1.9 Make up short reports on subthemes using key words and word combinations given below.

1. The history of the faculty To be set up, necessity, founding fathers, discoveries in physics, to form the basis of, to train specialists in, to be headed by, the only department, to consist of, to be a landmark, firstly, secondly.

2. The faculty structure, areas of specialization The dean, 4 departments, to introduce, directions of training (B.Sc. degrees), specializations (M.Sc. degrees), specialists (engineers), profession (television cameraman).

3. Training process conceptions, curriculum Training process concepts, subjects, to participate in research work, to be assigned, to be given, fundamental training, adviser, to pay attention to, to do supervised research, to be involved in, to participate in.

4. Job opportunities for graduates To take postgraduate courses, to continue one’s work.

Unit 2

Before you read

2.1 Discuss in small groups.

1. What are the two basic research institutes of the Faculty?

2. What do you know about the Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP)?

2.2 Read the text and choose the best title for it.

A Academician G.I. Budker

B Research in high-energy physics

C The Institute of Nuclear Physics

Institute of Nuclear Physics

The Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP) is one of the world-leading centres in high-energy physics, controlled thermonuclear fusion and applied physics. It is one of the first institutes of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences. The institute was founded in 1958. It originated from the Laboratory of New Acceleration Methods of the Atomic Energy Institute (IAE), headed at that time by I.V. Kurchatov.

A brilliant representative of Kurchatov’s school was G.I.Budker, who had become the laboratory’s head in 1953. The primary subjects studied in Budker’s laboratory were physics and technology of intense electron beams. The progress made and experience gained in this field soon enabled the design and construction of installations with colliding electron-electron and, later, electron-positron beams. Due to this capability there appeared a new direction in the experimental study of elementary particles. In 1968 at the International Conference held in Novosibirsk physicists were called on to start developing a new thermonuclear reactor.

G.I. Budker proposed a breathtaking idea of a fundamentally new approach to the study of physics at high energies - linear colliding electron-positron beams. That idea became a basis for INP’s further development. With the aim of putting into practice the achievements of modern physics and great experience gained by the Institute, G.I. Budker initiated the design and construction of a series of special electron accelerators for the use in radiation technologies. These accelerators opened up basically new possibilities for various branches of national economy. At present, the research activity of the institute is developing in 3 main directions:

-the development of new methods of acceleration of charged particles and creation of new accelerators for scientific and industrial purposes;

-research in high-energy physics using new accelerators;

-research in controlled thermonuclear fusion.

At present the Institute has 30 research laboratories and sectors. The total number of research staff of the Institute is about 490 and among them there are 50 Doctors of Science and more than 160 Candidates of Science, 4 full members and 6 corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The head of the Institute is academician I.A. Skrinsky.

The researchers regularly publish scientific papers and organize scientific meetings at various levels, from International and National Conferences to local workshops and meetings of specialized working groups.

Special emphasis is placed on international contacts of the Institute. Here contacts are maintained with leading centres and laboratories. For example, for many years the Institute has been maintaining close scientific relations with the European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN, Switzerland). The experience obtained at CERN is being applied to new collider projects undertaken at the Institute. One of the latest fields of research is investigation of free-electron laser and its application in biology and industry.