1) Read the text below.

2) Accomplish the test after the text. The Status of British Teachers

The status of the teachers in Great Britain depends on the status of education. There have always been, in fact, two standards of educational ser­vice: one for the people’s schools; another for the Public schools of the well-to-do in the great majority of which classes are small (about Fifteen to twenty pupils) and the number of teachers in proportion of children is exactly twice what it is in the ordinary schools.

Such educational inequality reveals the class bias (уклон) of educational opportunity.

There is also a difference in the quality of education given in state schools, that is in grammar schools and secondary moderns which exist side by side with comprehensive schools.

The main reason for this difference in quality is the Burnham Ag­reement (1924) which controls the staffing of schools and the salaries to teachers.

The number of staff in a school and the wageі they’re paid depends on the number of Burnham units of a school (not, as one might suppose, on the number of pupils). Pupils up to 13 count as one and a half units, pupils of 13-plus count as 2, those of 15-plus as 4, 16-plus as 6 and those of 17-plus as 10. Up to 1973, the majority of pu­pils in secondary modems left between the age of 15 and 16; now they have to stay till they’re 16. In grammar schools, all pupils stay to 16 to take О-level GCE, and over 50 per cent stay on in the sixth form to take А-levels. As a result grammar schools have many more Burnham units, so are allowed to have more staff and to pay higher salaries. The staff-pupils ratios are about 15 per cent more favourable to grammar schools than to secondary moderns. It’s not surprising that university graduates who choose to teach, try to get grammar school jobs; the posts in secondary moderns are left to the graduates of the colleges of education. In this way the less gifted child­ren have the less qualified teachers and are in larger classes.

The keynote ofthe British Communist Party’s policy in education is to improve substantially,salaries and conditions of work for teachers and to in­crease substantially grants for students. The highest tribute must be paid especially to the teachers, who work in dif­ficult conditions and are underpaid by a so­cial system which undervalues education.

The curricula in Colleges of Education are going to be recognized so that to prepare young teachers for the important new developments taking place in schools — non-streaming and team-teaching . A crucial question is to supply and train many thou­sands of new teachers and to improve their conditions of life and work.

3) Find in the text equivalents to the following:

• соціальний стан

• два рівня в системі освіти

• заможній

• освітня нерівність

• Бернемський договір

• заробітна плата

• одиниці Бернема

• співвідношення між вчителями та учнями

• що обирають професію учителя

• меньш обдаровані діти

• суть, основа

• суттєво покращився

• знак пошани

• низькооплачувана

• недооцінювати

• визнавати

• навчання групою вчителів