- •Vocabulary 138
- •Electric current serves lis in a thousand ways
- •Exercises
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Lightning
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Magnetism
- •Exercises
- •Idioms early history
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Lomonosov
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Volta's short biography
- •Electric current
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •What is heat?
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Electric circuit
- •Voltmeter
- •Conductors and insulators
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Insulator surface treatment
- •Electromotive force and resistance
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Heating effect of an electric current
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Translate the following word combinations:
- •VI. Define the meaning of the prefixes in the following words, translate them:
- •IX. Translate tfie following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •X. Read and retell the following text.
- •If there were no electricity
- •XI. Speak on the heating effect of an electric current.
- •IV. Translate the following sentences and define the functions of tfie word that
- •V. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •VI. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions and form sentences with the following infinitives: -
- •VII. Compare:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences, paying atten- tion to the words in bold type:
- •IX. Form nouns from the following verbs and translate them:
- •X. Give a short summary of the text.
- •XI. Look at Fig. 9 and describe Oersted's discovery.
- •XII. Describe fig. 10.
- •VI. Read the following abbreviations:
- •VII. Define the following terms:
- •IX. Form five sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in columns I and II:
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Define the following terms:
- •V. (a) Choose the right term; (b) explain the statement:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences:
- •VII. Translate the following text:
- •VIII. Retell the text.
- •Transformers
- •3 Single-pnase transformers stepping generator voltage up to 275.000 volts
- •2300 To 230 volt
- •2300 Volt motor
- •230 Volt induction motor
- •Transmission system
- •IV. Form as many words as possible using suffixes and prefixes. Define what parts of speech the new words are and translate them:
- •V. Form nouns from the following words using suitable suffixes:
- •VI. Translate the following word combinations:
- •VII. Arrange the following words and expressions in pairs of a) synonyms, b) antonyms:
- •IX. Compare:
- •X. Translate the following text:
- •XI. Retell the text
- •IV. Translate the following sentences using the Passive Voice:
- •V. Form sentences according to the models given below:
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Define the following terms:
- •VI. Form six sentences using the following nouns quali- fied by adjectives:
- •VII. Translate the following text:
- •VIII. Describe Fig. 15.
- •IV. Translate the following sentences:
- •V. Translate the following sentences:
- •VII. Give a heading to each paragraph of the text. Explain why you have given such a heading.
- •VIII. Speak on:
- •IX. Translate the following text:
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •IV. Translate the following words and word-combinations:
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Speak on the possible uses of solar energy.
- •IX. Read and retell the following story;
- •1. Energy
- •2. Electric fish
- •4. Surface tension
- •5. Electric meter
- •7. Refrigerator
- •10. Electron theory
- •11. Thermocouple and photocell
- •12. Electric lamp
- •13. Faraday's discovery
- •15. Steam turbine
- •16. Units of measurement
- •17. Plasma generator
- •18. Laser
- •19. Semiconductors
- •20. Steam power station
- •21. Hydroelectric power station
- •22. Current flow
- •23. Gases, solids, liquids and plasma
- •Idioms, Conjunctional and Prepositional Phrases
- •Vocabulary
- •Impulse wheel ['impals ,wi:l] активная турбина
Volta's short biography
Volta was born in Como, Italy, February 18, 1745. For some years he was a teacher of physics in his home town. Later on he became professor of natural sciences at the University of Pavia. After his famous discovery he travelled in many countries, among them France, Germany and England. He was invited to Paris to lecture on the newly discovered chemical source of continuous current. In 1819 he returned to Como where he spent the rest of his life. Volta died at the age . of 82.
Active Words and Expressions
as well as, at rest, to control, behaviour, condition, copper, flow, in motion, negative, opposite, positive, previously, to remember, the rest of, to travel, to try, unlike, charge
Exercises
THE INFINITIVE
— |
Active |
Passive |
* Indefinite |
to write |
to be written |
Perfect * 9 |
to have written |
to have been written |
Continuous |
to be writing |
|
Perfect Continuous |
to have been writing |
— |
/. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the infinitive:
« ■
(a) 1. We shall translate this article. 2. Do you know this ryan? 3. They can translate this text without a dictionary. 4. To translate this article is not an easy thing to do. 5. We want to translate this article. 6. I remember to have seeti this man last year. 7. To study much is to learn much.
8. To master a language one must work much. 9. The professor to deliver a lecture at our institute is an outstanding scientist. 10. The experiment to be carried on is described .in this article. 11. Can this work have been done in such a short time? i2 He must be reading a newspaper in the reading-room. 13. He was glad to have been travelling in Europe.
(b) 1. This is the device to be used in our experiment.
The thermometer is a device to measure the temperature.
Where are the articles to be translated by the students?
The letter to be answered was given to me. 5. The generator is a device to change mechanical energy into electric energy. 6 The Soviet Union was the first to use atomic ener- \ gy for peaceful purposes. 7. Petrov was the first scientist to study the electrification of metals by rubbing them. 8. I was the last to answer the teacher's questions.
//. Answer the following questions:
1. What types of electricity do you know? 2. What is the difference between electricity at rest and electricity in motion? 3. What kind of experiments did Galvani carry on? 4. What did Franklin prove? 5. What are the two kinds of electrical charges? 6. Who was the first to produce a steady, continuous current? 7. What was Volta? 8. What can you say about the behaviour of static charges? 9. What did Volta take interest in? 10. What did Volta's discovery result in? 11. What did Volta's device consist of? 12. Where did he spend the rest of his life?
III. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
1. The students carried out an experiment looking at the thermometer from time to time. 2. The cinema was invented before my time. 3. It is high time to begin work. 4. Four times three is twelve. 5. "Am I late?" "No, you are just in time". 6. "What is the time?" "It's dinner time". 7. The students went to the club and had a good time there.
It took a long time before people learned to split the atom.
I shall be back in no time. 10. For a long time people did not know that lightning and atmospheric electricity are one and the same thing. 11. Lomonosov lectured at the university and at the same time worked in different fields of science. 12. I work in the laboratory two times a week.
IV. Fill in the blanks with the words one or for:
1. Moscow is ... of the largest cities in the world. 2. ... must remember that it is necessary to study English at least an hour a day. 3. As ... rubber it was brought to Europe as early as the 15th century. 4. ... understands the importance of electricity when ... sees trams, trolley-buses and trains driven by it. 5. The energy of the atom is used ... peaceful purposes in our country. 6. ... must know the chemical properties of the atom. 7. We produce rubber ... it is quite necessary ... the development of our industry. 8. In 1819 Volta returned to Corno ... he wanted to spend the rest of his life there. 9. This is a more important problem than that ... . 10. I haven't got a dictionary, I must have ... •
V. Form sentences according to the model using the verbs given below:
Model: We can't help (+gerund)
We can't help speaking about the achievements of Soviet physicists.
to answer, to repeat, to mention, to observe, to change, to think, to remember
VI. Give antonyms for the following words:
north pole, dark, on the one hand, small, arrangement, larger, magnetized, unfamiliar, like, positive, similar, to rest, in motion
VII. Explain the meaning of the following compound words:
newspaper, schoolboy, thunderstorm, icebreaker, waterfall, fisherman
VIII. Retell Volta's biography.
LESSON ELEVEN
-
SUBJECTIVE INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTION OBJECTIVE INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTION