- •Political science
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with words from the text.
- •5. Find the statements which are not true to the text.
- •6. Translate the following sentences in writing paying attention to underlined words and emphatic constructions.
- •7. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words from the text.
- •5 . Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •6. Translate the following sentences in writing into Russian paying attention to different functions of the verb «to be».
- •7. Translate the following sentences in writing into Russian:
- •Make up a short summary of the text.
- •Compare the u.S. Constitution with that of Russia. Speak on their advantages and disadvantages.
- •10. Read the text and render its content in Russian:
- •1. Read and translate the text
- •2 . Answer the following questions.
- •3. Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words from the text.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Find the beginning for the following endings.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with words from the text.
- •5. Find in the text the definitions of the meanings of the following words. Translate them into Russian in writing.
- •6. Translate the following sentences in writing paying attention to the underlined words and constructions.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words from the text.
- •5. Find in the text the definitions of the following terms.
- •6. Translate the following sentences in writing paying attention to the underlined words and constructions.
- •8. Compare the system of checks and balances of the us with that of Russia. Pay attention to the differences in these systems. The plan below may be helpful.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Insert the English equivalents used in the text.
- •Political Parties
- •Give the general idea of the text.
- •Read the following joke and retell it:
- •12. Read the article and do the tasks that follow it:
- •13. Answer the following questions:
- •14. Agree or disagree with the following:
- •16. Review the article.
- •17. Read and translate the article:
- •20. Answer the following questions:
- •21. Find in the article the facts to prove that:
- •22. Read the following quotations by Churchill:
- •23. Review the article.
- •I . Read and translate the text:
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •IV. Find in the text the facts to prove that:
- •V II. Could you give any examples from history or your personal experience when «the rule of law» works? do you support the idea that «the law is the highest judge»?
- •VIII. Read the following item and render its idea in russian:
- •X . Answer the following questions:
- •Xl agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •XII. Divide the text into logical parts, make up an outline of the text and speak on the text in accordance with your outline. Word study
- •I. Give russian equivalents for:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •Word study
- •V. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •Word study
- •Authority
- •The state
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •Word study
- •IV. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •Word study
- •III. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •Word study
- •The philosophical tradition
- •The empirical tradition
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •Word study
- •I I. Answer the following questions.
- •Word study
- •T he Evolution of Pluralism
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •Word study
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •IX. Complete the following sentences:
- •XXIII. Answer the following questions:
- •Word study
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •Word study
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •Text IV
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •XIII. Answer the following questions:
- •In children (by Christine Russell)
- •XXIII. Answer the following questions:
- •Text VI
- •Text VII
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •Word study
- •T ext VIII
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •Postmodern tv (by Steven Connor)
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
III. Complete the following sentences:
Chancellor Bismarck said that politics is not a science but ... .
The word 'politics' is derived from ... .
Athens was portrayed as ... .
People are said to be 'in politics' when ... .
To study politics means to study ... .
David Easton defined politics as ... .
Polity is a system of ... .
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'Nonpolitical' institutions are those which,... .
Politicians are described as ... .
Politicians are often seen as ... .
Mass media play a significant role in ... .
A negative view of politics is sometimes present because ... .
IV. CONTRADICT THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS:
It was Plato who said, «Politics is not a science but an art».
This classical definition of politics developed from the original meaning of the term in Ancient Rome.
The largest and most influential city-state in those times was Miletus.
It was Bismarck who defined politics as the 'authori tative allocation of values'.
Politics is what takes place within any institution.
Civil servants are seen as political along with politi cians.
Politicians are always seen as intelligent and loyal people without any ambitions.
It was David Easton who in his work The Prince de veloped a strictly realistic account of politics.
N. Machiavelli said, «Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely».
V. DIVIDE THE TEXT INTO LOGICAL PARTS AND MAKE UP AN OUTLINE OF THE TEXT.
VI. SPEAK ON THE TEXT.
VII. FIND IN THE TEXT ALL PASSIVE CONSTRUC TIONS AND TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES INTO RUSSIAN.
VIII. FIND IN THE TEXT PARTICIPLE AND GERUND AND TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES INTO RUSSIAN.
Part II
Political science
IX. TRANSLATE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES. PAY ATTENTION TO THE FUNCTIONS OF PARTICIPLE AND GERUND:
T here is a unity in the world, but it is a unity result ing from diversity.
The most fruitful, the most plausible, and at once the simplest and most flexible way was that discovered by Locke.
Following up this line of speculation Berkeley was led to postulate another mode of cognition.
He took the course of doubting everything except that which was clearly indubitable.
However two points are already worth noting.
Descartes said that philosophy should begin by ac cepting only that which cannot possibly be doubted.
Word study
I. GIVE RUSSIAN EQUIVALENTS FOR THE FOLLOW ING ENGLISH WORDS:
To perpetuate; to seek to do something; to amount to; to advance; to be engaged in; to narrow; to conceal; to abuse; to argue; to abolish; to be rooted; to exploit; to trace back; to treat; to hold public office; to bring to light; to give rise to; to bring to an end.
II. ARRANGE THE FOLLOWING WORDS INTO PAIRS OF SYNONYMS:
to try
description
disclosure
sphere
a benefit
distribution
to produce
besides
influence
allocation
impact
advantage
to seek
an account
exposure
realm
to give rise to
by the same token
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III. TRANSLATE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO RUSSIAN. SEE HOW YOU TRANSLATE THE WORDS «ADVANTAGE» AND «DISADVANTAGE». CONSULT YOUR DICTIONARY.
Take advantage of the sun before the rain comes back.
I found myself at a disadvantage in the argument.
And suddenly he saw how he could use this to his advantage.
The younger brother has an advantage over the old er: he's more intelligent.
He took advantage of every opportunity to practice the piano.
He had the advantage of first-rate education.
He was determined to take full advantage of the offer.
Many of the disadvantages of the scheme were quite
clear.
9) Their team is going to lose. They're clearly at a dis advantage.
IV. TRANSLATE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES. PAY ATTENTION TO DIFFERENT MEANINGS OF THE WORD «VIEW». CONSULT YOUR DICTIONARY.
In my view, the problem doesn't exist at all.
The speaker stood in full view of the crowd.
He stated his views on the matter.
What had you in views when you said that?
He is a man of strong political views.
I have a different point of view.
The latest summer fashions are now on view in the big shops.
His views on war and peace have changed after the
elections.
V. TRANSLATE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES. PAY ATTENTION TO THE MEANINGS OF THE WORDS «AUTHORITY» AND «POWER», GIVEN BELOW.
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Part II
Political science
P ower: 1. могущество, власть, влияние;
полномочие
держава Authority: 1. власть
власти (мн. число)
полномочие
авторитет, крупный специалист 1.I have no authority to take a decision.
Не has an authority in this field.
State nursery schools come under Local Education Authorities.
Stability in the world greatly depends on the goodwill of the Great Powers.
According to the principles of democracy all legisla tive power must belong to Parliament.
Congress makes all laws and Congress has the power to introduce legislation.
The Monarch continued to be at the center of execu tive power.
As head of state the Monarch has the power to sign international agreements.
The Queen in Parliament represents the supreme au thority within the United Kingdom.
10. Later many powers were transferred to the Cabinet.
VII. DISCUSSION
Look through the texts and answer the following questions:
Aristotle (384-22BC)
Greek philosopher. Aristotle was a student of Plato and tutor of the young Alexander the Great. He established his own school of philosophy in Athens in 335 ВС; this was called the 'peripatetic school' after his tendency to walk up and down as he talked. His 22 surviving treatises, compiled as lecture notes, range over logic, physics, metaphysics, astronomy, meteorology, biology, ethnic and politics. In
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Учебное пособие для философов и политологов
the Middle Ages, Aristotle's work became the foundation of Islamic philosophy, and it was later incorporated into Christian theology. His best known political work is Politics, a study of the ideal constitution.
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)
Italian politician and author. The son of a civil lawyer. Machiavelli's knowledge of public life was gained from a sometimes precarious existence in politically unstable Florence. He served as Second Chancellor (1498-1512), and was dispatched on missions to France, Germany and throughout Italy. After a brief period of imprisonment and the restoration of Medici rule, Machiavelli embarked on a literary career. His major work, The Prince, published in 1531, drew heavily upon his first-hand observations of the statecraft of Cesare Borgia and the power politics that dominated his period. It was written as a guide for the future prince of a united Italy. The adjective 'Machiavellian' subsequently came to mean 'cunning and duplicitous'.
Notes:
treatise — трактат
duplicitous — двуличный
precarious — Опасный
What contribution did Aristotle make to philosophy?
What writings are mentioned here? 3)What is Machiavelli's contribution?
What problems did Machiavelli and Aristotle discuss that unite them?
What influenced the difference in treating the same problems by Machiavelli and Aristotle?
Where can we trace the influence of Aristotle's work?
What idea do you have when using the adjective 'Mach iavellian'?
VIII. LOOK THROUGH THE FOLLOWING DEFINITIONS OF THREE WORDS AND MAKE UP A PLAN FOR DISCUSSION.
Part II
Political science
P ower
Power, in its broadest sense, is the ability to achieve a desired outcome, and it is sometimes referred to in terms of the 'power' to do something. This includes everything from the ability to keep oneself alive to the ability of government to promote economic growth. In politics, however, power is usually thought of as a relationship, that is, as the ability to influence the behaviour of others in a manner not of their choosing. It is referred to in terms of having 'power' over people. More narrowly, power may be associated with the ability to punish or reward, bringing it close to force or manipulation, in contrast to 'influence', which also encompasses rational persuasion.