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Vocabulary

1. separation

pазделение

2. matter

вещество, материал

3. to hypothesize

строить гипотезу

4. to exist

существовать

5. to accept

принимать

6. compound

соединение

7. to recognize

признавать

8. particle

частица

9.to attract

притягивать

10 .bond

соединять

Vocabulary development

3.3 Read the following international words and check their pronounciation in a dictionary.

Carbon dioxide, electron, helium, hydrogen, molecule, neutron, proton, quantum mechanics, subatomic, universe

3.4 Match these words with their definitions.

1. subatomic A) part of an atom which has no charge

2. electron B) two or more atoms

3. neutron C) smaller than an atom

4. molecule D) part of an atom that has a negative charge

5. proton E) a theory developed by physicists to explain the atom

6. quantum mechanics F) part of an atom which has a positive charge

7. carbon G) pulled together

8. attracted H) a chemical element

9. helium I) a chemical element that is lighter than air

10. universe J) the whole cosmos

Comprehension

3.5 Choose the correct answer and complete the sentences.

1 Dalton believed the atom to be

A) an element. B) made of smaller particles.

C) the smallest possible particle. D) his own idea.

  1. Dalton's theories were

  1. generally accepted. B) not tested very carefully.

C) accepted at once. D) not correct.

  1. The number of protons in an element

  1. is the same as the number of electrons. B) is always six.

C) never changes. D) characterizes the element.

  1. Electrons help

A) protons to form elements. B) atoms to be neutral.

C) molecules to become atoms. D) atoms to form molecules.

  1. Hydrogen is

  1. the simplest atom there is. B) present in all atoms.

  2. C )the oldest atom. D) as common as helium.

Writing

3.6 Write a short essay on the steps of atom structure study (80-100 words).

Unit 4

Before you read

4.1 Answer the following questions.

  1. Your future research work will be connected with optical devices namely lasers. What is LASER?

  2. What types of lasers exist?

4.2 Give the translation of the following terms from the text below. Use the dictionary if necessary.

1. energized atoms 8. gas lasers

2. light amplification 9. visible red light

3. stimulated emission 10. semiconductor lasers

4. exited state 11. dye lasers

5. light released 12. diode lasers

6. solid state lasers 13. use low power

7. pumped 14 discharge

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