3.Answer the questions:

What is a judicial disqualification?

When does it occur?

What is forbidden in legal profession?

Are there any exceptions to this rule?

What punishment can a lawyer involved in a conflict of interest be subjected to?

How can law firms meet their duties?

4. Match the following words with the translation:

to abstain– возвращать незаконно присвоенное

аpplicable– нынешний

recusal– разоблачение

to owe– изолировать

to waive– подвергать

to prohibit– отказываться

to segregate– приносить, дать

to subject– запрещать

adverse– применимый

current– пострадавший

consent– попечительство

affected– враждебный

custody– согласие

disgorgement– воздерживаться

exposure– неподчинение

5. Translate into English

Экономические конфликты

Они представляют собой широкий спектр конфликтов, в основе которых лежат противоречия между экономическими интересами отдельных личностей (групп). Это борьба за определенные ресурсы, льготы, распределения собственности и т. д.

Социальный конфликт

Социальный конфликт представляет собой противоречия в системе отношений людей, которые характеризуются усилением противоположных интересов. Разновидностью социальных конфликтов считаются конфликты трудовые и социально–трудовые. Это большая группа конфликтов, которые возникают очень часто в виде забастовок.

Международные конфликты

В международных конфликтах основными субъектами преимущественно являются государства. Исходя из этого выделяют:

межгосударственные конфликты, национально- освободительные войны (одна из сторон - государство), антиколониальные, войны народов, против расизма,

Виды межгосударственных конфликтов:

   конфликт идеологий

    конфликт из-за политического господства

    территориальный конфликт

    религиозный конфликт

Межгосударственный конфликт часто реализуется в форме войны. Нужно проводить четкую границу между войной и межгосударственным конфликтом: война частично меняет дальнейшее развитие государства, военный конфликт может привести лишь к незначительным изменениям.

Unit 9

1. Read the tongue– twisters as fast as you can

a) I slit the sheet, the sheet I slit, and on the slitted sheet I sit.

b) I need not your needles, they’re needless to me;

For kneading of noodles, ‘twere needless, you see;

But did my neat knickers but need to be kneed,

I then should have need of your needles indeed.

2. Read and translate the text

Types of conflicts of interests

The following are the most common forms of conflicts of interests:

Self–dealing, in which an official who controls an organization causes it to enter into a transaction with the official, or with another organization that benefits the official. The official is on both sides of the "deal."

Outside employment, in which the interests of one job contradict another.

Family interests, in which a spouse, child, or other close relative is employed (or applies for employment) or where goods or services are purchased from such a relative or a firm controlled by a relative. For this reason, many employment applications ask if one is related to a current employee. If this is the case, the relative could then recuse from any hiring decisions. Abuse of this type of conflict of interest is called nepotism.

Gifts from friends who also do business with the person receiving the gifts. (Such gifts may include non-tangible things of value such as transportation and lodging.)

Pump and dump, in which a stock broker who owns a security artificially inflates the price by "upgrading" it or spreading rumors, sells the security and adds short position, then "downgrades" the security or spreads negative rumors to push the price down.

Other improper acts that are sometimes classified as conflicts of interests are probably better classified elsewhere. Accepting bribes can be classified as corruption; almost everyone in a position of authority, particularly public authority, has the potential for such wrongdoing. Similarly, use of government or corporate property or assets for personal use is fraud, and classifying this as a conflict of interest does not improve the analysis of this problem. Nor should unauthorized distribution of confidential information, in itself, be considered a conflict of interest. For these improper acts, there is no inherent conflict of roles, unless being a (fallible) human being rather than (say) a robot in a position of power or authority is considered to be a conflict.