Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
Metodichka_Fakultety.doc
Скачиваний:
28
Добавлен:
08.11.2018
Размер:
814.08 Кб
Скачать

Unit 2.

Before you read

2.1 Discuss the questions in groups:

  • What do you know about history of electric vehicles?

  • What famous carmakers do you know?

2.2 Read the text and discuss in pairs the formation of electric power industry and its step by step development. Pay attention to the words highlighted:

History of eleсtric motor vehicle

Electric motive power started with a small railway operated by a miniature electric motor, built by Thomas Davenport in 1835. In 1838, a Scotsman named Robert Davidson built an electric locomotive that attained a speed of four miles per hour (6km/h). In England a patent was granted in 1840 for the use of rails as conductors of electric current and similar American patent was issued to Lilley and Cohen in 1847.

Between 1832 and 1839 (the exact year is uncertain), Robert Anderson of Scotland invented the first crude electric carriage powered by non-rechargeable primary cells.

By the 20th century, electric cars and rail transport were commonplace, with commercial electric automobiles having the majority of the market. Over time their general- purpose commercial use reduced to special roles as platform trucks, forklift trucks and urban delivery vehicles, such as the iconic British milk float; for most of the 20th century, the UK was the world’s largest user of electric road vehicles.

Electrified trains were used for coal transport as the motors did not use precious oxygen in the mines. Switzerland’s lack of natural fossil resources forced the rapid electrification of their rail network. One of the earliest rechargeable batteries – the Nickel-iron battery – was favored by Edison for use of electric cars.

Electric vehicles were among the earliest automobiles, and before the preeminence of light, powerful internal combustion engines, electric automobiles held many vehicle land speed and distance record in the early 1900s. They were produced by Baker Electric, Columbia Electric, Detroit Electric, and others and at one point in history out-sold gasoline-powered vehicles.

Nowadays, electric vehicles are hitting the mainstream.

All major carmakers, such as Daimler AG, Toyota Motor Corp, General Motors Corp, Renault SA, Peugeot-Citroen VW and Mitsubishi Corp., are developing new-generation electric vehicles.

2.3 Study the vocabulary of the text below.

1. electric motive power

cредства передвижения работающие на электричестве

2. miniature electric motor

электродвигатель

3. electric locomotive

электровоз

4. conductor of electric current

проводник электрического тока

5. to issue/to grant a patent

выдавать патент

6. to invent

изобретать, создавать

7. сrude electric carriage

экспериментальная

электрическая машина

8. non-rechargeable primary cells

незаряжаемые электрические ячейки, производящие ток посредством необратимой химической реакции

9. commonplace

обычное явление

10. commercial electric automobiles

серийные электромобили

11. platform truck

грузоподъёмник с платформой

12. forklift trucks

автопогрузчик, вилочный погрузчик

13.urban delivery vehicles

городское транспортное средство доставки

14. preeminence

преимущество, первенство

15. lack

отсутствие, недостаток

16. rail network

сеть железнодорожных путей

17. media campaign

кампания, проводимая СМИ

18. public acceptance

принятие (товара, идеи) общественностью

19. outsold

самые продаваемые

20. hit the mainstream

бить рекорды

Comprehension

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]