5 MEASUREMENT OF R&D PERSONNEL

311. Included under this heading are all managers and administrators dealing mainly with financial and personnel matters and general administration, insofar as their activities are a direct service to R&D. They are mainly found in ISCO-88 Major Group 2, “Professionals”, and Minor Group 343, “Administrative Associate Professionals” (except 3434).

5.2.4. Classification by level of formal qualification

Introduction

312. ISCED provides the basis for classifying R&D personnel by formal qualification. Six classes are recommended for the purposes of R&D statistics. They are defined exclusively by level of education, regardless of the field in which personnel are qualified.

Holders of university degrees at PhD level (ISCED level 6)

313. Holders of doctorate degrees of university level or equivalent in all fields (ISCED level 6). This category includes holders of degrees earned at universities proper and also at specialised institutes of university status.

Holders of basic university degrees below the PhD level (ISCED level 5A)

314. Holders of tertiary-level degrees below the PhD level in all fields (ISCED level 5A). This category includes holders of degrees earned at universities proper and also at specialised institutes of university status.

Holders of other tertiary level diplomas (ISCED level 5B)

315. Holders of other post-secondary tertiary (ISCED level 5B) diplomas in all fields. Subject matter is typically specialised, presented at a level requiring the equivalent of full secondary level education to master it. It provides a more practically oriented/occupation-specific education than programmes at ISCED levels 5A and 6.

Holders of other post-secondary non-tertiary diplomas (ISCED level 4)

316. Holders of other post-secondary non-tertiary (ISCED level 4) diplomas in all fields. This class includes holders of degrees preparing students for studies at level 5, who although having completed ISCED level 3, did not follow a curriculum which would allow entry to level 5, i.e. pre-degree foundation courses or short vocational programmes.

Holders of diplomas of secondary education (ISCED level 3)

317. Holders of diplomas at the secondary level, upper stage (ISCED level 3). This class includes not only all ISCED level 3 diplomas obtained in the

FRASCATI MANUAL 2002 – ISBN 92-64-19903-9 – © OECD 2002

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