English tenses in Active: Formulas, examples, meanings and markers

	Simple	CONTINUOUS	PERFECT	PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT	V / Vs don’t V / doesn’t V Do … V? / Does … V? I ask / he asks you don’t as k /he doesn’t ask Do you ask? / Does he ask? *действие не соотносится с каким-л. моментом времени, оно происходит регулярно, обычно и т.п. usually/generally/normally always/never often/seldom sometimes	am / is / are Ving am not / isn’t / aren’t Ving Am / Is / Are … Ving? I am asking/he is asking I’m not asking / he isn’t asking Are you asking? *действие в настоящий момент now at present at the moment	have / has V3 / Ved haven’t / hasn’t V3 / Ved Have / Has … V3 / Ved? I have asked / he has taken I haven’t asked / he hasn’t taken Have you asked? / Has she taken? *завершённое действие, имеющее результат в настоящем already/yet ever/never lately/recently this week/today by now	have / has been Ving haven’t / hasn’t been Ving Have / Has … been Ving? I have been asking / he has been taking I haven’t been asking / she hasn’t been taking Have you been asking? *действие, начавшееся в прошлом, но продол-жающееся в настоящем for a month/a long time since 5 o’clock how long/since when
PAST	V2 / Ved didn't V Did …V? I asked / I took He didn’t ask / We didn’t take Did you ask? / Did they take? *действие в прошлом, не соотносимое ни с каким определенным моментом времени yesterday last week 3 days ago	was / were Ving wasn’t / weren’t Ving Was / Were … Ving? I was asking / you were asking I wasn’t asking / You weren’t asking Were you asking? *действие, происходящее в определённый момент в прошлом at 5 yesterday from 5 to 6 yesterday for 3 days last week all day long/the whole day when we came	had V3 / Ved hadn’t V3 / Ved Had … V3 / Ved? I had asked / she had taken I hadn’t asked / she hadn’t taken Had you asked? / Had she taken? *действие, завершённое к определённому моменту в прошлом by 5 o’clock yesterday before he came by the end of last year	had been Ving hadn’t been Ving Had … been Ving? I had been asking / he had been taking I hadn’t been asking / he hadn’t been taking Had you been asking? *действие, которое началось до определённого момента в прошлом, но всё ещё продолжалось в тот момент He had been working for 2 hours, when my brother came.
FUTURE	will V won’t V Will … V? I will ask / he will take I won’t ask / he won’t take Will you ask? *действие в будущем, не соотносимое ни с каким определенным моментом времени tomorrow next week in 3 days in 2017	will be Ving won’t be Ving Will … be Ving? I will be asking I won’t be asking Will you be asking? *действие, которое будет происходить в определённый момент в будущем at 5 tomorrow from 5 to 6 tomorrow for 6 days next week all day long tomorrow when he comes	will have V3 / Ved won’t have V3 / Ved Will … have V3 / Ved? I will have asked / she will have taken I won’t have asked / she won’t have taken Will you have asked? *действие, которое закончится к определён-ному моменту в будущем by 5 o’clock tomorrow when he comes by next summer	will have been Ving won’t have been Ving Will … have been Ving? I will have been asking / she will have been taking I won’t have been asking Will you have been asking? *действие, которое начнётся до определённого момента в будущем, но всё ещё будет продолжаться в этот момент When you come, I’ll have been working for 2 hours.