5. Прочтите 5-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:

What should we remember about robots?

Вариант 5

1. перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям (см. образец выполнения 1).

1. The storage of a computer is known to be divided into individual units called cells, each of which being capable of storing numbers or instructions.

2. Industry must recognize that a graduate will need training in the specific area in which he is working, and must also be prepared to encourage him to attend continuing education courses and / or seminars and conferences as appropriate.

3. It is hard to enumerate all the problems facing our engineers and designers in the development of flexible productions.

2. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) причастных оборотов (см. Образец выполнения 3).

1. Being the cheapest of the metals cast iron is widely used everywhere.

2. A neutron is a particle having the same mass as a proton but carrying no electrical charge.

3. Metals being used in industry in the form of alloys have better properties than pure metals.

3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения. Обратите внимание на то, как переводятся условные предложения (см. Образец выполнения 3).

1. If all the people of the world counted the atoms in a drop of water they would not be able to finish their work even in ten thousand years.

2. If one knows the dimensions of the body he will calculate easily its volume.

3. If successful development in electronics had not been achieved we shouldn’t have applied a broad scale of automation now.

4. Прочтите и устно переведите с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3 и 4-й абзацы.

ENERGY CONVERTERS

1. The bulk of our electricity is produced by conventional energy converters that are based on mechanical, indirect conversion of energy. The chemical energy of our fossil fuels is first converted into heat energy. The heat energy is converted by turbines into mechanical energy which, in turn, produces electricity by generators.

2. The efficiency of these systems is low - the step involving the generation of mechanical energy results in a 70 percent loss of energy. As a consequence of this, for many years scientists and engineers have been seeking ways to convert energy directly into electricity without the use of an intermediate mechanical energy converter.

3. It is interesting to note that not one of the advanced methods of direct energy conversion is really new in theory. These concepts were developed a long time ago, along with the development of classical physics. But to make these ideas work required a technological sophistication that became available only in the past few decades.

4. The main groups of direct energy converters are the photoelectric, thermoelectric, thermionic, magnetohydrodynamic, and electrochemical devices. Their names indicate the physical processes by which they work. The converters listed above are those by which we now can produce electric energy in quantities sufficient for practical use.

5. Other physical effects producing electricity are piezoelectric, piroelectric, fission-electric, thermomagnetic, and chemomagnetic effects. These produce small amounts of current and are used mainly in scientific measuring devices rather than as energy producers.