1. First conditional

If + Present Simple,					will + infinitive without to.
Positive and negative
If	I work hard, she has enough money, we don’t hurry up,					I will pass my exam. she will buy a new car. we won’t be late.
Question
What Where		will	you do she go	if			you don’t go to the university? she can’t find the job?
Use
1) The first conditional is used to express a possible condition and a probable result in the future. You’ll get wet if you don’t take an umbrella.
2) If expresses a possibility that something will happen, when expresses what the speaker sees as certain to happen. If I find your book, I’ll send it to you. When I get home, I’ll have a bath.

Second conditional

If + Past Simple,			would + infinitive without to.
Positive and negative
If	I had more money, she knew the answer, I didn’t have so many debts,				I would buy a CD player. she would tell us. I wouldn’t have to work so hard.
Question
What Which country		would		you do you go to		if	you had a year off? you travelled round the world?
Use
The second condition is used to express unreal or improbable condition and its probable result in the present or future. The condition is unreal because it is different from the facts that you know. If I were Prime Minister, I would increase tax fir reach people. (But I’m not Prime Minister) I would have a party if I lived in a big house. (But I have a small house) Were is often used instead of was in the condition clause.

Grammar exercise.

1. Make sentences beginning with if. Choose from the box.

If

you don’t hurry you pass the exam you fail the exam you don’t want this magazine you want those pictures you’re busy now you’re hungry you need money

we can have lunch now. you can have them. I can lend you some. you’ll get a certificate. you’ll be late. I’ll throw it away. we can talk later. you can do it again.

2. Put in if or when.

1. If I’m late this evening, don’t wait for me.

2. I’m going to do some shopping now. …… I come back, we can have lunch.

3. I’m thinking of going to see Tom. ….. I go, will you come with me?

4. …….. you don’t want to go out tonight, we can stay at home.

5. Do you mind ……. I close the window?

6. John is still at school. ……. he leaves school, he wants to go to university.

7. Shall we have a picnic tomorrow ……. the weather is good?

3. Jill and Sue are waiting at the bus-stop. They are on their way to the cinema. Complete their story. Use the end of the previous sentence to make the beginning of the next sentence.

Oh, dear, the bus is late.

1. If the bus doesn’t arrive soon, we’ll be late.

2. If ……………. late, we’ll miss the beginning of the film.

3. If ………….. the film, we won’t understand the story.

4. If …………… the story, we’ll be bored.

5. If …………… , we’ll probably fall asleep.

6. If …………… , we’ll miss the end of the film.

Let’s not go to the cinema.

4. Put the verb in the correct form.

1. If he had the money, he would buy a fast car. (he/have)

2. Jane likes living in the city. She wouldn’t be happy if she lived in the country. (she/not/be)

3. If I wanted to learn Italian, ………….. to Italy. (I/ go)

4. I haven’t told Ann what happened. She’d be angry if ……… (she/know)

5. If ………… a map, I could show you where I live. (we/have)

6. It’s not a very good hotel. ………………. there if I were you. (I / not / stay)

7. If ………………. nearer London, we would go there more often.

8. It’s a pity you have to go now. ……………. nice if you had more time. (it/be)