Времена группы Perfect Progressive

Времена группы Perfect Progressive образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в соответствующем времени, лице и числе, причастия прошедшего времени (Participle II) глагола to be и причастия настоящего времени (Participle I) смыслового глагола.

Таким образом:

1) время Present Perfect Progressive образуется:

have (has) + been = Participle I (-ing) ,

выражает действие или состояние, которое началось в прошлом и продолжается до настоящего момента. Показатели времени: for five minutes - в течение пяти минут; for two weeks - в течение двух недель; since Tuesday - со вторника и т.д.

I have been writing the letter Я пишу письмо (уже) час.

for an hour (already).

2) время Past Perfect Progressive образуется:

had been + Participle I (-ing),

показывает, что действие началось перед другим действием или моментом в прошлом и длилось до этого действия.

I had been writing the letter Я писал письмо (уже) час,

for an hour when he came. когда он пришел.

3) время Future Perfect Progressive образуется:

will have been + Participle I (-ing),

выражает будущее действие, которое начнется ранее другого будущего момента и будет длиться в момент его наступления. (Эта форма употребляется очень редко).

I will have been writing the letter Я буду писать письмо (уже) час,

for an hour when he comes. когда он придет.

EXERCISES

Ex. 1. Read and translate the sentences.

1. He has only been studying English for two years. 2. They have been publishing this law textbook for ten years. 3. They have been talking for the last hour. 4. She has been working at that company for three years. 5. James has been teaching at the University since June.

Ex. 2. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Perfect Progressive.

1. I (work) on this problem for two months. 2. She (sleep) all this time? 3. You (talk) this nonsense all day long. 4. "Any news about your latest project?" - "I just (tell) about it." 5. He says he (not / feel) well for the past week." 6. You are red all over. How long you (lie) in the sun today? 7. I (try) to get you all day, George! 8. I (not/sleep) well for months. 9. We (see) each other regularly since the party at Helen's. 10. "Jack isn't working now" - "He (not/work) for years".

Ex. 3. Make up sentences using the Present Perfect Progressive.

Example: Suzy is in her riding boots (she / ride) – She has been riding.

You are dirty all over. What (you / do) – What have you been doing?

1. Have a rest now. (You / work too hard / lately) ___________________________

2. You are shivering. (you / stand / in this cold / long?) _______________________

3. Her hands are red and wet. (she / scrub / the floors / for three hours) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. The children are quite voiceless. (they / sing at the top of their voices / since morning) ___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Ex. 4. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Perfect Progressive.

1. Clouds (gather) all day and now rain came down in sheets. 2. "I'm coming all right," said Mr. Dilinger, who (shiver) for the last ten minutes. 3. I realized that he had come away with me in order to discuss once more what he already (discuss) for hours with his sister-in-law. 4. I slowly released a breath and only then realized that I (hold) it for some time.

Ex. 5. Circle the correct completion.

Example:

I can't come with you. I need to stay here. I _______________ for a phone call.

A. wait B. will wait © am waiting D. have waited

1. My mother began to drive cars when she was fourteen. Now she is eighty-nine, and she still drives. She _____________ cars for seventy-five years.

A. was driving B. drives C. drove D. has been driving

2. In every culture, people ___________ jewelry since prehistoric times.

A. wear B. wore C. have worn D. had worn

3. It __________when I left the house this morning, so I opened my umbrella.

A. rained B. had rained C. is raining D. was raining

4. Australian koala bears are interesting animals. They ___________practically their entire lives in trees without ever coming down to the ground.

A. are spending C. have spent

B. have been spending D. spend

5. The teacher is late today, so class hasn't begun yet. After she _____________ here, class will begin.

A. will get B. is going to get C. gets D. is getting

6. It's raining hard. It ______________ an hour ago and ___________ yet.

A. had started . . . doesn't stop C. started . . . hasn't stopped

B. has started . . . didn't stop D. was starting . . . isn't stopping

7. Alex's bags are almost ready for his trip. He ____________ for Syria later this afternoon. We'll say good-bye to him before he _____________.

A. left . . . went C. is leaving . . . goes

B. leaves . . . will go D. has left . . . will go

8. I heard a slight noise, so I walked to the front door to investigate. I looked down at

the floor and saw a piece of paper. Someone _____________a note under the door to my apartment.

A. had pushed B. is pushing C. has pushed D. pushed

9. I walked slowly through the market. People ______________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully before I decided what to buy.

A. have sold B. sell C. had sold D. were selling

10. I really like my car. I _____________ it for six years. It runs beautifully.

A. have B. have had C. had D. have been having