3.Упражнения

1.Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сказуемое:

а) с модальным глаголом:

1.We must use new methods in our research work. 2.Due to the energy of the atom man can produce electric energy at atomic power stations. 3.You may use this instrument for measuring gas pressure. 4.The planet Pluto is so far away that we cannot study it easily. 5.He could not complete his research in time as he worked very slowly.

б) с эквивалентом модального глагола:

1.The students were unable (were not able) to do the work without their teacher’s help. He had to help them. 2.This power station was to supply us with all necessary energy. 3.He had to work hard before he was able to complete his research. 4.The atom is to serve mankind. 5.You will have to show the equation to your teacher. 6.Nobody was able to understand this mysterious phenomenon.

2.Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы. Предложения переведите.

1.We must use the new tools to cut and form this metal part. 2.This equipment can produce parts with very high accuracy. 3.They could easily define the properties of this material. 4.He may complete all necessary measurements himself. 5.With the help of a new device the scientist could see some strange rays.

3.Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные способы выражения долженствования:

1.In scientific work we must measure in units of the metric system. 2.This part is very complex and the worker has to use special tools to cut it. 3.Atoms must serve mankind. 4.The lecture is to begin at 6 o’clock. 5.You were to replace the tool by another one, why didn’t you do it? 6.The engineer will have to improve the accuracy of this machine tool. 7.He had to work hard before he was able to submit his paper to a scientific journal.

4.Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, подчеркнув сочетания модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов с инфинитивом.

1.He was taken from school and for some time had to help his father in the trade.2.Extracts from different books copied by hand were to be sent by post. 3.During the first years of Shakespeare’s life in London he had to go through many hardships. 4.She thought sadly of all the girls who had to work so hard for their bread. 5.He had to travel hundreds of miles on horseback in any weather.6.You must go to a sanatorium where you will be able to get a complete rest. 7.In spite of all the hardships he had to overcome, Yablochkov continued working in the field of electricity to the day of his death.

5.Переведите предложения на русский язык, подчеркнув сочетания модальных глаголов с Perfect Infinitive:

1.They must have lost their way, as they appeared in the village only at night. 2.He cannot have entrusted this scientific work to a man he knew for such a short period of time. 3. You could not have seen him there because he had left the place two months ago. 5.In the morning I did not find him in his room, he must have gone leaving no note for us. 6. In the fewest words he told them a fatal accident which must have happened to her.