Russky

Jhev \ ij_^eh`_gbb

Ijbf_ju j_dZ <he]Z :g^j_c xghrZ ghqv k_eh Gh\bgdb

K ]eZ\guf keh\hf kms \_ldZ ZdZpbb gZ±by p\_lhd y[

ehgb kde dhfZg^bj [ZlZj_b kde J i ebkl ba l_ljZ^db

kde J i jZkkdZa FZjbb gZ±by Kl_iZgh\gu kde J i

K ]eZ\guf keh\hf ]eZ]hehf r_kl\m_l ih iehsZ^b kde

`be \ kZgZlhjbb gZ±bc reb ih Zee__ kde > i hklZgh\bebkv

\ ms_ev_ kde jZ[hlZlv \ aZ[h_ kde hl^uoZlv gZ ih[_j_`v_

kde e_qbeky \ ]hkiblZe_ kde \_jgmeky k ]jZgbpu kde

J i \ulZsbe ba ijhjm[b kde

G_m^Zqgh_ agZdhfkl\h

KbfiZlbqguc ^hfbd

©Imklbl_ i_j_ghq_\Zlvª ©K dZdbo ihj ilbpu m [_ehd gh

qmxl" ªIjhqv

AZe_l_eZ ;_j_]h\mrdZ \ ]mklhc e_k kfhljbl gZ \ukhdhc _eb gZ

lheklhf kmdm \ukljh_g ^hf <_kv ba kmqv_\ ba iZehd djm]euc Z

bagmljb fho lhjqbl±l_ieuc fy]dbc ©<hl ohjhrbc ^hf±^mfZ_l

hgZ±ijhqguc b k djur_cª

Ih^e_l_eZ fZe_gvdZy ;_j_]h\mrdZ d [hevrhfm ^hfm ihklmqZeZ

dex\bdhf \ kl_gdm b ijhkbl `Zeh[guf ]hehkdhf

±<imklbl_ ih`ZemcklZ ohayxrdZ i_j_ghq_\Zlv

: ba ^hfZ \^jm] dZd \ukmg_lky ju`Zy a\_jbgZy fhj^Z k hllhiu

j_ggufb mkZfb k `_elufb am[Zfb >Z dZd aZjuqbl kljZrbebs_

± K dZdbo wlh ihj ilZob ih ghqZf klmqZl ghq_\Zlv ijhkylky d

[_edZf \ ^hf"

H[f_jeZ ;_j_]h\mrdZ

k_j^p_ dZfg_f miZeh HlrZlgmeZkv

ijhqv \a\beZkv gZ^ e_khf ^Z klj_f]eZ\ [_a h]ey^db ±gZml_d

< < ;bZgdb

Qe_gu ijhklh]h ij_^eh`_gby

qe_gu ij_^e

\hijhku

ih^e_`Zs__

dlh"qlh"

kdZam_fh_

qlh ^_eZ_l"qlh lZdh_"dZdh\"

^hiheg_gb_

\hijhku dhk\ iZ^_`_c

hij_^_e_gb_

dZdhc"q_c"

h[klhyl_evkl\h

]^_"dh]^Z"dm^Z"aZq_f"dZd"

GZ^ fhbf hdghf ih^ dZjgbahf k\beb ]g_a^h ijh\hjgu_

ljykh]madb G_mlhfbfh ihjoZeb hgb gZ k\hbo e_]dbo djueurdZo

\hdjm] ]g_a^Z Oehihleb\h ghkbeb ilbqdb \ dex\Zo ^ebggu_ dhg

kdb_ \hehkbgdb kmohc fho ljZ\bgdb ^_j]Zeb ba iZah\ [j_\_gqZlhc kl_gu fy]dmx iZdex B K Khdheh\ Fbdblh\

Ijh\hjgu_±rmklju_ [uklju_ eh\db_ ;j_\_gqZlhc±ijbeZ] Kl_gu dZdhc"[j_\_gqZlhc ;j_\_gqZluc \ ` j _^ q J i

;j_\_gqZlhc

Dm^Z [u y ohl_e ih_oZlv e_lhf b ihq_fm"

Y \k_ qZs_ aZ^mfu\Zxkv h e_lgbo dZgbdmeZo±\_^v hgb m`_ lZd [ebadh IeZgh\ gZ dZgbdmeu m f_gy hq_gv fgh]h gh [hevr_ \k_]h y ohqm ih_oZlv gZ fhj_

< ijhrehf ]h^m y \i_j\u_ m\b^_e fhj_ Hgh f_gy ihjZabeh Fhj_ \k_]^Z jZagh_ < lbomx b kheg_qgmx ih]h^m± \ rlbev± hgh yjdh ]hem[h_ dZd [_ah[eZqgh_ g_[h < rlhjf fhj_ k\bj_ih_ yjhkl gh_ hgh aeh[gh [jhkZ_lky gZ ijb[j_`gu_ dZfgb b juqbl [m^lh oh q_l bo ih]jualv Y ex[be \ lZdmx ih]h^m ijboh^blv gZ [_j_] b ^m fZlv h[ hl\Z`guo fhjydZo dhlhju_ k_cqZk ieu\ml ih [mrmxs_fm fhjx [hjxlky kh klbob_c : \ ^h`^v fhj_ kh\k_f keb\Z_lky k g_ [hf ]jZgbpZ fhjy b g_[Z bkq_aZ_l

Mljhf y ijb[_]Ze gZ fhj_ \klj_qZlv jZkk\_l Z \_q_jhf ieZ\Ze ih emgghc ^hjh`d_ DZ`_lky qlh fh`gh lZd ^hieulv ^h kZfhc em gu gh gZ^h \ha\jZsZlvky ieulv gZ h]hg_d nhgZjbdZ k dhlhjuf `^ml l_[y gZ [_j_]m

M f_gy _klv Zev[hf om^h`gbdZ :c\Zah\kdh]h y kfhljx gZ _]h dZjlbgu b \kihfbgZx fhj_

Q_j_fmoZ Q_j_fmoZ ^mrbklZy K \_kghx jZkp\_eZ B \_ldb ahehlbklu_ Qlh dm^jb aZ\beZ

Djm]hf jhkZf_^\ygZy

KiheaZ_l ih dhj_

Ih^ g_x a_e_gv ijygZy

Kby_l \ k_j_[j_

: jy^hf m ijhlZebgdb < ljZ\_ f_`^m dhjg_c

;_`bl kljmblky fZe_gvdbc K_j_[jyguc jmq_c Q_j_fmoZ ^mrbklZy

JZa\_kb\rbkv klhbl

: a_e_gv ahehlbklZy

GZ khegurd_ ]hjbl

Jmq_c \heghc ]j_fmq_x

<k_ \_ldb h[^Z_l

B \djZ^qb\h ih^ djmq_x

?c i_k_gdb ih_l

K : ?k_gbg

K_j_[jyguc

Hjnh]jZffu ijh\_jy_fu_ ijZ\beZfb

G_ijh\_jy_fu_

hjn \ dhjg_

\ ijbklZ\d_

\ dhjg_

jZa`_qv k^_eZlv

rzihl pbjdmev y]h^dZ

]b]Zglkdbc

[bghdev

ebg_cdZ ijhkv[Z [_j_]

gZ^dmkblv

\ujZs_guc q_klguc

h[kuiZlv bki_qv

^heh`blv aZjhkeb

ij_^eZ]Zlv

<dexq_gu g_ijZ\bevgh \ x ]jZnm [eZ]hjh^guc ijh^Z

\Zlv \ulygmlv \h x ]jZnm \udhiZlv klZjZl_evguc

IZjgu_

G_ijhbaghkbfu_

G_ijh\_jy_fu_ kh]e

kh]e

kh]e

ieh^

khegp_

eh^dZ

iha^gh

jxdaZd \hdaZe

fhjha

f_klguc

;_a]jZgbqguc±[_kij_^_evguc \u[_jm±\u[bjZlv ijbeZ

]Zlv±ijbeh`blv jZklb±\ujhk±\ajZs_gguc

? H \ dhjg_ ihke_ rbi

Qm]mg

Rhjho bkde

Puie_ghd bkde

smdZ

`_em^v

pu]Zg bkde

iZjZrxl bkde

rh\ bkde

iZgpbjv

[jhrxjZ bkde

`_eluc

pbjdmev

eu`b

q_jguc

pbdZ^Z

qZsZ

q_jlZ

pbnjZ

Mljh [ueh ij_djZkgh_ G_^Ze_dh_ ha_jh qmlv qmlv jy[beh hl

e_]dhc au[b Ih\_kl\ g_\hkde ijhklh_ jZkijhklj =eZaZ g_\hev

gh k`bfZebkv hl hke_ibl_evgh]h [e_kdZ kheg_qguo emq_c dhlhju_

k\_jdZeb lh ZefZagufb lh bamfjm^gufb bkdjZfb \ \h^_ IeZdmqb_

[_j_au dmiZeb \ ha_j_ k\hb \_l\b b dh_ ]^_ [_j_]Z ihjhkeb hkhdhc

\ dhlhjhc ijylZebkv [hevrb_ `_elu_ p\_lu B : =hgqZjh\

Lmjbklkdb_ ihoh^u \u[bjZlv fZjrjml ihaZ[hlblvky h kgZ

jy`_gbb dj_idmx [_q_\dm ly`_euc jxdaZd iml_r_kl\h\Zlv gZ

eh^dZo rexidZo \ \ukhdbo aZjhkeyo qm^_kguf e_lgbf mljhf jZa

[b\Zlv eZ]_jv jZa`b]Zlv dhkl_j jZkiheh`blvky \ iZeZld_ baj_^dZ

kh[bjZlv dhee_dpbx e_dZjkl\_ggu_ jZkl_gby

Qm^_kguf±ijbe Mljhf dZdbf"qm^_kguf

Qm^_kguc iheg \ _^ q kj j L i

Qm^_kguf

G_l ^_fhgkljZpbb Zdpbb hl ZdZpbb ba kblmZpbb \ kZgZ

lhjbb h klbohl\hj_gbb h[ mfgh`_gbb ijb ]hj_gbb

Ih kl_ib d ghqb [_a l_gb ih iehsZ^b m ijbklZgb

Kbgbf ieZldhf qbkluf dexqhf k\_leuf ieZshf ^Zevgbf

k_ehf \_jguf lh\Zjbs_f

<b^bl ex[brv kljhyl de_brv ^urbf

kms_kl\bl_ev

kde±> i I i

D a_fe

_

\ a_fe

_

gh_

kde±I i

h k_e_ h dhg_

lh\Zjbs_f kblp_f

[_am^Zjghf hdhgqZgbb

ijbeZ]Zl_ev

Kbg

_]h

g_[Z kbg

_c

lZ

gh_

H DZdh]h" DZdhc" DZ

j_edb kbg

_fm

g_[m

dhfm"

]eZ]he

LZ

_rv

ibr_f k\_jdZ_l

kij

@_em^v q_jkl\uc `_kldbc s_db kq_l s_edZ j_r_ldZ

rhjho `_eluc q_jguc r_klu rZ]b `_\Zlv sZ\_ev kh`Ze_lv

hqZjh\Zl_evguc `_el__l r_igmlv q_jkl\_lv qZkh\hc \uqbklblv

rZeblv q_eh\_d jZkq_kZlv ^_r_\_lv rbjhdbc ihq_jg_lv rbih\

gbdhf

Dexqhf lmq_c [hevrhc \jZqhf kZjZgqhc ^Zq_c lh\Zjb

s_f djur_c iZomq_]h dh\rhf k m^Zq_c jhs_c k\_`_]h dZfu

rhf dZeZgqhc d :e_r_ gZ k\_`_f ibr_f \ kZ`_ k ohjhrbf dh

eur_lky ih^ dhexqbf k eZg^ur_f ^urbrv

Dheur_lky±]eZ]he Jh`v qlh ^_eZ_l"dheur_lky

DheuoZlvky g_kh\ \b^Z,kij \ gZkl \j \ _^ q \ f e

Dheur_lky

Ih mljZf \_kv hfml ihdjul lmfZghf LmfZg gZklhevdh ieh

l_g qlh k\_jom dZ`_lky±\ rbjhdmx qZrm E_rZqv_]h hfmlZ ^h ih

eh\bgu gZeblh kgylh_ kbg__ fhehdh K jZa[_]m [jhkZ

_rvky \gba

KgZqZeZ ]heh\hc ijh[b\Z

_rv

lmfZg b lhevdh ihlhf ihiZ^Z

_rv

\

\h^m <ugujb\Z

_rv

±b keh\gh \ kdZad_ ^jm]hc fbj g_ \b^gh [_

j_]h\ g_ \b^gh g_[Z lhevdh evxlky k\_jom jZkk_yggu_ kheg_qgu_

emqb lZbgkl\_ggu_ g_a^_rgb_ : \h^Z l_ieZy aZ ghqv g_ mki_\Z_l

hklulv AZlh dh]^Z \ue_a_rv iZqdZy dhe_gdb h ]ebgbkluc [_j_]

]jm^v k^Z\eb\Z_l hl oheh^Z fhdjh_ l_eh ^ufblky < < L_g^jydh\

V ibr_lky

V g_ ibr_lky

Fheh^_`v

=jZq

ijb\e_qv

]jmr

furv

lj_kdmq

k[_j_qv

dbjibq

ihfhsv

lmq

bki_qv

l_e_i_j_^Zq

ieu\_rv

lh\Zjbs

kl_j_qv

djur

dmiZ_rvky

\jZq

jZa`_qv

fh]mq

\u[_j_rv

`]mq

^jh`v

ldZq

fhsv

fgh]h aZ^Zq

ijbe_qv

ly]mq

jZkkqblZ

fyq

_rvky

iZkl[bs

k\_`

Ebkvy ghjZ ^\_jvx kdZfvy ]jm^vx j_ev_n [Zjv_j

Kt_oZlv k ]hju h[ty\blv kt_klv ih^t_a^ h[tykg_gb_ kt_fdZ

I_j_clb \[jh^ ]em[hdmx b [ukljmx ]hjgmx j_qdm g_ lZd lh

]e

ijhklh K i_j\uo `_ rZ]h\ y ihqm\kl\h\Ze qlh g_ [m^v m f_gy dh

]e

lhfdb aZ ie_qZfb b \ jmdZo dj_idhc iZedb y g_ fh] [u kijZ\blvky k

l_q_gb_f Hl [ukljh [_]ms_c \h^u aZdjm`beZkv ]heh\Z y ihdZq

gmeky b _^\Z g_ miZe Ih\_kl\ g_\hkde keh`gh_ khkl ba o ijh

kluo Kdhjh y aZf_lbe qlh b^lb klZeh e_]q_ ?s_ g_kdhevdh rZ]h\

b fu \ureb gZ f_edh\h^v_ Ih \a^hom \uj\Z\r_fmky m fhbo kiml

gbdh\ y ihgye qlh fu ^_ckl\bl_evgh ih^\_j]Zebkv k_jv_aghc

hiZkghklb Ih < D :jk_gv_\m

<Zgy k [Z[mrdhc ?e_ghc K_j]__\ghc ijb_oZe gZ dZgbdm eu \ ^_j_\gx DZkvygh\h d jh^kl\_ggbdZf >_j_\gy gZoh^blky gZ [_j_]m j_qdb Ebkl\ygdb J_[ylZ oh^beb gZ j_qdm dmiZlvky b [jZeb k kh[hc RZjbdZ E_lhf <Zgy fgh]h qblZe Ijhq_e hg jZkkdZa :g lhgZ IZ\eh\bqZ Q_oh\Z ©I_j_khebeª b jZkkdZa B\ZgZ K_j]__\bqZ ;mgbgZ ©FZjlh\kdZy dZi_evªFgh]h bgl_j_kgh]h magZe hg ba `mj gZeZ©Xguc gZlmjZebklª

GZ dZgbdmeu±kms Ijb_oZe gZ kdhevdh"gZ dZgbdmeu DZgbdmeu gZjbp g_h^mr lhevdh fg q \ < i GZ dZgbdmeu

AZ[blv

M^b\bl_evguc ^b\h

Ih ^hjh]_

ih[_`Ze

i_j_^Z\Zlv ^Zlv

[_a l_gb

jZa[blv

khegp_ khegurdh

h lh\Zjbs_

jZkkfhlj_lv

ijm^ ijm^u

dexqhf

[_afhe\guc

ijml ijmlhf

iZjqhc

[_kkljZrguc

aZkl_eblv

ijbgp_f

aZklbeZlv

k mebpu

jZklmsbc

aZ f_evgbp_c

ih^jhk

i_j_eh`blv

ij_^eZ]Zlv

\u`b]Zlv

jZa`_]

P\_lu b ljZ\u ihdju\Zxl a_e_guc ohef : : ;ehd

Lhgdbc lmfZg jZaeb\Z_lky fhehdhf \ \ha^mo_ b aZklbeZ_l hl^Ze_g

gu_ e_kZ B K Lmj]_g_\ Kib ^bly fh_ mkgb KeZ^dbc khg d

k_[_ fZgb \ gygvdb y l_[_ \ayeZ \_l_j khegp_ b hjeZ : G FZc

dh\ GZ^ djmlufb [_j_]Zfb gZ^ rbjhdbf \Zehf gZ^ iheyfb b

em]Zfb jZ^m]Z \klZ\ZeZ : : Ijhdhnv_\ G_hohlgh b g_kf_eh

khegp_ kfhljbl gZ ihey N B Lxlq_\ Ih\_kl\ g_\hkde ijh

klh_ jZkijhklj hkeh`g_gh h^ghjh^gufb h[klhyl_evkl\Zfb

?s_ \ iheyo [_e___l kg_] Z \h^u m` \_kghc rmfyl N B Lxlq_\

AZklbeZ_l±]eZ]he LmfZg qlh ^_eZ_l"aZklbeZ_l

AZklbeZlv g_kh\ \b^Z,kij \ gZkl \j \ _^ q \ f e

AZklbeZ_l

<hedb gZ lhf dhlm ihdehgbebkv

h[klmibeb f_^\_^y b

klZeb _]h aZ^bjZlv : dha_e ^Z [ZjZg l_f \j_f_g_f ih^o\Zlbeb dhlZ ih[_`Zeb \ e_k b hiylv gZldgmebkv gZ k_juo \hedh\ ;_]ZeZ [_]ZeZ

ebkZ b ihcfZeZ mldm <hl ijbg_k \hed [ZjZgZ h[h^jZe rdmjm b klh bl jZa^mfu\Z_l

<aye dha_e dhlZ ihkZ^be _]h gZ k_[y b ihkdZdZeb hgb hiylv ih ]hjZf ih ^heZf ih kuimqbf i_kdZf Dhl kh]eZkbeky b gZqZeky m gbo ibj ^Z \_k_ev_ B^_l ebkZ b ih\klj_qZeky _c f_^\_^v

A_e_ghc k_lvx ljZ\ ih^_jgml kiysbc ijm^ Z aZ ijm^hf k_eh ^ufblky IhegZy emgZ [e_klbl f_` \_l_e gZ^ ijm^hf b \ha e_ [_j_]Z \hegZ k oheh^guf j_a\blky jmqv_f M` aZ ]hjhc ^j_fm q_x ih]Zk \_q_jgbc emq _^\Z kljm_c ]j_fmq_x k\_jdZ_l `Zjdbc dexq =hjgu_ \_jrbgu kiyl \h lvf_ ghqghc lbob_ ^hebgu ihe gu k\_`_c f]ehc Fheqbl lZ[mg j_dZ `mjqbl h^gZ J_\_l ]jhaZ ^ufylky lmqb gZ^ l_fghc [_a^ghx fhjkdhc <\_jom h^gZ ]hjbl a\_a^Z fhc \ahj fZgbl hgZ \k_]^Z Qbklh \_q_jg__ g_[h ykgu ^Z e_db_ a\_a^u FjZq_g k\h^ g_[_k b lmqb ijh[_]Zxl h^gZ [_a fhe\gh aZ ^jm]hc B]jZxl \hegu \_l_j k\bs_l b fZqlZ ]g_lky b kdjbibl F X E_jfhglh\

Kljm _c

>k@ ±kh]e ]emo l\ >l@ ±kh]e ]emo l\ >j@ ±kh]e a\ l\

>m@ ±]eZkg [_am^

>c@ ±kh]e a\ fy]d >h@ ±]eZkg m^ >c@ ±kh]e a\ fy]d[ a\

Ghqghc±ijbe <h lvf_ dZdhc"ghqghc

Ghqghc iheg \ _^ q ` j I i

Ghqghc

>hjh]hc \gmqh_d kdhjh lu dhgqbrv mqblvky Ijb_a`Zc d gZf \ ^_j_\gx gZ \k_ e_lh Y hq_gv ih l_[_ khkdmqbeZkv FbrZ

IZiZ ibkZe fg_ qlh lu ohq_rv hklZlvky \ ]hjh^_ qlh[u ihkljh blv e_lZxsmx fh^_ev ieZg_jZ Gh wlbf lu kfh`_rv aZgbfZlvky b m gZk Ijb_a`Z_l ^y^y Dhey hg l_[_ ihfh`_l

: agZ_rv dZd m gZk ohjhrh k_cqZk gZ ha_j_"Eh^db m`_ ]hlh\u b lu kfh`_rv dmiZlvky aZ]hjZlv ju[Zqblv iml_r_kl\h\Zlv

Gm dZd m]h\hjbeZ y l_[y"Ijb_a`Zc FbrZh g_ ih`Ze__rv P_emx l_[y

L\hy [Z[mrdZ

©Lu h q_f gb[m^v f_qlZ_rv" ?klv m l_[y dZdh_ gb[m^v kZfh_ [hevrh_ `_eZgb_"ª ± kijhkbe ^y^y K_j]_c ©Ohqm ih]ey ^_lv dZd khegp_ ijhkuiZ_lkyª ±kfms_ggh ijh[hjfhlZe KZgvdZ

Hg ihjueky \ dZjfZg_ ^hklZe h]juahd q_jgbevgh]h dZjZg^ZrZ b \a]eygm\ gZ ^y^x K_j]_y kijhkbe ©=^_ ibkZlv gZa\Zgb_"ª Ih kexgb\ dZjZg^Zr KZgvdZ klZjZl_evgh \u\_e gZ ghkm dhjZ[ey [hev rbfb i_qZlgufb [md\Zfb©F_qlZª? B Ghkh\

ibkvfh ih iZfylb