Unit 3 (15). Personnel involved in search and rescue

Grammar:

1. Оборот there + be § 7

2. Participle I § 51

3. The functions of THAT § 35

A. 1. Translate the following international words: canyon [′kænjən], discipline [¢disiplin], perimeter [pə'rimitə], subject [¢sÙbdʒikt], tactical [′tæktikəl], technical [′teknikəl], terrorist [′terərist], federal [′fedərəl], European [,juərə¢pi(:)ən]

A. 2. Learn new words

backpack рюкзак bombing бомбежка commonly обычно cycle [′saikl] цикл disaster бедствие drinks напитки local местный mind ум, разум point указывать private частный quit прекращать relate относиться rescuer спасатель	asset ценное качество excellent отличный forth вперед, дальше hike ходить пешком leader лидер, вождь limitations недостатки participate участвовать perform выполнять relation отношение rest отдыхать, отдых scene место действия search поиски, искать team команда, бригада				advance прогресс, развиваться assistance помощь, содействие backup дублирование, резерв briefing инструктаж; брифинг certify удостоверять, заверять demand требовать, нуждаться diver водолаз, ныряльщик extrication высвобождение fire-fighting пожаротушение respond отвечать, реагировать so так, таким образом, поэтому support поддерживать; поддержка teammate член той же команды
searcher искатель simply просто title название wait ждать	command команда, приказ, командовать, управлять range колебаться в пределах, простираться, достигать seek – sought - sought искать, разыскивать, разузнавать vehicle [′vi:ikl] перевозочное средство (автомобиль и т.д.)
and so forth и так далее definite определенный gear механизм, аппарат		certification удостоверение, выдача свидетельства function назначение, функция; функционировать normal обыкновенный, обычный, нормальный
everyone каждый, всякий, все firefighter пожарный, пожарник incident случай, происшествие rappel спускаться (на веревке) recognize узнавать, признавать rescue [′reskju:] спасать, спасение send – sent – sent посылать sit tight твердо держаться station станция, пост, пункт			chronic ['krɔnik] хронический, застарелый emergency непредвиденный случай, авария manager [′mænidʒə] заведующий, директор media мн. ч. от medium средство, способ non- означает отсутствие или отрицание personnel [,pə:sə′nel] кадры, личный состав share доля, часть; делить(ся), распределять throughout повсюду, на всем протяжении
aside from помимо, за исключением career [kə′riə] карьера, профессия deliver читать (лекцию); доставлять extra сверх-, особо-, вне-, экстра- fitness соответствие, пригодность stage организовывать, осуществлять trainee [trei′ni:] стажер, практикант				act дело, поступок, закон, правило, акт apparatus прибор, инструмент, аппарат keep in mind помнить, иметь в виду meet соответствовать, удовлетвоорять percent = per cent (%) [pə′sent] процент performance исполнение, выполнение senior старший, последний, выпускной

arise – arose – arisen (from, out of) возникать, появляться, являться результатом

A. 3. Translate the following word combinations:

emergency managers, emergency management, management-related programs, a wide variety, throughout the emergency life-cycle, high-level incident command, emergency scene, educational opportunities, seek undergraduate degrees, professional certifications, Search and Rescue, high level of fitness, participate in difficult missions, keep in mind, technical gear, hike up a mountain, a backpack full of equipment, wait as backup, prepare maps, deliverfood and drinks, rescue something from harm, the job title, save lives, share the same equipment, a major disaster, form special units of rescuers, meet certain standards, extra training

A. 4. Read and translate the following groups of derivatives

manage - manager – management, equip - equipment, train – training - trainee, brief - briefing, wide – widely, main - mainly, simple - simply, common - commonly, various - variety, act – to act, support – to support, share – to share, range – to range, command – to command, need - to need, search - to search, rescue - to rescue - rescuer, mix – to mix, form – to form, education - educational, organization – organize, prevention - prevent, preparation – prepare, relation – relate, provide – provision

B. 1. Translate the following sentences

1. There is a launching site on every cosmodrome. 2. While great oceans, seas and rivers cover five sevenths of the Earth's surface, there is no water on the Moon. 3. There was a rich flora on the Antarctic continent several thousands of years ago. 4. There are different cement retarders (замедлители), one of them is raw gypsum. 5. There is no light in space. 6. There are over 180 schools in the US with emergency management-related programs.

B. 2. Translate the sentences paying attention to THAT

1. The professor that lectures on mechanics is the dean of our faculty. 2. He said that he would do his best to help them. 3. The properties of gold are different from those of iron. 4. The work of the new device is much more efficient than that of the old one. 5. The problems of water supply in this city are as important as those of lighting. 9. Water is one of the few substances that man knows. 7. Not many scientists understood Einstein's discovery at that time. 8. That the Earth is round was unknown for a long time. 9. That air and water pollution by industrialization is reaching dangerous levels is realized by everyone. 10. The question that was discussed at the meeting yesterday is of great importance.

B. 3. Translate the sentences

1. Some common English words such as: "school, alphabet, architect, geology", came from the Greek language. 2. All the protons and electrons are the same in all kinds of atoms. 3. Give me some interesting book. I like to read some pages before going to bed. 4. There are some books which I could read several times. 5. These elements have different colours but their chemical properties are the same. Some of them are very important. 6. Such metals as iron, cobalt and nickel are much more magnetic than any other substances.

B. 4. Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle I

1. The wind was rising. 2. When studying metals Mendeleyev divided them into nine groups. 3. When constructing the road it is cheaper to use local materials. 4. P. Curie subjecting certain crystalline materials to pressure observed that they produced an electric charge. 5. Buses are replacing the trams in cities. 6. Natural substances having definite physico-chemical properties are called minerals. 7. Knowing nothing of the dangers we continued our way. 8. The acceleration of a body is proportional to the cause forcing it. 9. The ship met with rough weather while crossing the Indian Ocean. 10. While bombarding the upper layers of the atmosphere, cosmic rays reach the surface of the earth. 11. There is a railway road connecting the town with the capital. 12. While constructing the dam they used new types of concrete. 13. The substance affecting a magnetic field was metallic. 14. When designing a building due attention must be given to structural and economic considerations.

C. 1. Read the text PERSONNEL INVOLVED IN SEARCH AND RESCUE and answer the following questions:

1. What are emergency managers and rescuers trained in?

2. What are the duties of a team member aside from the primary acts of searching and rescuing?

Emergency managers are trained in a wide variety of disciplines that support them throughout the emergency life-cycle. Training is provided by local, state, federal and private organizations and ranges from public information and media relations to high-level incident command and tactical skills such as studying a terrorist bombing site or controlling an emergency scene.

Educational opportunities are increasing for those seeking undergraduate and graduate degrees in emergency management or a related field. There are over 180 schools in the US with emergency management-related programs.

Professional certifications such as Certified Emergency Manager and are becoming more common as the need for high professional standards is recognized by the emergency management community, especially in the United States.

Physical Fitness for Search and Rescue is important. Search and Rescue is often physically demanding, so a moderate to high level of fitness is definitely an asset. However, while a number of them are in excellent physical condition, others have chronic injuries or limitations that prevent them from participating in the more physically difficult missions.

Keep in mind, there are many ways to help a team aside from the primary acts of searching and rescuing. During a mission, not every responding team member hikes up a mountain with a backpack full of equipment or rappels into a canyon, but everyone performs a function, even if that means simply sitting tight and waiting as backup if needed. Tasks might include driving to and from staging areas so other team members can rest, helping to prepare maps and briefings for the missions as they arise, delivering food and drinks to searchers in the field, or driving perimeter roads to contain a lost subject.

Non-mission assistance can include maintaining equipment, such as vehicles and technical gear and so forth.

A Rescuer is a person who rescues something from harm or danger. They are trained in technical rescue, diver rescue, mountain rescue, extrication rescue, or/and advance technical firefighting. The term is commonly used with people who are doing a rescue and in some careers use "Rescuer" as the job title. The job as a rescuer is to mainly to save lives during a dangerous environments.

North America departments have their rescuers mix within normal fire fighters. They share the same equipment and pointed as the leader during a rescue mission. Rescuers have classroom and field training with senior rescue members. The only time when groups of rescuers are in teams are during water rescue, air rescue, mountain rescue, or a major disaster.

Asian departments form special units of rescuers. These rescuers have their own equipments, apparatus or even their own fire station. Training is like a recruit training and the trainees may be asked to quit if their performance does not meet certain standards. After passing training they are sent to a Rescue Unit and given extra training within that unit.

D.1. Discuss the professions that perform important roles in search and rescue. You may use the following: as far as I know, as a matter of fact, in fact

D. 2. Discuss the importance of personal qualities of a rescuer

D. 3. Prove that the duties of search and rescue specialists vary by types of hazards affecting people. You may use the following: on the one hand, on the other hand, as is known

B. 5. Translate the sentences

1. When excavating the ground the workers came upon some very hard rock thus discovering naturally formed concrete. 2. Being brittle, concrete cannot withstand tensile stresses. 3. Having cracks or not, concrete structures must be protected against acids. 4. When being pure, water is a colourless liquid. 5. When compressing a gas heat may be developed. 6. The final choice is dictated by many considerations, including availability, cost and resistance to failure. 7. Using a dictionary you can translate the article. 8. Saying that he left the room. 9. While isolating and separating radium, M. Curie found other radioactive elements. 10. During the experiment the temperature was changing gradually. 11. Measurements of solar radiation reaching the Earth each day make it possible to calculate the surface temperature of the Sun. 12. While absorbing the energy of cosmic rays the upper atmosphere becomes radioactive.

B. 6. Translate the sentences with THAT

1. That computers and industrial robots are important for industrial uses is well known to scientists and engineers. 2. One must realize that the increasing number of cars brings about considerable pollution of the air. 3. The essential feature of higher education in this country is that it combines theory with practice. 4. The fact is that they haven’t calculated the speed of the car. 5. The simplest materials are those which have only one kind of atoms. 6. The research on solar radiation as well as that of the earth's magnetic field became possible due to sputniks. 7. The cities that were destroyed during the war were reconstructed. 8. Take the book home so that you could read it in the evening.

B. 7. Translate the sentences

1. The electronic industry produces some types of minicomputers. 2. Such branches of science as nuclear physics, bionics, cybernetics were known some fifty years ago. 3. The same methods are of great importance for our plant. 4. The Institutes of Technology will develop into universities of technology and at the same time will devote many more hours to the humanities. 5. The engineers of the research laboratory developed some new methods of work.