Методички ЭД-203фк / Английский язык_Пособие для бакалавров. Учебное пособие

10.Inflation (mustn’t / cannot) be eliminated without some negative changes in economics.

2.4.Учебный тест

I.Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово или словосочетание:

1.	_________ resources are concentrated in about 300 deposits all over the region.
	A Mining	B Mineral	C Mountain
2.	Major American exports include _______, chemicals, cars, and aircraft.
	A machinery	B machine	C mechanical
3.	_______ produces more than a half of the country’s food needs.
	A Culture	B Aerospace	C Agriculture
4.	At present about a third of the region’s _______ live in the capital.
	A production	B businesses	C population
5.	There are great opportunities to _______ agricultural sector in the region.
	A develop	B export	C produce
6.	_______ is the key sector producing 40 per cent of the city’s industrial output.
	A Banking	B Metallurgy	C Trade
7.	The basis of British _______ is formed by service industries.
	A economist	B economy	C economic
8.	In Britain _______ was replaced by aerospace and electronic production.
	A heavy	B industry	C heavy industry
9.	_______ has traditionally been the main source of energy in the world.
	A Coal	B Copper	C Corn

10.The US agricultural sector is highly effective and produces a large proportion of the world’s _______.

	A iron	B oil	C food
II. Выберите подходящую по смыслу глагольную форму:
11.	America _______ one of the largest countries in the world.
	A has	B is	C be
12.	Factors of production are resources that _______ into the creation of goods and
	services.
	A go	B goes	C to go
13.	Great Britain _______ the first industrialised country in history.
	A was	B is	C will be
14. 3.6 million people _______ in the Chelyabinsk region.
	A live	B are living	C have lived
15.	Chelyabinsk ________ on the border of European Russia, Siberia, and
	Kazakhstan.
	A has located	B located	C is located

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16.	The city _______ of more than 10 theatres and concert companies.
	A can	B can boast	C can to boast
17.	About 20 per cent of the world’s meat _______ in the USA.
	A is producing	B produces	C is produced
18.	The US _______ import machinery and telecommunication equipment.
	A has	B has to	C have
19.	Great Britain still _______ an important role in the world economy.
	A is played	B played	C plays

20. The government _______ steps to support the development of small business. A must take B must taking C must to take

III. Выберите верный вариант перевода предложения:

21.Great Britain is a highly developed industrial power.

A Великобритания – высокоразвитая промышленная мощь. B Великобритании высоко развито производство энергии.

C Великобритания – высокоразвитая промышленная держава.

22.The country is known as one of the world largest producers of electronics and

machinery.

A В стране известны крупнейшие мировые производители электронного оборудования.

В Страна известна как один из крупнейших мировых производителей

электроники и оборудования.

ССтрана известна одним из крупнейших производств электроники и оборудования в мире.

23.Among the main industrial branches are also coal-mining, automobile,

metallurgical.

A Среди главных отраслей промышленности – угледобывающая, автомобильная, металлургическая.

BГлавные промышленные индустрии – добывающая, автомобильная, металлургическая.

CСреди главных промышленных отраслей – нефтедобывающая, машиностроительная, металлургическая.

24.The official language of the state is English.

A Официальный государственный язык – английский. B Официальный язык всех штатов – английский.

C Официальный государственный язык США – английский.

25.Great Britain is one of the most densely populated countries in the world.

A Великобритания всегда являлась одной из наиболее густо населенных стран в мире.

B Великобритания будет одной из наиболее густо населенных стран в мире.

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C Великобритания является одной из наиболее густо населенных стран в мире.

26.The capital of the USA is named after the first President George Washington.

A США назвали капитал в честь первого президента Джорджа Вашингтона. B Столица США названа в честь первого президента Джорджа Вашингтона. C Первый президент Джордж Вашингтон дал свое имя столице США.

27.Manufacturing output has grown at the same rate as the US economy as a

whole.

AВыпуск промышленной продукции рос такими же темпами как и вся американская экономика.

BВыпуск промышленной продукции будет расти такими же темпами как

ився американская экономика.

CВыпуск промышленной продукции растет такими же темпами как и вся американская экономика.

28.Though farms are not big, they can supply large volumes of food products.

AХотя фермы и большие, они не могут обеспечивать большие объемы продуктов питания.

BНе все фермы большие, но они могут обеспечивать большие объемы продуктов питания.

CХотя фермы небольшие, они могут обеспечивать большие объемы продуктов питания.

29.Banks should provide the whole range of up-to-date financial services to

businesses.

A Банки должны предоставлять предприятиям целый спектр современных финансовых услуг.

B Банк может обеспечивать целый спектр своевременных финансовых услуг бизнесу.

CБанки могут предоставлять целый спектр современных финансовых услуг предприятию.

30.Farm productivity must grow at a faster rate.

AПроизводительность сельского хозяйства могла бы расти более быстрыми темпами.

BПроизводительность сельского хозяйства должна расти более быстрыми темпами.

CПроизводительность сельского хозяйства может расти более быстрыми темпами.

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Раздел 3. Choice of a Job. Job Interview.

Выбор профессии. Собеседование.

3.1. Тексты

Прочитайте и переведите текст:

3.1.1. Choice of a Job

Before taking a job, a young person should ask himself two simple questions: “What kind of job do I like? What kind of job can I do well?” We spend most of our adult life working, and we should settle on a job in which we will be successful and happy.

Many of us wanted to be firemen, policemen, nurses. As children, from six to eleven we make “fantasy choices”. In other words, w e choose the activities that appear attractive and pleasurable. As adults, we may settle on something entirely different. We make a “realistic choice”. We consider a job in relation to other preferences and other demands. We may have to choose between a job that will fulfill our ambition to travel or one that will realize our wish to become independent of family support.

In Britain, many high-grade white-collar and staff workers receive a monthly salary. Their salary may be handed over to them or may be paid into their bank accounts. Manual workers and lower clerical grades receive a wage which is paid out in cash. A manual worker’s earnings may comprise several elements: the basic wage, overtime, premium payments for shift-work and bonuses.

The kind of job you take will determine your standard of living, the things you will be able to afford beyond the mere necessities of life. A person’s job is important to his self-concept. So if he is successful in his work, he will be confident and self-assured.

Выучите следующие слова и выражения:

1.adult life – взрослая жизнь

2.to settle on – устраиваться

3.activity – деятельность

4.to consider – рассматривать, обдумывать

5.to fulfill – выполнять, осуществлять

6.support – поддержка, помощь

7.high-grade – первоклассный

8.white-collar – конторский, «белый воротничок»

9.salary – заработная плата, оклад

10.manual workers – работник физического труда

11.earnings– заработок, доход

12.overtime – плата за сверхурочную работу

13.shift – смена

14.standard of living – уровень жизни

15.to afford – позволять

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16.self-concept – самооценка

17.confident – уверенный

3.1.2. Задания к тексту “Choice of a Job”

Задание 1. Составьте из слов словосочетания:

1.	to settle on	a)	activities
2.	to choose	b)	a salary
3.	to fulfill	c)	a job
4.	to get	d)	а choice
5.	to make	e)	ambition
Задание 2. Выберите суффикс:
1.	success____
	a) – less	b) – ful	c) – er
2. pleasur_____
	a) – ate	b) – en	c) – able
3. attract______
	a) – ment	b) – ive	c) – ly
4. pay________
	a) – dom	b) – less	c) – ment
5. effect______
	a) – ive	b) – ment	c) – ly
Задание 3. Заполните пропуски в предложениях:
		a) jobs	b) suitable	c) conflict
		d) working population		e) wage

1.We are looking for a specialist_______for this position.

2.In private companies, there is an inevitable______of interests between employers and employees.

3.The company plans to create new _______at its plant in the Far East.

4.The existence of millions of unemployed people tends to prevent most of those working from asking for higher_____.

5.Most of _________ in Britain are employees who work for a wage which is paid either weekly or monthly.

Задание 4. Закончите предложения:

1.We should settle on a job in which…….

2.We choose the activities that appear…….

3.We consider a job in relation…….

4.Manual and lower clerical workers receive a wage…….

5.Professional and white-collar workers have…….

a)to our preferences and demands.

b)which is paid out in cash.

c)longer annual paid holidays.

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d)we will be successful and happy.

e)attractive and pleasurable.

Задание 5. Выберите правильный перевод предложения:

1.You can create a good impression before your interview by filling in your application form as neatly as possible.

a)Вы должны произвести положительное впечатление прямо на собеседовании, не дожидаясь заполнения специальной формы.

b)Вы можете произвести хорошее впечатление ещё до собеседования, заполняя заявление тщательным образом.

c)Вы создадите хорошее впечатление о себе у работодателя до собеседования, заполнив анкету как можно быстрее.

2.The staff agreed to work overtime so that the order would be completed on time.

a)Сотрудники согласились работать сверхурочно, чтобы заказ был закончен вовремя.

b)Сотрудники решили завершить заказ вовремя, чтобы не работать сверхурочно.

c)Сотрудники приняли решение работать дополнительно, чтобы улучшить заказ.

3.The boss threatened to fire her if she didn’t improve her work.

a)Начальник грозился уволить её, если она не исправит работу.

b)Начальник грозился уволить её, если она не будет работать лучше.

c)Начальник грозился уволить её, если она не выйдет на работу во время.

4.Her work was so good that she was promoted to the position of assistant manager only a year after she joined the company.

a)Она работала хорошо, однако не получила должность ассистента управляющего в этой компании.

b)Она работала усердно и через год попросила повышение по службе на должность ассистента управляющего.

c)Она работала хорошо и получила повышение по службе на должность ассистента управляющего спустя год, как пришла в компанию.

5.The successful candidate should have at least 3-year experience in office management at international level.

a)Преуспевающий кандидат должен иметь трехлетний опыт работы в офисе на международном уровне.

b)Успешный кандидат должен иметь трехлетний опыт работы в международном офисе.

c)Преуспевающему кандидату следует иметь трехлетний опыт работы в управлении на международном уровне.

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Прочитайте и переведите текст:

3.1.3. The Job Interview

The employment interview is the most important part of your job hunt. Those 20 or 30 minutes may determine your future. During the interview the employer judges your qualifications, appearance, and general fitness for the job opening. It is your opportunity to convince the employer that you can make a real contribution.

Learn all you can about the company where you are going for the interview. Before the interview find out what you can about the firm, make sure you know what the job involves.

Many employers make judgements about the appearance that may be a deciding factor of who to hire. Above all, it is essential to be on time because there is no excuse for being late. During the interview, your job is to conduct yourself in a confident and positive manner. Greet the interviewer by name as you enter the office. At the interview do show the interest in the job and ask questions, don’t panic and don’t give one word answer. Be pleasant and friendly but businesslike.

Remember that the interviewer is a skilled professional, so he knows in advance what he is really looking for. Ask yourself: how do you want to be perceived? How do you think you come across when meeting people for the first time? Analyze your strengths and weaknesses, backgrounds, and personal aspirations and values. In other words, begin to formulate not only what you would like to do, but also what you feel you are best prepared to do.

Выучите следующие слова и выражения:

1.employment – работа, приём (на работу)

2.interview – собеседование, интервью

3.hunt – поиски

4.to determine – определять, решать

5.to judge – судить, делать выводы

6.fitness – пригодность, соответствие

7.opening – вакансия

8.opportunity – удобный случай, благоприятная возможность

9.to convince – убеждать, уверять

10.contribution – вклад

11.to involve – включать, содержать

12.essential – обязательный, необходимый

13.to conduct – вести себя

14.confident – уверенный

15.businesslike – деловой , деловитый, практичный

16.to come across – показаться, произвести впечатление

17.background – подготовка, образование, квалификация

18.aspiration – стремление, сильное желание

19.value – ценность

20.to prepare – готовить, подготавливать

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3.1.4. Задания к тексту “The Job Interview”

Задание 1. Подберите определение к слову из левой колонки:

	1.	to come across	a)	to make someone feel certain that something is true;
	2.	job	b)	something		that you	give or do in order to help
				something be successful
	3.		c)
		to convince		to	meet,	to find,	or to discover someone or
	4.	opening		something by accident or by chance;
			d) the regular paid work that you do for an employer;
	5.	contribution	e) a job or position that is available.
	Задание 2. Выберите лишнее слово:
	1.	a) employer	b) interviewer		c) employee		d) recruiter
	2.	a) vacancy	b) agency		c) opening		d) working place
	3.	a) to employ	b) to hire		c) to fire		d) to take
	4.	a) place	b) enterprise		c) firm		d) organization
	5.	a) to assure	b) to convince		c) to persuade		d) to be sure

Задание 3. Заполните пропуски в предложениях:
1.	It takes just seconds for many ____ to judge the visual image we present.
	a) workers	b) interviewers	c) researches
2.	The interviewer is a skilled ___, so he knows in advance what he is really
	looking for.
	a) professional	b) master	c) worker
3.	How do you think you _____ when meeting people for the first time?
	a) feel	b) come across	c) convince
4.	Personal ____ is increasingly important in business life.
	a) behaviour	b) image	c) feelings
5.	The successful candidate should have at least 3-years ____ in office
	management at international level.
	a) qualifications	b.)efficiency	c) experience

Задание 4. Верны T (true) или неверны F (false) следующие утверждения:

1.	The job interview lasts about half an hour.
	a)	T	b)	F
2.	The candidate for the position must persuade an employer that he is the right
	kind of a person.
	a)	T	b)	F

3.It is forbidden to gather information about the company where you are going for the interview.

a) T

b) F

4. One of the most important elements for many employers is your appearance.

a) T

b) F

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5. Panic and be nervous, it will help you to get a position. a) T b) F

Задание 5. Составьте предложения из предложенных слов:

1)	1. It	2) 1. Learn
	2. your	2. the company
	3. to	3. can
	4. opportunity	4. all
	5. convince	5. about
	6. is	6. you
	7. employer
	8. the
3)	1. Some	4) 1. Your
	2. difficult	2. is
	3. like	3. pleasant
	4. interviewers	4. to be
	5. questions	5. job
	6. to	6. confident
	7. candidates	7. and
	8. ask
5)	1. He
	2. candidate
	3. is
	4. this
	5. successful
	6. for
	7. position
	8. a

3.1.5. Дополнительные тексты для чтения

Preparing a Resume

David Richardson (Parcels Ltd.’s personnel manager): I’m pleased to meet you, Andrei.

Andrei Mironov (The candidate for the position of Foreign Affairs Consultant): I’m happy to meet you, Mr. Richardson.

David: The interview will be held in English for me to see your language level. So you’re a graduate of the Ural Social Economic Institute. Do you have any work experience?

Andrei: Yes, I do. Being a fourth-year student I had a part-time job in the marketing department of the international company dealing with computer equipment. Well, a year ago I got a chance to get a college education in the United States. Plus it was a unique chance to improve my English and I decided to take it. But while I was away the company hired another specialist and that’s why I am

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looking for a new job now. At the present time I am a clerk and it is not the job to satisfy my ambitions.

David: Don’t loose heart. Being a clerk is not what you have dreamed of. But if you have a good professional background, sooner or later you will get a job in your special field. Do you have a resume?

Andrei: Yes, I do. Here it is.

David (reading the resume): That kind of resume won’t get you a high-level job. Major companies receive about 300 resumes a week. They ignore 290 of them. Many job hunters stress details that are not counted. In this resume of yours, these long Russian words and names are rather confusing for an employer.

Andrei: Sometimes it's rather difficult to decide what to stress and what to leave out.

David: An employer’s main interest is what you can do for the company. Include information that shows that you are the right kind of person for the job. Leave out everything that might give an employer a reason for passing you by. If the employer realizes that you are the right man for a particular position he will give you an appointment.

Preparing for a Job Interview

Andrei: Good morning, Vladimir Leonidovich. I asked you for a meeting to get your advice how to be successful during the job interview.

Vladimir Goryachev, the top Manager of the Foreign Department (Andrei’s previous place of work): Of course I will help you, Andrei. You have a reasonable resume. By reading it your potential employer can see what abilities qualify your job as a Foreign Department Manager. Your job objective is indicated. I hope your revised resume will lead to a successful job interview.

Before going to the interview, try to get information about the company or the job you would like to get into. For example, if you have an interview at a large enterprise, you will make a better impression in case you are familiar with the general directions of the company’s business.

If you are well informed your confidence is up. You are a rather experienced specialist. You will be asked questions that you can answer easily. Your best guide is to rely on your own common sense. There are, however, some common rules for the interviews.

When greeting the representative of the company, wait until he moves to shake hands. You should also wait until he offers you a seat.

Andrei: But what about the usual questions people are asked during an interview?

Vladimir Goryachev: The most common questions are, for instance: Why are you interested in joining our company? Why do you feel qualified for this job? What do you know about the company? Do you enjoy working in a team? Are you willing to work overtime? They may ask you to tell about your experience in this professional field.

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