faster (c)
- •4 The faster, the better (d)
- •114 Yet, still and already
- •3 Very cold, really hurting, etc (b-d)
- •116 Quite and rather
- •3 Quite or rather? (c)
- •117 Too and enough
- •121 For, since, ago and before
- •122 During or while? By or until? As or like?
- •1 During or while? (a)
- •2 By or until? (b)
- •3 As or like? (c)
- •71 Afraid, anxious, ashamed, interested, sorry 72 Used to
- •2 Good, bad, etc (c)
- •1 Tell/ask someone to do something (a)
- •148 If, when, unless and in case
- •1 If or when? (b)
- •2 If and unless (c)
- •3 If and unless (c)
- •4 In case (d)
- •5 If, when, unless and in case (b-d)
- •149 Wish and if only
- •150 But, although and in spite of
- •2 Although (b)
- •3 In spite of and although (e)
- •4 But, although, even though, in spite of and despite (a-e)
- •5 Although, even though, in spite of and despite (a-e)
- •151 To, in order to, so that and for
- •Verbs with prepositions and adverbs
6 I've done it. I did it yesterday.
Trevor: We've bought a new car.
Tom: Oh, have you? What sort?
Laura: An Adagio. We bought it last week.
We often give a piece of news in the present perfect, e.g. We've bought a new car. (The car is ours now.) We use the past simple, e.g. We bought it last week, to give details or to ask for details about things such as when and where it happened.
Here are some more examples.
I've found my wallet. ~ Oh, good. Where did you find it?
Your parcel has arrived. The postman brought it at eight o'clock.
They've closed the factory. ~ Really? When did they do that?
C Structures with for, since and last
PRESENT PERFECT
PAST SIMPLE
We can say that something hasn't happened for a long time or since a specific time in the past.
We haven't had a party for ages.
We haven't had a party since Christmas.
We can say that it is a long time since something happened or when was the last time it happened.
It's ages since we last had a party.
Christmas was the last time we had a party.
14 Exercises
1 I have done or I did? (A)
Put in the correct verb form.
I've done (I / do) all the housework. The flat is really clean now.
A young couple bought (buy) the house next door. But they didn't live there long.
Our visitors……………………………. (arrive). They're sitting in the garden.
There's still a problem with the television. Someone (repair) it,
but then it broke down again.
3………………………… (I / lose) my bank card. I can't find it anywhere.
The match………………………… .. (start). United are playing well.
My sister………………………….. (run) away from home. But she came back two days later.
Daniel………………………….. (earn) some money last week. But I'm afraid he's already spent it all.
………………………..(we / plant) an apple tree in the garden. Unfortunately it died.
Prices……………. (go) up. Everything is more expensive this year.
Someone……………………. (turn) on the hi-fi. What's that song called?
(I / phone) the office at eleven to speak to the manager, but he isn't there today.
(I / make) a cake. Would you like a piece?
12 The runner Amos Temila…………………………… (break) the world record for the 1500 metres in Frankfurt. Then two days later in Helsinki, Lee Williams ran it in an even faster time.
2 I've done it. I did it yesterday. (b)
Things that have happened today are on the radio and TV news. Give the news using the present perfect and past simple.
► the Prime Minister / visit Luton University / speak to students there / earlier today The Prime Minister has visited Luton University. He spoke to students there earlier today.
the train drivers / go on strike / stop work / at twelve o'clock
the Queen / arrive in Toronto / fly there / in an RAF aircraft
two men / escape from Parkhurst Prison / get away / during the night
the actor Howard Bates / die in a car accident / his car / crash into a wall
Linda [ones / win the women's marathon / run it / in 2 hours 27 minutes