2. Непряма мова (Reported Speech).

Коли ми хочемо передати чиїсь слова (слова автора), потрібно вживати неряму мову.

Дуже важливо звернути увагу на те, як міняються граматичні часи у вживанні прямої та непрямої мов:

ПРЯМА МОВА НЕПРЯМА МОВА

1) Present Simple ----------- Past Simple

Eg. Does she work here? He asked if she worked there.

Проте, у розмовній мові допускається використання у непрямій мові Present Simple Tense.

Eg. Maria: “I feel confident about the interview”(пряма мова) --- Maria says that she feels confident about the interview.(непряма мова)

2) Present Continuous ------------ Past Continuous

Eg. The yen is going to fall --- He said the yen was going to fall against the dollar.

against the dollar.

3) Past Simple ------------- Past Perfect

Eg. I saw the news on TV. ---- He told us he had seen the news on TV.

4) Present Perfect --------------- Past Perfect

Eg. Someone has taken my --- She said someone had taken her mobile phone.

mobile phone.

5) Future Simple -------------- Future in the past

Eg. I’ll do it tomorrow. --- He said he would do that the next day.

6)Модальні дієслова змінюються наступним чином:

Can – could, will – would, may – might, must – had to

Eg. I must pay my phone bill. - He said he had to pay his phone bill.

Ті модальні дієслова, які не мають форми минулого часу, не змінюються.

Eg. I might come later. – He said he might come later.

Увага! У прямій мові є ряд слів, які обов’язково необхідно змінити в непрямій мові:

I – he/she, ours – theirs, today – that day, yesterday – the day before, tomorrow – the next day, this – that, here – there;

II. Тема для співбесіди:Jobs and Career

Перекладіть текст рідною мовою та готуйтесь його переказувати.

What does work mean to people? A person’s occupation can say a great deal about him as a person. “He is a accountant”, “She is a teacher” conjure up a whole range of expected attributes – ways of talking, thinking, behaving, etc. – in the minds of those who ask the question. Occupation is also a powerful determinant of social status – the prestige, positive or negative judgement a person has in the eyes of others.

It has been argued that not having an occupation diminishes a person in the eyes of others. Do you work or are you just a housewife? Unemployed people often find themselves viewed by others as failures.

It’s not so easy to find a good job. Looking for a job means selling yourself. The more facts you know about yourself, the better job you will be able to get. Your prosperous employers would be interested to know about your education, qualifications, skills, interests, and previous job experience. If you don’t have accurate information or if you are uncertain about it, you’ll produce a poor impression. Your personal information is needed each time you look for a job during your lifetime. If you organize your facts now, you can simply update them as you get more experience. The following steps will help you to gather all necessary information and make the process of job searching much more easy.

1. Self-evaluation. You should start with identifying your interests and evaluating your qualifications. It will help you to realize what you like and dislike, and what kind of work you really want to do.

2. Application letter. It is sometimes called “a covering letter” because it is sent with a C.V. in the same envelope. The main reason for sending your application letter is to motivate an employer to meet with you.

3. Resume- a summary of education, work experience, and qualifications.

4. Letter of recommendation- it is written to present an honest evaluation of the applicant personality and to give characteristics of his working abilities and qualifications. Letter of recommendation is written only in positive.

5. Application form- it is a printed piece of paper on which you write the answers to questions about yourself, and why you should get a job.

6. Job interview– a meeting to decide if a person is suitable for a job.

Варіант 1

Grammar