Научно-технический словарь

Завершаться [см. тж. Прекращаться]

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Завершаться [см. тж. Прекращаться]

The setting of the casing was accomplished (or brought to completion) in 24 hours. The entire job was complete(d) (or accomplished, or finished) in 5 days.

This research has culminated in the discovery of...

The new series would conclude with a decreasing geometric progression

The final splashdown (приводнение) of Apollo 17 brought to a close (завершило) the first exploration of the Moon's surface.

This work culminated in the Nobel Prize for the investigators. Erosion must always end in deposition.

Завершаться успехом

The search met with success.

Завершающая стадия [см. На завершающем этапе].

Завершение [см. тж. Окончание, Приближаться к завершению]

The completion of the reaction ...

In order to expedite completion (завершение строительства) of the building ...

Завершён

To determine when the reaction is com-plete(d) ...

Завёрнут в

Each cup is wrapped in paper.

Завинчивание

Driving (or Screwing in) screws and studs...

Завинчивать [см. тж. Туго

завинчивать]

The cutters are clamped up by screwing in screws B.

The base of the trap can be screwed on by hand.

Зависеть от [см. тж. Значительно зависеть от, Не зависеть от, Обусловливаться, От которого зависит]

An understanding of ... is contingent on a knowledge of...

The choice of buffer is dictated by the values of the various dissociation constants. Such methods must rely on the development of techniques that ...

The length and weight of the drag rope are functions of the size of the balloon.

The location of the base line is counting-rate dependent (зависит от скорости учёта). The length of the casing is dependent (or depends) (up)on the delay factor.

The plasma volume is determined by this equilibrium.

The material of the electrode is governed by the nature of the material to be separated. The vigour of the reaction is governed by the proportion of chromic acid.

The decision lies with the management.

The monomeric frequency is strongly solvent dependent (зависит от растворителя).

Here h0 is temperature dependent.

The direction of motion of these molecules depends on the sign of the detuning of the laser frequency.

The properties of clay materials are controlled by at least five major factors.

The understanding of the structures of chemical compounds hinges on the understanding of the electronic configuration of the elements.

Зависеть от давления

The permeability of a vapour is pressure dependent (or depends on pressure).

Зависеть от ... в отношении

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Зависеть от ... в отношении

These schemes depend for their success on the proper choice of certain parameters. All of these new methods depend on the properties of gases for their operation.

Зависеть от температуры

The virial coefficients are temperature dependent.

Зависеть от того, как

The manner in which the load is deposited depends (up)on how the inflow decelerates.

Зависеть от того, является ли он

Many properties of molecules depend on whether they are polar or nonpolar.

Зависимость [см. В зависимости от, Изменяться в зависимости от, Соотношение].

Зависимость между [см. тж. Взаимосвязь]

The conductivity-concentration relationship of a DNA sample ...

Test data show a direct relationship between CO2 content and pH.

Зависимость от давления

The pressure dependence of the boiling point is given by the Clapeyron equation.

Зависимость от г и т. п.

The z-dependence of the field amplitudes...

Зависяишй от

This is a complicated property dependent (or depending) on many factors.

Зависящий от времени

Integration is a time-dependent operation.

Зависящий от погоды

Infrared transmission may be weather dependent.

Зависящий от температуры

The number of such reactions is strongly temperature dependent.

Заводские условия [см. В заводских условиях].

Завоёвывать всеобщее признание

Dalton's atomic theory won (or gained) general acceptance (or recognition).

Завоевывать всё большую популярность по сравнению с

The molecular-orbital approach has steadily gained favour over the valence-bond treatment.

Завоёвывать мировую славу

He had won international recognition for his system of ...

Завоёвывать популярность

These devices are rapidly gaining (in) popularity.

Завоёвывать права гражданства

In 1949 giant computers were coming into their own.

Structural bonding is rapidly taking its place along with bolting, rivetting, welding, and brazing as a method of fastening.

Another on-the-horizon development that is gaining ground is the laser.

Завоёвывать признание

These tanks are gaining acceptance for in-plant storage. This design has gained (or won) recognition.

Завоёвывать принадлежащее ему по праву место

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Завоёвывать принадлежащее ему по праву место

The furnace is assuming its right place in the production line.

Завоёвывать прочное положение

These starters have become firmly established as the most advanced ...

Завоёвывать широкое признание

This idea gained wide (spread) acceptance (or recognition). Wrap the part with (or in) asbestos cloth.

Загадочный

The puzzling longevity of giant molecular clouds could be attributed to ...

Загибать по радиусу

The metal strip is bent round a small radius.

Загибаться кверху

The curves bend upwards.

Заглатывать или вдыхать

This amount of plutonium is considered hazardous for ingestion or inhalation.

Заглушать взрыв

Underground explosions can be muffled.

Заглядывать в

If you consider (or consult) Table 6,...

Let us look into the history of ...

If you refer to a chart, you will notice that...

Before you can proceed with ... blueprints must be consulted.

Заглядывать в будущее

In closing let me look to the future.

Заглядывать глубже в

Ample references have been provided for those interested to delve deeper into the mathematics of shock wave behaviour.

Загнут вниз

The equilibrium line is curved downwards.

Загнуть [см. Загибать по радиусу].

Загонять заклёпку

Driving rivets in sheet metal...

Загораться [см. тж. Воспламеняться]

Eventually the material reaches an ignition point and bursts into flame (or ignites). The oil well caught fire recently.

Загораться ... пламенем

Each drop will burst into a greenish flame.

Заготовка из чистого материала

Since filled and pigmented fluorocarbon can be more abrasive than virgin stock, longer tool life will result if...

Загружать печь рудой

The furnace is charged with ore.

Загружаться в

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Загружаться в

In this process molten metal is charged into an open-hearth furnace.

Загруженный [см. Вновь загруженный].

Загрязнение [см. тж. Воздействие загрязнений на человека, Вызывать загрязнение, Не допускать загрязнения]

This water is chlorinated to prevent slimes from fouling plant units. Fouling may be severe.

Industrial pollution of our environment by nonradioactive but toxic substances ...

Загрязнение атмосферы

Atmospheric contamination (or pollution) from surrounding industrial plants ...

Загрязнение, вызванное человеком

Then we shall be better able to understand how man-made pollutants are distributed in the ocean.

Загрязнение окружающей среды [см. тж. Организация по борьбе с загрязнением окружающей среды] Pollution (or Contamination) of the environment.

Environmental pollution is reduced by economical spraying of plants (растений).

Загрязнение от автомобильных газов

Automobile(-exhaust) pollution.

Загрязнённый

The surface will become contaminated by this material. The highly polluted air of an industrial city...

Загрязнитель от автомашин

NOx is one of the most difficult automotive pollutants to control.

Загрязнять [см. тж. Не загрязнять окружающую среду]

Glue used in bonding the pattern has a low ash content so that it won't foul metal in the mould.

Загрязняться

This water is now being contaminated (or polluted) by the addition of human and industrial waste products.

Загрязняющий газ

Pollutant gases pose threats.

Загущать

When necessary, the solution is thickened with gelatine.

Задаваемая задача [см. Задача, задаваемая компьютеру].

Задавать

The upper limit may be preset (or specified, or preassigned, or prescribed) according to the requirements.

This line is given by two simultaneous equations. The diagonal points are given by

p =( Aa + Bb) / (A + B).

Задавать значение

It will be desirable to set the limit values without measurement.

Задаваться

The vector field is given by the following expression: ...

Задан

Y = constant may be specified by a straight line.

Задан произвольно

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Any point on the plane can be specified by a pair of coordinates (A, B).

Задан произвольно

This value may be prescribed (or assigned) arbitrarily.

Заданная величина

A prescribed (or predetermined, or preassigned, or preset, or specified) value.

Заданный [см. тж. Данный, Заранее установленный, При заданном]

At designated pressure and temperature conditions ...

The yw-plane in which z is less than a given number...

These systems are designed to meet certain specifications under given conditions. The book is trimmed to prearranged size.

Prearranged schedule.

A relief valve, set at a predetermined (or preassigned) working pressure, spills the excess back to the reservoir.

If wear exceeds prescribed (or preset, or preselected) limits, the camshaft should be replaced. Torpedoes can travel on a preset course.

The conveyor feeds a specified amount of coal into...

When a rocket passes within a specified distance of the target,...

Задача [см. тж. Взять на себя задачу]

Problem 1. To determine the projections of a line which ...

The challenge has been in designing the turbine to direct this additional cooling air where it is really needed.

The challenge now is to explain why the atmosphere of Venus ...

It is the concern of the analyst to seek ...

Задача, задаваемая компьютеру

Typical linear-programming problems presented to computers involve hundreds or even thousands of variables.

Задача на пропорцию

A problem in proportion.

Задача о

Thus the problem on compact linear operators was solved.

Задача по акустике

In solving problems in room acoustics, the characteristics of the boundaries are usually expressed in terms of impedances.

Задача состоит в том, чтобы

Alcohol vapour is to be recovered from a hot gas stream. It is desired to recover alcohol vapour from an air stream. The challenge was to increase the sensitivity of...

Задача, стоящая перед

The first major problem facing the control engineer is:...

Задействовать

This energy goes into setting in motion the system made up of the two particles.

Заделана

Coils are encapsulated (or incorporated) in a hollow, cylindrical shell.

The superconducting wire can be made of thin niobium-titanium filaments that are embedded in copper.

Заделанный [см. Встроенный].

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The wire is embedded in the floor.

Заделанный [см. Встроенный].

Задерживать [см. тж. Замедлять, Мешать, Предотвращать, Препятствовать]

Surfactants are known to inhibit (or retard, or slow down) crystal growth from supersaturated solutions.

This operation was holding up the entire assembly line. These oil pockets impede the flow of air.

Sodium nitrate inhibits corrosion of underwater structures.

Some bacteria have clogged the flow of oil in the sands and retarded production.

The deficiency of rainfall hampers (or stunts) the growth of farm crops or other vegetation.

Задерживать развитие

Glass lenses have threatened to block the development of higher powered lasers.

Задерживать рост

This concentration of sugar is sufficient to inhibit (or impede, or stunt, or delay, or retard) the growth of most microorganisms.

Задерживаться [см. тж. Проскакивать и задерживаться]

Metalworking production operations are often halted by inefficiency in the materials-handling system.

Задний план [см. На заднем плане, Отодвигать на задний план].

Задолго до

An increase in deep-earth gas pressure well before (or well in advance of) an earthquake ...

Задолго до начала 20-го века

Long before the 20th century dawned (or began) (or Long before the dawn of the 20th century)...

Задолго до того, как

This was well (or long) before the cells began to develop transformed appearance.

Задумайтесь на секунду (минуту) о том

Consider for a moment what would happen if shear stresses could exist parallel to the earth's surface.

Задуман как

The present article is designed as a tutorial on how best to export ...

This text is not intended as mathematical theory, but rather...

Задумывать

The designer conceived the idea of a submarine with three pressure hulls.

Заедание

To avoid binding between pans, a minimum clearance is critical for a running fit. Sticking of the valve stem ...

The jamming of the wheel shaft...

A compensation cone prevents seizures from expansion due to moisture or heat.

Зажат между

The diaphragm is clamped (or sandwiched) between metal plates.

Зажигать дугу [см. тж. Дуга зажигается]

A pair of electrodes touch and draw an arc.

To initiate an arc.

To start (or strike) an arc.

Зажигать топливо

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Зажигать топливо

The heat of compression ignites the fuel.

Зажигаться I

The thyratron will fire.

The arc is struck between the electrode and the charge. The electric arc is drawn between two electrodes.

Зажигаться II

The sample is placed in the combustion crucible of the calorimeter and ignited by electric connections.

The primary explosive detonates readily when set afire by the primer.

Зажигаться III

The light blinks on as the movement starts.

Зажимать в

Hold the tubing in a lathe collet.

Зажимать деталь

The part may be clamped in any position.

Зажимать между центрами

Parts up to 4 in. in length can be held between centres.

Зажимное приспособление

A clamping device.

Заземлённый на корпус

One wire is earthed (or grounded) to the frame of the instrument.

Заземляться

The case is earthed (or grounded) by one core of the connecting cable.

Зажат между

A tilted coupling allows tool removal with as little as 1/2-in. clearance between tool point and workpiece.

Piston-to-head clearance.

Заинтересоваться

They have taken an interest in the concept of ...

Займёмся

Here we shall be concerned with the systems in which ...

We shall take up this subject now.

Заказ [см. Выполненный по (индивидуальному) заказу, Выполнять заказ, По заказу, Повторный заказ, Поставлять по заказу].

Заказан

A new air-cooled transformer is on order (or has been ordered).

Закалённый на воздухе (или в воде)

Air (Water) hardened.

Закалка [см. Воздушной закалки].

Закалка в воде

Water quenching.

Закалка в масле

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Закалка в масле

Oil quenching.

Заканчивать [см. тж. Завершать]

The entire job was completed (or accomplished, or finished) in 5 days.

Заканчиваться [см. тж. Завершаться, Прекращаться]

The changes come to a close when the sediments become a solid sedimentary rock. When the reaction is complete(d),...

When the period of crustal stretching is over (or ends),...

The Period ends with a noble gas (in the Mendeleyev Table). Conductors terminate (or end) in space lugs for connection to ...

Закладывать[см. Заложен, Заложить основу для].

Закладывать в

Steel bars are embedded in the concrete if the structure involves tensile stresses.

Закладывать в компьютер

Data from the acquisition system can be fed into a computer.

Закладывать основу [см. тж. Заложить основу для]

The book lays the groundwork for

the important area of solid state physics and...

He laid the groundwork (or foundation) for the discipline of ethology. The work of these pioneers was primarily

responsible for the development of the theory.

Заклёпка [см. Загонять заклёпку].

Заключать [см. Из этого вытекает (или следует), что].

Заключать в

When such species are confined in a closed jar, they will die in a few hours. To encase (or enclose) the crystal in a glass envelope ...

Заключать в оболочку

Such transducers are constructed by placing a case around a unit cell.

Заключать в себе I

The organic contents of these shales include conodonts and concretions which enclose phosphalic brachiopods, shark remains, and small cephalopods.

Заключать в себе II

The rapid motion observed in the superlu-minal sources may hold the key to the onesided structure. The amplitude and phase of the sine wave embody information on the structure of the celestial object.

Заключать в себе зародыш идеи

His illustration carries the germ of the idea of...

Заключать в скобки

To put (or enclose) in brackets (or in parentheses) (or To bracket).

Заключаться в [см. тж. В этом заключается, Состоять в]

The essential difference between an incompressible and a compressible fluid is in the speed of sound.

The key to the structure lay with the arrangement of the heterocyclic amines. This operation consists in healing the material to 50°C above ...

The chief advantage of the new device lies in its versatility.

Заключаться в том, что

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The answer resides in the fact that...

The greatest value of the periodic table resides in its...

Another series of tests involved drawing of hard steel wire.

Заключаться в том, что

The uncertainty principle implies that even if...

The importance of such structures lies in the fact that ...

Заключение [см. Вывод, Выводить заключение, Приходить к выводу].

Заключён в

The gas is confined in a container. The compound is embedded in glass.

The capillary tube is encased (or enclosed) in an outer protecting tube. The operating mechanism is totally enclosed in a case.

The apparatus is housed in a steel case.

The pipe is housed in a cylindrical cast-iron container.

Заключён в кожух

This section of the machine is jacketed for water cooling.

Заключён в оболочку

All members are enclosed in a lipoprotein envelope (biol.).

Заключённый в металлическую оболочку

Metal-encased capacitors ...

Заключённый в оболочку

The central organelle is a membrane-enclosed nucleus where genetic material is organized into chromosomes.

Заключённый в стеклянный колпак

The glass-enclosed switch is very compact.

Заключённый между [см. тж. Ограниченный]

These bearings are characterized by balls or cylinders confined between outer and inner rings. The area enclosed by the curve and two

straight lines ...

The angle included between the radius through the given point and ...

Закон [см. Выводить закон, По закону, Подчиняться закону, Твёрдое правило].

Закон о том,что

Archimedes' law that an immersed body ... is the principal law of aeronautics.

Закон регулирует

Ultimately what we can do here on the Earth will be limited by the same laws that govern the economy of astronomical energy sources.

Законно усомниться в том, что

One can legitimately doubt that this circulation is a primary process.

Закономерно повторяться

There is a regular repetition of the different layers.

Закономерный

The satellites exhibit some regular trends, such as increasing size with distance from Jupiter.

Закончен [см. тж. Окончен]

The aqueous phase can be left in the funnel until the procedure is complete(d).

Закончен на... процентов

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Закончен на... процентов

The plant is 95% complete(d) (or finished).

The discovety finally led to a full-blown theory of plate tectonics.

Законченный [см. Незаконченный].

Закончить главу

Before closing this chapter we shall attempt...

Закончиться [см. Кончаться].

Закорачивать

This capacitor is snorted out by a relay.

This action closes contacts which short out the amplifier input stages. Such batteries can be short circuited without injury.

Закорачивать на корпус [см. Заземлённый на корпус].

Закрепление деталей

The universal fixture may be employed for holding (or fastening, or clamping) workpieces.

Закрепление на

This device is used for securing gears, pulleys and other components to shafts.

Закреплён [см. тж. Жёстко закреплён, Прочно закреплён]

The board should be fixed (or fastened, or attached, or secured) with screws.

Закреплён на

The propeller is fitted to the shaft.

Закреплён неподвижно

A horizontal boring machine holds the workpiece stationary on a movable table. The hydrogens in cyclopropane are fixed in position and are not free to move.

Закреплённый на шпонке

A keyed shaft section ...

Закреплять I

Cylinder diameter at any point may be determined by locking the instrument at that point. Tapes, rubber bands, etc., have been used to secure the mechanism in transit.

The insulation is secured to the deck.

All bolts must be properly secured with approved nuts. The pipe should be secured in the jaws of the bending table. The workpiece is clamped on the table.

The drill is clamped in a drill holder.

Закреплять II

Quenching fixes the structural changes which occurred under heating.

Закреплять в нужном положении

The screw locks the blade in position.

Закреплять в патроне

The drill is held in a chuck.

Закреплять на [см. Прикреплять к].

Закреплять на месте

The dummy is removed, the mould is locked in place and the melted bronze is poured in.