2) Клинический психолог должен быть внимателен к людям.

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МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ

Факультет социальной работы и клинической психологии, I семестр

Тема раздела: Basic approaches to psychology. Branches of psychology. Applied psychology. Biological psychology. Evolutionary psychology. Humanistic psychology. Social psychology. Forensic psychology. Personality psychology.

Время изучения темы: 12 часов

Цель: Овладеть активной лексикой и основными лексико-грамматическими конструкциями, необходимыми и достаточными для построения монологических и диалогических высказываний на тему Basic approaches to psychology

Задачи:

1. ознакомиться с активной лексикой и тренировать ее

2. тренировать грамматические модели

3. тренировка навыков аналитического и информативного чтения, перевода, устного высказывания

Материал для изучения:

1. Куликова⁶, 2003, стр. 6 - 30

2. Murphy

3. Understanding Psychology⁷, 2003, p. 4 - 5

4. Аудиокурс по учебнику Headway Pre-Intermediate

5. Wikipedia

Этапы занятия:

1. Фонетическая и речевая разминка и аудирование

Аудиокурс, Unit IV

а) упражнения на правила чтения 1-2, стр.55

б) беседа по Pre-listening task

в) аудиотекст: Т.11

г) проверка понимания: Comprehension check

2. Аналитическое чтение:

Text Basic approaches to psychology, стр. 10-13

а) предтекстовая лексика: упр.4, стр.13, комментарии к тексту стр.13

б) послетекстовые упражнения: упр. 5, 12 стр. 13, 18

Text стр.23

б) послетекстовые упражнения: упр. 1-4 стр.23, 25-26

Text Branches of psychology (www.wikipedia.com)

1. Learn the words to the text:

branch – отрасль, ветвь

distinctive – отличительный, характерный

perspective – взгляд, вид

obsession – одержимость, навязчивая идея

compulsion – принуждение

conditioning – состояние, условие

behavior - поведение

mainstay – поддержка, опора

to take hold - начать действовать, приступить; принять активное участие; распространяться

cognitive psychology – когнитивная психология; область психологии, занимающаяся главным образом внутренними мыслительными процессами

comparative psychology – сравнительная психология

lifespan – продолжительность жизни

perception – восприятие, ощущение

issue – проблема, разногласие, предмет спора

outcome – результат, последствие, исход

brain – головной мозг

testimony – свидетельство, показания

court - суд

abuse – плохое обращение

pattern – система, структура, образец, пример

diverse – иной, отличный; разнообразный

Branches of Psychology

There are a number of unique and distinctive branches of psychology. Each branch looks at questions and problems from a different perspective. While each branch has its own focus on psychological problems or concerns, all areas share a common goal of studying and explaining human thought and behavior. The following are some of the major branches of psychology within the field today.

1. Abnormal Psychology

Abnormal psychology is the branch of psychology that looks at psychopathology and abnormal behavior. The term covers a broad range of disorders, from depression to obsession-compulsion to sexual deviation and many more. Counselors, clinical psychologists, and psychotherapists often work directly in this field.

2. Behavioral Psychology

Behavioral psychology, also known as behaviorism, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. While this branch of psychology dominated the field during the first part of the twentieth century, its hold loosened during the 1950s. However, behavioral techniques remain a mainstay in therapy, education and many other areas.

3. Biopsychology

The branch of psychology focused on the study of how the brain influences behavior is often known as biopsychology, although it has also been called physiological psychology, behavioral neuroscience and psychobiology.

4. Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on internal states, such as motivation, problem solving, decision-making, thinking, and attention. This area of psychology has continued to grow since it began taking hold in the 1960s.

5. Comparative Psychology

Comparative psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the study of animal behavior. The study of animal behavior can lead to a deeper and broader understanding of human psychology.

6. Developmental Psychology

This branch of psychology looks at development throughout the lifespan, from childhood to adulthood. The scientific study of human development seeks to understand and explain how and why people change throughout life. This includes all aspects of human growth, including physical, emotional, intellectual, social, perceptual, and personality development. Topics studied in this field include everything from prenatal development to Alzheimer's disease.

7. Educational Psychology

Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with schools, teaching psychology, educational issues, and student concerns. Educational psychologists often study how students learn or work directly with students, parents, teachers and administrators to improve student outcomes.

8. Experimental Psychology

Experimental psychology is the branch of psychology that utilizes scientific methods to research the brain and behavior. Many of these techniques are also used by other areas in psychology to conduct research on everything from childhood development to social issues.

9. Forensic Psychology

Forensic psychology is a specialty area that deals with issues related to psychology and the law. Forensic psychologists perform a wide variety of duties, including providing testimony in court cases, assessing children in suspected child abuse cases, preparing children to give testimony and evaluating the mental competence of criminal suspects.

10. Personality Psychology

This branch of psychology is focused on the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that make a person unique. Some of the best-known theories in psychology have arisen from this field, including Freud's stage theory of psychosexual development and Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

11. Social Psychology

Social psychology seeks to explain and understand social behavior and looks at diverse topics including group behavior, social interactions, leadership, nonverbal communication and social influences on decision-making.

2. Translate the words into Russian and say, if they have the same meaning:

Psychology, problems, perspective, focus, psychopathology, depression, sexual deviation, clinical psychologists, psychotherapists, behaviorism, theory, to dominate, idea, technique, therapy, cognitive psychology, motivation, aspects, physical, emotional, intellectual, social, prenatal, student, administrator, experimental psychology, method, mental, criminal, stage, nonverbal communication.