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Лекции по русской литературе / Лекции по русской литературе_Набоков В_1999 -440с

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«7$S "$4$5! '"$ #='&"E8 &6 $8 «\$=5(4!(&E»:

Qu?un sang impur abreuve nos sillons.

C4EW$459 "$ E[(""EB 6E&'6, '(" ( ? 3 [ 8 '?(- 3$8 . 7' 63= #, 68(5 ( 5 8$5 (=5 6$=! ='6$""E8 $ $8 # 8"$, #3(- ' 5?' , 6" & 6 #'4 , "' 'S("! ?4 & ', '54EW$4 5! #$3("! ( &6 «Mein Lieber Augustin». «\$=5(4!(&$» "( &$8(S$( V, «\$=5(4!(&$» "$ 6E5W(B 'S ( '(" 9 56' 8 6(4 S (8; "'

«Augustin» =( 49( 59, «Augustin» 65( "$V$4!"((, 6' $ E «Augustin» $ - ' "('M 3$""' "$S "$Z 5'6 $- 3$ ! 5 $ $8 «\$=5(4!(&E». D$ "$S "$( $ ?E 5(=- 3 !59; '"$ &$8(S$( , "$ '"(A, «Augustin», '"$ V'S( 5?='5 ! ((, ' '#"$ !, $ "$69&S 6 Z " S 'M" Z 8 V , "' «Augustin» A( 4$5! =( '; '"$ 6(5(4$ 5$8' 6(- =("$, '"$ =$3'5 "$ "$V$4!"$; «\$=5(4!(&$» $ - ' 63= # M$5"' #4 (( : '"$ M( "( 5 =E6$( , S ' =$&- 3=$M("$ '? M("$; N ' 6' 4 "(#'3'6$" 9, N ' 54(&E49 6E 5 ='5 (= E8 ='6 3(" Z = $8 : pas un pouce de notre terrain, pas une de nos forteresses.

209

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«, $» (1880)

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210