Grammar: Трансформація речень з активного стану в пасивний

§1 Для того, щоб змінити речення з активного стану в пасивний, потрібно:

1. Вжити об’єкт дії активного речення в якості підмета пасивного речення.

2. Вжити відповідну форму дієслова to be.

3. Дієслово-присудок активного речення вжити у третій формі.

4. При необхідності вжити суб’єкт дії після прийменників by або with.

5. В заперечному реченні після дієслова to be вжити частку not.

6. В питальному реченні дієслово to be вжити перед підметом.

People make wine from grapes. – Wine is made from grapes. (Вино роблять з винограду.)

They don’t sell flowers in this shop. – Flowers are not sold in this shop. (Квіти не продаються в цьому магазині.)

Do they make bread in this factory? – Is bread made in this factory? (Чи роблять хліб на цьому заводі?)

Sam took these photographs. – These photographs were taken by Sam. (Ці фотографії були зроблені Семом.)

Simon did not send the invitations. - The invitations were not sent. (Запрошення не були надіслані.)

Did they find the book? – Was the book found? (Чи знайшли книжку?)

The children will post the letter tomorrow. – The letter will be posted tomorrow. (Лист відправлять завтра.)

She will not type the letters. – The letters will not be typed. (Ці листи не надрукують.)

Will you show them a new car? – Will a new car be shown? (Чи покажуть нову машину?)

§ 2 Запам’ятайте утворення наступних питальних речень у пасивному стані:

Charles Dickens wrote `Oliver Twist`. – Who was `Oliver Twist` written by? (Ким був написаний `Олівер Твіст`?)

Christopher Columbus discovered America. - Who was America discovered by? (Ким була відкрита Америка?)

The explosion was caused by fire. – What was the explosion caused by? (Що спричинило вибух?)

1 Transform the sentences using Passive Voice

1. He always drives me to work. 2. We play football in summer. 3. She cleans the house every week. 4. They pay him a lot of money. 5. Does she always translate two articles a week? 6. Do they sell tickets at this booking– office? 7. They don’t publish these books in Ukraine. 8. She doesn’t often receive letters. 9. I bought flowers yesterday. 10. Не damaged his car last night. 11. Did you pack all the things yesterday? 12. The police didn’t find the thief last week. 13. They will discuss this question tomorrow. 14. Will he open the meeting at nine? 15. Will you tell your friends about the party? 16. They won’t show this film next week. 17. They can translate this text into Spanish. 18. We must write this report as soon as possible. 19. Who gave you this book? 20. They can’t use cameras here.

2 Transform the sentences using Passive Voice

1. She often tells us stories. 2. She waters the flowers every day. 3. I’ll paint the fence tomorrow.

4. I’ll show him a new book. 5. Mike gave me a camera for my birthday. 6. He’ll do the translation in the evening. 7. The doctor will operate on him in a week. 8. You can find this book in any library. 9. We must send these letters at once. 10. Do they sell milk in this shop? 11. Who gave her that necklace? 12. They didn’t use this room for lectures. 13. What book did he buy yesterday? 14. When will they send the programme of the conference? 15. We can take care of your kitten while you’re away. 16. You mustn’t turn off the computer. 17. Did they design a new series of clothes? 18. Do they speak both English and French in Canada? 19. She usually serves dinner at two o’clock. 20. They won’t complete the design of the building in two weeks.