- •Immune system
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Simple tenses (revision)
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Immune system
- •Immunity
- •Overview
- •Lesson 44
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Functions of “one”
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Overview
- •Lesson 45
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Infinitive and its forms
- •Інфінітив у формі|у формі| Continuous| виражає тривалу дію, що відбувається одночасно з дією, вираженою дієсловом-присудком:
- •Інфінітив у формі|у формі| Perfect| виражає|виказує,висловлює| дію, що передує дії, вираженій дієсловом-присудком:
- •Subjective infinitive construction
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Endocrine system
- •Ex. 16. Translate the text “Endocrine System” into Ukrainian.
- •Endocrine glands
- •Functions of hormones
- •Ex. 34. Speak on the some endocrine glands using obtained data. You may use the following expressions:
- •Thyroid gland
- •Overview
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar:
- •Objective infinitive construction
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Diabetes mellitus
- •Insulin injection
- •Medication
- •Overview
- •Unit 4 lesson 49 nervous system
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Nervous system
- •Various forms of nerve cells.
- •Spinal cord
- •Overview
- •Lesson 50
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Sequence of tenses
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Ex. 20. Read the following abstract and write down all unknown medical terms. Translate them with the aid of dictionary. Tell about the hypothalamic functions: hypothalamus
- •Human brain and its functions
- •What is wonderful about the brain?
- •Overview
- •Lesson 51
- •Vocabulary
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Disorders of nervous system
- •Infections
- •Ex. 8. Read and memorize the following words:
- •Degenerative disorders
- •Ex. 16. Write the summary of the text "Degenerative Disorders" overview
- •Lesson 52
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Adverbs
- •Reading and developing speaking skills Ex. 4. Read the vocabulary and memorize new words. Ex. 5. Insert the missing letters, read the following words and translate them:
- •Accessory structures
- •Eye placement
- •Overview
- •Lesson 53
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Noun as attribute
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Ear disorders
- •Communicating with a hearing-impaired person
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •What is your skin type
- •Ex. 22. Read and translate the following text: skin disorders
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Objective participle construction
- •The Objective Participle Construction перекладається підрядним реченням зі сполучником “як”: I saw them walking along the street.Я бачив, як вони йшли по вулиці.
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Urinary system
- •Ex. 20. Make up a dialogue on the urinary system.
- •Functions of urinary system
- •Fluid excretion
- •Kidneys
- •Ex. 26. Describe the structure of kidney using the following figure:
- •Ex. 27 Describe kidneys’ functions. The following expressions may be helpful:
- •Ex. 28. Write the summary of the text "Kidneys".
- •Overview
- •Lesson 57
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Functions of the verb “to have”
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Kidneys disorders
- •Kidney stones
- •Ex. 23. Pronounce and memorize the words to the theme studied:
- •Kidney transplantation
- •Overview
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Ing- form of the verb:
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Pregnancy
- •Food and nutrition during pregnancy
- •Development of the organ systems
- •Signs of pregnancy
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar: simple tenses (revision)
- •Reading and developing skills
- •Death; embryo; adolescent; occur; amount; achieve; subsequent; myelin sheath; push; raise; grasp; listen; quietly; laugh; loud.
- •First year after birth
- •Development during the preschool years
- •School years
What is wonderful about the brain?
Inside your head there is a remarkable organ, the brain. You use it to understand and remember things that (1) around you. The brain is soft and spongy. It (2) of billions of tiny parts called cells. Three coats or membranes (3) the brain.
The brain sometimes (4) the busiest communication center in the world. The brain (5) your body functions and keeps all parts of your body working together. Thousands of messages from all parts of the body (6) to and from the brain. Messages (7) to the brain by sensory nerves. Special places, or centers, on the brain receive sensory messages from all parts of the body. When messages (8) by centers, the brain (9) them.
All day long your muscles and your brain (10). By the end of the day they (11). Then your brain and your muscles (12) to relax. Before long, you go to sleep. As you sleep, the big muscles in your body relax.
are happened; are happening.
is made up; made up.
is covered; cover.
is called; calls.
is controlled; controls.
send; are being sent.
are carried; was carried.
are received; will receive.
is interpreted; interprets.
(10) are worked; are working.
(11) have be tired; are tired.
(12) are started; start.
Ex. 24. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Головний мозок міститься у порожнині черепа. 2. Середня маса головного мозку становить 1100-1800 г. 3. Довгастий мозок і міст є частинами мозкового стовбура. 4. У довгастому мозку біла речовина розташована на поверхні, а в середині міститься сіра речовина. 5. Передня та задня частини мосту утворені сірою і білою речовинами. 6. Довгастий мозок і міст виконують рефлекторну та провідну функції. 7. Мозочок розташований позаду від довгастого мозку та мосту. Він складається із сірої та білої речовини. 8. На поверхні мозочка сіра речовина утворює кору мозочка.
Ex. 25. Speak on the structure and functions of the brain.
Overview
The brain is that part of the CNS located within the cranial vault. The major regions of the brain are the cerebrum, the thalamus and hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata, and cerebellum. The brain is responsible for control of coordination, learning, memory, emotion, and thought. The brain is connected to the spinal cord by the brain stem. Brain stem is composed of the medulla, the pons, and midbrain. The brain stem controls breathing and circulation of blood. Cranial nerves exit from the brain stem to control muscles of the face, eyes, tongue, ears, and throat. Control of the muscles of the right side of the body is in the left hemisphere of the brain, and muscles of the left side of the body are controlled by the right hemisphere of the brain. The linking of higher brain functions with cerebral areas is a very active field of research.
Lesson 51
DISORDERS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
Vocabulary
vulnerable ['vAlnqrqbl] уразливий stroke [strouk] інсульт, порушення мозкового кровообігу seizure ['sI:Zq] напад, епілепсія neuralgia [nju'rxlGq] невралгія consciousness ['kOnSqsnIs] свідомість impair [Im'pFq] погіршувати, ослаблювати, знижувати, зменшувати excitation ["eksI'teISqn] активізація, збудження inhibition [InhI'bIS(q)n] стримання, гальмування |
disrupt [dIs'rApt] порушити grand mal seizure великий (судорожний) епілептичний напад rigidity [rI'GItI] ригідність, заціпенілість, негнучкість identify [aI'dentIfaI] встановлювати nevertheless ["neveD(q)'lqs] проте, однак reduce [rI'dju:s] послаблювати, знижувати, скорочувати, зменшувати improve [Im'pruv] поліпшувати avoid [q'vOId] уникати, застерігати lack [lxk] брак, відсутність bracelet ['breIslIt] браслет |