Module 6 the american system of education

Texts

BT1. Education in the USA

ST 1. The University of Davis

ST 2. Entrance requirements

1. Робота в парах. Прочитайте та перекладіть подані інтернаціональні слова:

Federal	['fedərəl]
control	[kənt`troul]
administration	[əd,minis`trei∫n]

II. Робота в парах. Прочитайте та перекладіть наступні англійські слова. Порівняйте їх з українськими словами, які мають той же корінь.

junior	['d3u:nijə]	юніорський, молодший
senior	['si:njə]	старший
automatic	[,otə`metik]	автоматичний
adapt	[ə`dæpt]	адаптуватися, пристосуватися
European	[,juərə`piən]	європейський

III. Прочитайте подані слова та запам'ятайте їх значення.

distinctive	[dis`tinktiv]	відмінний
tuition	[tju`i∫n]	навчання
cost	[kost]	ціна, плата
well-to-do	[`wel tə`du]	забезпечений, заможний
admission	[əd`mi∫n]	прийом, вступ
stream	[stri:m]	потік, поділяти на потоки
capable	[`keipəbl]	здібний
average	[`ævəriʤ]	середній

IV. Прочитайте та перекладіть базовий текст №1 (BТ 1).

EDUCATION IN THE USA

1. There are 3 levels of education in the USA: elementary, high (or secondary) and higher.

2. Education is compulsory for every child from the age of 6 up to the age of 16 (in some states 17 or 18).

3. The distinctive feature of the American system of education is that the Federal government has no direct control over education.

4. Under the Constitution of the USA each state has its own education administration.

5. All schools in the country are divided into two groups: public (or state) schools and private (or independent) ones.

6. Education in public schools is free.

7. The cost of tuition in private schools is paid by the parents of pupils.

8. The majority of schoolchildren in the United States attend state schools, but independent schools are becoming more and more popular with well-to-do parents.

9. All pupils at independent schools follow individual plans of study.

10. There is a teacher for every 5 or 6 pupils at these schools while at public schools there is one teacher for 30 pupils.

11. As a rule independent schools are boarding schools.

12. The school structure is different in different districts of the USA.

13. In big cities it is 6 plus 3 plus 3 (6 years of elementary school, 3 years of junior high school and 3 years of senior high school).

14. Admission to American high schools is automatic upon finishing the elementary school.

15. In many American schools children are classified (streamed) into capable, average and incapable according to intelligence quotient test.

16. The curricula and the levels of instruction are adapted to each classification.

17. Higher education in the USA is quite different from that in Europe.

18. European higher educational institutions are as a rule state ones.

19. The largest and the best universities and colleges in America are independent.

V. a. Запам’ятайте фрази і словосполучення:

intelligence quotient	коефіцієнт розумового розвитку
as a rule	як правило
high school	старша школа (старші класи середньої школи)

b. Знайдіть у тексті еквіваленти наступних слів і виразів:

відмінна риса; поділятися на групи; вартість навчання; бути популярним серед; забезпечені батьки; прийом до університету; по закінченню; поділятися на потоки; коефіцієнт розумового розвитку.

VI. Знайдіть у тексті відповіді на наступні запитання.

1. What groups are all schools divided into?

2. Is education in public schools free?

3. What can you say about popularity of independent schools?

4. How many pupils are there for one teacher at public schools?

5. Is the school structure different in different districts of the USA?

6. What is the school structure like in big cities?

7. What can you say about the admission to American high schools?

8. How many levels of education are there in the USA?

9. Is the education compulsory?

10. What is the distinctive feature of the American system of education?

11. Does each state have its own administration?

VІI. Прочитайте та перекладіть додатковий текст №1(SТ1).

THE UNIVERSITY OF DAVIS

The Davis campus grew out of legislation passed in 1905 establishing a University Farm". The first students came to Davis in 1908. The demands for greater educational opportunities in the state increased rapidly. In 1922 the degree of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture was granted to those who completed the Davis program. The campus most rapid expansion began in 1951 when the College of Letters and Science was founded and more varied degree programs became available.

The College of Engineering came into existence in 1962. The School of Law held its first classes in the fall of 1966 and the School of Medicine admitted its first students in 1968. The Graduate School of Management began holding classes in 1981.

The quality of undergraduate instruction is a prime concern of the faculty, students and administration at Davis. Creative teaching and academic innovations are encouraged by several programs, including the Distinguished Teaching Awards, a 25 000 prize for undergraduate teaching and scholarly achievement, instructional improvement funds, the Teaching Resources Center programs which aid faculty members and teaching assistants in sharpening their teaching skills.

University Campus Davis has long been known for teaching and research in agricultural sciences.

VІIІ. Знайдіть у тексті еквіваленти наступних слів і виразів:

Відкрився на основі закону...; дуже швидке розширення; коледж літератури і природничих наук; стали доступними; з’явився; основна турбота викладацького складу; творче викладання; фонди покращення навчального процесу; покращення навиків викладання.

ІX. Перекладіть англійською мовою запропоновані речення.

1. Перші студенти приїхали в Девіс у 1908 році.

2. Інженерний коледж з’явився в 1962 році.

3. Якісне викладання – основна турбота викладацького складу.

X. Прочитайте та перекладіть додатковий текст 2(ST), звертаючи увагу на спеціальну лексику уроку.

ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS

То be eligible for admission to the University of California as a freshman, you must meet specific Subject, Scholarship, and Examination Requirements.

• You must complete at least 15 high school units in the subject areas (History, English, Mathematics, Foreign Language and College Preparatory Electives). At least 7 of the required 15 units will have to be taken in the last two years of high school if you are a California high school graduate.

• An applicant must earn a grade of C or better in all high school courses to satisfy the "A" through "E" requirements above. The grades earned in these courses that are taken in grades ten through twelve will be used to compute the grade-point average for admission.

• All freshman applicants must submit scores from the College Board or the American College Testing (ACT) Program. If you are applying for admission to the fall quarter you should take the tests no later than December. The following tests are required:

• Scholastic Aptitude Test (College Board)

• American College Test

• Three Achievement Tests, which must include (A) English Composition, (B) Mathematics, and (C) one test from the social studies science or foreign language, or the test in English literature.

Notes:

to answer the requirements - відповідати вимогам; at least - принаймні; scholarship - стипендія; freshman – студент першого курсу; grades earned in these courses - оцінки, отримані за ці курси; an applicant - абітурієнт; to submit the scores - подати на розгляд оцінки; to apply for admission - подавати заяви про вступ; to take the tests здавати тест; fall quarter - осіння чверть; Scholastic Aptitude Test - тест на здібність.

XI. Знайдіть у додатковому тексті №2 (SТ 2) відповіді на наступні запитання.

1. What must one meet to be eligible for admission to the University of California?

2. How many high school units one must complete?

3. What grade must the applicant earn in all high school courses to satisfy the requirements?

4. Where must all freshman applicants submit scores from?

5. How many Achievement Tests are required?

XII. Анотуйте англійською та українською мовами основний зміст додаткових текстів. Користуйтесь запропонованим варіантом як ключем.

Supplementary text 1 (ST1) is about the history of Davis University Campus. It was founded in the 20-th century. It has been emphasized that the reputation of the Davis Campus is high. The quality of instruction is a prime concern of the faculty, students and administration.	У додатковому тексті №1 йдеться про історію університетського кампуса в Девісі. Його було засновано в XX столітті. Підкреслюється, що репутація кампуса в Девісі висока. Якість навчання - ось на що в першу чергу звертається увага викладацького складу, студентів, адміністрації.
Supplementary text 2 (ST2) provides the information on entrance requirements. It is mentioned that to be eligible for admission to the University of California you must meet specific Subject, Scholarship and Examination Requirements.	Додатковий текст №2 (SТ2) надає інформацію про вимоги до вступу. Відзначається, що для вступу в Каліфорнійський університет треба відповідати певним вимогам щодо предметів, стипендії та іспитів.