- •Unit 1 from mechanization to automation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Consult a dictionary and mind the pronunciation of the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the words of the same stem:
- •II. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •III. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of the underlined words:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:
- •I. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to “ing-forms” in different functions:
- •II. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to “ed-forms” in different functions:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •II. Answer the questions:
- •III. Do the tasks below:
- •IV. Speak on the development of:
- •V. Make a short report on the historical development of automation.
- •Unit 2 from the history of automation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Read and translate the words of the same stem:
- •II. Read and translate the words and their derivatives:
- •II. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •III. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of the underlined words:
- •IV. Read and translate the sentences. Find the synonyms for the underlined words:
- •Grammar revision exercises
- •I. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the use of the Past Indefinite and the Present Perfect Tenses:
- •II. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Infinitive in different functions:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •I. Complete the sentences with the facts from the text:
- •II. Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Speak on the topics:
- •V. Make a short report on the development of automation technology.
- •Unit 3 modern development of Automation
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Look through text 3a and find 10 international words. Read and translate them.
- •IV. Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Translate the sentences into English using the words from the text:
- •Grammar revision exercises
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Comparison Degrees:
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Passive Infinitive in different functions:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •Complete the sentences with the facts from the text:
- •II. Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Speak on the topics:
- •V. Make a short report on modern developments in automation technology.
- •Unit 4 Theoretical principles of automation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Read and translate the words of the same stem:
- •To process – process – processing – processor
- •III. Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •IV. Add the second word to complete the word-combination:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •II. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •III. Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:
- •IV. Read and translate the definitions and match them with the corresponding terms:
- •Grammar revision exercises
- •I. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to Participle II in different functions:
- •II. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Passive Voice of the verbs:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •I. Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •II. Answer the questions:
- •III. Render the text into English:
- •IV. Do the tasks below:
- •V. Speak on the topics:
- •VI. Make a short report on the principles and theory of automation.
- •Unit 5 the principle of feedback control
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Consult a dictionary and mind the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Look through text 5a and find as many international words as possible. Read and translate them.
- •Look through text 5a and find the words of the same stem. Read and translate them:
- •Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •Read the sentences choosing the proper words and translate them:
- •Translate the sentences into English using the words from the text:
- •Grammar revision exercises
- •Read the sentences in the Passive Voice and translate them by various means. For example:
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of the words “many” and “much”:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •Complete the sentences with the facts from the text:
- •Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •Answers the questions:
- •Give the characteristics of every component of a feedback control system.
- •Make a short report on the closed-loop feedback control system functioning.
- •Unit 6 the principle of machine programming
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Consult a dictionary and mind the pronunciation of the following words:
- •II. Look through text 6a and find the words of the same stem. Read and translate them:
- •III. Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •IV. Read and translate the word-combinations:
- •V. Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •II. Read and translate the definitions and match them with the corresponding terms:
- •III. Translate the sentences into English using the words from the text:
- •Grammar revision exercises
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Modal Verbs and their equivalents:
- •II. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Subjunctive Mood:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •I. Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •II. Answer the questions:
- •III. Speak on the topics:
- •IV. Make a short report on machine programming.
- •Unit 7 Computer-controlled industry
- •Vocabulary
- •To process – обрабатывать
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Read and translate the words of the same stem:
- •II. Look through text 7a and find 10 international words. Read and translate them.
- •VI. Match the antonyms and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •II. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •III. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of the underlined words:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:
- •Grammar revision exercise
- •I. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to “ing-forms” in different parts of speech:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •IV. Speak on the topics:
- •V. Make a short report on computer process control.
- •In the Process Industries
- •Unit 8 From cad/cam to cim
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Look through text 8a and find the words of the same stem. Read and translate them:
- •Match the verbs with the appropriate prepositions. Read and translate them:
- •Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •Read and translate the word-combinations:
- •Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •II. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •Compile the sentences using the table and translate them:
- •Read the sentences choosing the proper words and translate them:
- •Grammar revision exercises
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Voice of the verbs:
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to Participle II in different functions:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •Answer the questions:
- •Render the text into English:
- •Speak on the topics:
- •V. Make a short report on computer-integrated manufacturing.
- •Unit 9 Numerical control as a form of programmable automation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •I. Read and translate the words of the same stem:
- •II. Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •III. Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •Grammar Revision exrcises
- •II. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction:
- •Oral Practice Tasks
- •I. Combine parts a and b to form the sentences and translate them:
- •Unit 10 development of industrial robotics
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •I. Read and translate the words of the same stem:
- •II. Find the English equivalents for the Russian words:
- •III. Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •Industrial Robotics
- •II. Complete the sentences and translate them:
- •III. Translate the sentences into English using the words from the text:
- •Grammar revision exercise
- •I. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the functions of the Infinitive:
- •Oral Practice Tasks
- •I. Agree or disagree to the following statements. Use the expressions:
- •II. Complete the sentences with the facts from the text:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Retell the text in short using the plan below:
- •Unit 11 robot manipulator design
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Read and translate the words of the same stem:
- •II. Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •III. Read and translate the word-combinations:
- •IV. Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •II. Find in the text the English equivalents for the international words:
- •III. Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:
- •Grammar revision exercise
- •I. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the absence of conjunctions in subordinate clauses:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •I. Complete the sentences with the facts from the text:
- •II. Put the points of the plan in the corresponding order:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Do the tasks below:
- •V. Make a short report on the construction and the functions of the robot manipulator.
- •Industrial Robots
- •Unit 12 Robot programming methods
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •II Read the phrases and give their Russian equivalents:
- •III. Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •Grammar revision exercises
- •I. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Modal Verbs and the Subjunctive Mood.
- •II. Translate the sentences into English using the Gerund for the underlined words:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •IV. Do the tasks below:
- •VI. Make a short report on robot programming.
- •Unit 13 Manufacturing applications of industrial robots
- •Vocabulary
- •To assemble – собирать, монтировать
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Look through text 13a and find the words of the same stem. Read and translate them:
- •Find the Russian equivalents for the English words:
- •Choose some English equivalents for every Russian word:
- •Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •Read and translate the word-combinations:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •III. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the conversion of the underlined words:
- •IV. Compile the sentences using the table and translate them:
- •Grammar revision exercises
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Objective Infinitive Construction:
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Subjective Infinitive Construction:
- •Oral Practice Tasks
- •Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •Answer the questions:
- •IV. Supplement every statement with some phrases and make a short report on each point:
- •V. Make a short report on the applications of industrial robots in manufacturing.
- •Industrial robots' functions
- •Unit 14 The functions of automated production lines
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Look through text 14a and find as many international words as possible. Read and translate them.
- •Look through text 14a and find the words of the same stem. Read and translate them:
- •Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •Read and translate the word-combinations:
- •Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:
- •III. Translate the sentences into English using the words from the text:
- •Grammar Revision Exercise
- •Oral Practice Tasks
- •Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •Answer the questions:
- •Supplement every statement with some phrases and make a short report on each point:
- •Make a short report on the use of automated production lines in industry.
- •Unit 15 Automated assembly machines
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Look through text 15a and find the words of the same stem. Read and translate them:
- •Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •II. Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:
- •Grammar Revision Exercises
- •Read and translate the word-combinations paying attention to the Gerund and Participle I:
- •Translate the word-combinations into English using the Gerund or Participle I:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •Agree or disagree to the following statements. Use the expressions:
- •Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Do the tasks below:
- •Supplement every statement with some phrases and make a short report on each point:
- •VI. Make a short report on the use of automated assembly in industry.
- •Unit 16 Automated assembly lines
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Consult a dictionary and mind the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Read and translate the words of the same stem:
- •Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •Match the antonyms and translate them:
- •Read and translate the word-combinations:
- •Consult a dictionary and give the Russian equivalent to every word-combination:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •II. Read and translate the sentences. Find the synonyms for the underlined words:
- •Grammar Revision Exercise
- •Translate the sentences into English using the Passive Voice. For example:
- •Oral Practice Tasks
- •Agree or disagree to the following statements. Use the expressions:
- •Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each part.
- •Answer the questions:
- •Industrial engineering and automation
- •Unit 17 Flexible automation
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Read and translate the words as the verbs and as the nouns:
- •Form the adjectives from the verbs. Read and translate them:
- •Find the English equivalents for the Russian words:
- •Match the synonyms and translate them:
- •Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
- •I. Read and translate the text:
- •II. Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:
- •III. Translate the sentences into English using the words from the text:
- •Grammar revision exercise
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Continuous Infinitive:
- •Oral practice tasks
- •I. Put the points of the plan in the corresponding order:
- •II. Answer the questions:
- •III. Do the tasks below:
- •IV. Make a short report on flexible manufacturing systems.
Unit 3 modern development of Automation
Vocabulary
storage – запоминание; хранение
software –программное обеспечение (ПО)
sensing – считывание; опознавание; восприятие
sensitive – чувствительный
sensory – сенсорный
sensor – датчик, чувствительный элемент; считывающий элемент
derivation –вывод(теории)
to sophisticate – усложнять
integrated circuit – интегральная схема (ИС)
multicircuited device – многоконтурное устройство
to propel – продвигать вперёд; стимулировать
predecessor –предшественник
medium(pl.media) – среда; носитель
memory –память; запоминающее устройство (ЗУ)
bubble memory – память на цилиндрических магнитных доменах (ЦМД-память)
beam-addressable memory – память с адресуемым лучом
array –массив; совокупность; набор
probe –щуп; контактный датчик
machine – машина, станок
machine vision – машинное зрение
versatile – универсальный
guidance –наведение; управление
artificial intelligence –искусственный интеллект (ИИ)
equation – уравнение
governor – (автоматическое) управляющее устройство; регулятор
reasoning – мышление; осмысление
to render – толковать; представлять
statement – предложение; формулировка; оператор
programming statement – оператор программирования
vocabulary exercises
I. Read and translate the words of the same stem:
digit – digital
to program – program – programming – programmable – programmer
to sophisticate – sophisticated – sophistication
to integrate – integrated – integration
to process – process – processing – processor
circuit – circuitry – multicircuited
to store – storage – storing
electron – electronic – electronics
to sense – sense – sensitive – sensitivity – sensor– sensory
to scan – scanning – scanner
to guide – guidance
to differ – different – difference – differential
to govern – government – governor
to assemble – assembly – assembler
II. Look through text 3a and find 10 international words. Read and translate them.
III. Read and translate the word-combinations:
1. computer program, 2. programming command, 3. data-processing capability, 4. laser beam, 5. quality inspection, 6. robot guidance, 7. sensor measurement, 8. control strategy, 9. expert diagnosis, 10. computer science, 11. data storage, 12. part identification, 13. high-level instruction, 14. programming statement.
IV. Make up the word-combinations and translate them:
|
a. theory
b. technology
c. memory
d. system |
Text 3A
I. Read and translate the text:
Modern Developments in Automation Technology
A number of significant developments in various fields have occurred during the 20th century: the digital computer, improvements in data-storage technology and software to write computer programs, advances in sensor technology, and the derivation of a mathematical control theory. All these developments have contributed to the progress in automation technology.
The development of the electronic digital computers called ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) in 1946 and UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) in 1951 has permitted the control function in automation to become much more sophisticated and the associated calculations to be executed much faster than previously possible. The development of integrated circuits in the 1960s propelled a trend toward miniaturization in computer technology that has led to machines that are much smaller and less expensive, than their predecessors, yet are capable of performing calculations at much greater speeds. This trend is represented today by the microprocessor, a miniature multicircuited device capable of performing all the logic and arithmetic functions of a large digital computer.
Along with the advances in computer technology, there have been parallel improvements in program storage technology for containing the programming commands. Modern storage media includes magnetic tapes and disks, magnetic bubble memories, optical data storage read by lasers, videodisks, and electron beam-addressable memory systems. In addition, improvements have been made in the methods of programming computers and other programmable machines. Modern programming languages are easier to use and are more powerful in their data-processing and logic capabilities.
The advances in sensor technology have provided a vast array of measuring devices that can be used as components in automatic feedback control systems. These devices include highly sensitive electromechanical probes, scanning laser beams, electrical field techniques, and machine vision. Some of these sensor systems require computer technology for their implementation. Machine vision, for example, requires the processing of enormous amounts of data that can be accomplished only by high-speed digital computers. This technology is proved to be a versatile sensory capability for various industrial tasks, such as part identification, quality inspection, and robot guidance.
Finally, there has evolved since World War II a highly advanced mathematical theory of control systems. The theory includes traditional negative feedback control, optimal control, adaptive control, and artificial intelligence. The traditional feedback control theory makes use of linear ordinary differential equations to analyze problems, as in Watt's flying-ball governor1. Although most processes are more complex than the flying-ball governor, they still obey the same laws of physics that are described by differential equations. The optimal control theory and the adaptive control theory are concerned with the problem of defining an appropriate index of performance for the process of interest and then operating it in such a manner as to optimize its performance. The difference between optimal and adaptive control is that the latter must be implemented under conditions of a continuously changing and unpredictable environment; it therefore requires sensor measurements of the environment to implement the control strategy.
Artificial intelligence is an advanced field of computer science in which the computer is programmed to exhibit characteristics commonly associated with human intelligence. These characteristics include the capacity for learning, understanding languages, reasoning, solving problems, rendering expert diagnoses, and similar mental capabilities. The developments in artificial intelligence are expected to provide robots and other "intelligent" machines with the ability to communicate with humans and to accept very high-level instructions rather than the detailed step-by-step programming statements typically required of today's programmable machines. For example, a robot of the future endowed with artificial intelligence might be capable of accepting and executing the command "assemble the product." Present-day industrial robots must be provided with a detailed set of instructions specifying the locations of the product's components, the order in which they are to be assembled, and so forth.
Note:
1Watt’s flying-ball governor – центробежный регулятор Уатта
II. Find the English equivalents in the text:
1. важные разработки, 2. соответствующие вычисления, 3. интегральные схемы, 4. выполнять расчёты, 5. многоконтурное устройство, 6. запоминающая среда, 7. языки программирования, 8. измерительные приборы, 9. система управления с обратной связью, 10. электромеханические контактные датчики, 11. машинное зрение, 12. сенсорные системы, 13. обработка информации, 14. линейные простые дифференциальные уравнения, 15. умственные способности, 16. искусственный интеллект.
III. Fill in the blanks and translate the sentences:
The development of electronic … computer has permitted the control function in automation to become more sophisticated.
The development of integrated circuits propelled a trend toward … in computer technology.
Present-day machines are much smaller and less … than their predecessors.
Modern computers are capable of performing … at much grater speed.
The advances in sensor technology have provided a vast array of
measuring … .
Artificial … is an advanced field of computer science.
Modern programming … are more powerful in their logic capabilities.
_______________________________________________________
a. miniaturization, b. calculations, c. digital, d. expensive, e. languages,
f. devices, g. intelligence.