Учебное пособие Английский для бакалавров. Часть 2

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Mrs. Fat: I actually take eight eggs, but I share my breakfast with my toy-poodle dog.

Dr. Jones: I see. Here is my prescription: Don’t change your diet. Change your dog. Replace it with Labrador. Or keep both dogs and share all your meals with them. And here is the telephone number of a vet, who is a very good dog dietitian, just in case your dogs might need a correction of their diet.

===================VOCABULARY NOTES==================

overweight, n	лишний вес
cream, n	сливки
skimmed milk	снятое молоко, нежирное молоко
pie, n	пирог
starter, n	зàкускà
peanuts, n	àрàхис
crisps, n	хрустящий кàртофель
stuff, n	дрянь, чепухà, ерундà
to nibble candies	грызть конфеты (леденцы)
prescription, n	предписàние, рецепт
substantial, a	плотный (о зàвтрàке, обеде)

II. Answer the questions on the dialogue:

1.Why did Mrs. Fat come to the doctor?

2.What are Mrs. Fat’s eating habits?

3.What does she have for breakfast?

4.What does Mrs. Fat have for lunch?

5.What does she have for dinner?

6.What does she eat between meals?

7.Who does she have her breakfast with?

8.What were the doctor’s recommendations?

III. Make up a similar dialogue and stage it with your fellow students.

CONVERSATION

LONDON

=====================VOCABULARY====================

commercial, a	торговый
belong (to), v	принàдлежàть

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epoch, n	эпохà
numerous, a	многочисленный
ancient, a	древний
striking, a	порàзительный, зàмечàтельный
church, n	церковь
fortress, n	крепость
royal, a	королевский
palace, n	дворец
prison, n	тюрьмà
crown, v	короновàть
statesman, n	госудàрственный деятель
bury, v	хоронить
tower, n	бàшня
wealth, n	богàтство
luxury, n	роскошь
splendid, a	великолепный
in memory of	в пàмять о
column, n	колоннà
contain, v	содержàть
priceless, a	бесценный
manuscript, n	рукопись
coin, n	монетà
workshop, n	мàстерскàя
narrow, a	узкий
unimpressive, a	невырàзительный, невпечàтляющий
densely, adv	густо
populate, v	нàселять
	Names

the Bank of England – Àнглийский бàнк Tennyson [ tenisn] – Òеннисон

	the Stock Exchange [ st k iks t eind ]						Kipling [ kipliŋ] – Êиплинг
	– Ëондонскàя фондовàя биржà						Westminster	Palace [ westminst r
	the Old Bailey [ ould beili] –
							pælis] (the Houses of Parliament)
	Öентрàльный			уголовный		суд,
	нàходящийся в Îлд-Áейли						– Âестминстерский дворец (здàние
							àнглийского пàрлàментà)
	St.	Paul’s	Cathedral		[s nt	‘p :lz
							Big Ben – “Áиг Áен”, “Áольшой Áен”
	k i:dr l] – собор св. Ïàвлà						(колокол чàсов-курàнтов нà здàнии
	(глàвный собор àнгликàнской церкви)						пàрлàментà,	бой		которых
	Sir Christopher Wren [ s : krist f						передàется ежедневно по рàдио кàк
	ren] – Êристофер Ðен						сигнàл точного времени)
							Buckingham	Palace	[b kiŋm
	the	Tower	[ tau ]		of London –
							pælis] –	Áукингемский		дворец

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Ëондонский Òàуэр	(глàвнàя королевскàя резиденция в
Julius Caesar [ d u:li s si:z ] –	Ëондоне)			[tr fælg
Þлий Öезàрь	Trafalgar	Square
William the Conqueror [ wilj m ð	skw ]	–	Òрàфàльгàрскàя
kŋk r ] – Âильгельм Çàвоевàтель,	площàдь
Âильгельм I (первый король из	Nelson’s Column [ nelsnz k l m] –
нормàннов в Àнглии)	Êолоннà	Íельсонà		(пàмятник
Westminster Abbey [ westminst r	àдмирàлу Íельсону)			[ næ nl
æbi] – Âестминстерское àббàтство	the National	Gallery

Newton [ nju:tn] – Íьютон

Darwin [ da:win] – Äàрвин

Chaucer [ t :s ] – ×осер

Dickens [ dikinz] – Äиккенс

gæl ri] – Íàционàльнàя гàлерея (крупнейшее в Âеликобритàнии собрàние кàртин)

the National Portrait [ p :trit]

Gallery – Íàционàльнàя портретнàя гàлерея

the British Museum – Áритàнский музей (один из крупнейших в мире)

I. Read the text 'London’. Answer the questions after it.

LONDON

London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. Its population is about 8 million.

London is one of the oldest and most interesting cities in the world. Traditionally it is divided into several parts: the City, Westminster, the West

End and the East End. They are very different from each other and seem to belong to different towns and epochs.

The heart of London is the City, its financial and business centre. Numerous banks, offices and firms are situated there, including the Bank of England, the Stock Exchange and the Old Bailey. Few people live here, but over a million people come to the City to work. There are some famous ancient buildings within the City.

Perhaps the most striking of them is St. Paul's Cathedral, the greatest of English churches. It was built in the 17th century by Sir Christopher Wren. The Tower of London was founded by Julius Caesar and in 1066 rebuilt by William the Conqueror. It was used as a fortress, a royal palace and a prison. Now it is a

museum.

Westminster is the historic, the governmental part of

London.

Westminster Abbey has more historic associations than any other building in Britain. Nearly all English kings and

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queens have been crowned here. Many outstanding statesmen, scientists, writers, poets and painters are buried here: Newton, Darwin, Chaucer, Dickens, Tennyson, Kipling, etc.

Across the road from Westminster Abbey is Westminster Palace, or the Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British Parliament. The Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is famous for its big hour bell, known as "Big Ben".

Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the Queen.

The West End is the richest and most beautiful part of London. It is the symbol of wealth and luxury. The best hotels, shops, restaurants, clubs, and theatres are situated there. There are splendid houses and lovely gardens belonging to wealthy people.

Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in memory of Admiral Nelson's victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's Column stands in the middle of the square.

On the north side of Trafalgar Square is the National Gallery and the National Portrait Gallery. Not far away is the British Museum — the biggest museum in London. It contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc, and is famous for its library.

The East End is the poorest district of London. There are a lot of factories, workshops and docks here. The streets are narrow, the buildings are unimpressive. The East End is densely populated by working class families.

QUESTIONS

1.Is London the largest city in the world?

2.What’s the population of London?

3.Traditionally London is divided into several parts. Can you name them?

4.What do you know about the City?

5.Who was St Paul’s Cathedral built by?

6.Who founded the Tower of London? When was it rebuilt?

7.What is the historic, the governmental part of London?

8.What building has more historic associations than any other building in London?

9.What is Big Ben?

10.Can you describe Trafalgar Square?

11.Where do the working people of London live?

12.What are the most famous London museums and art galleries? II. Match the two halves

1.	London	a) is the official residence of the Queen.
2.	The Bank of England	b) is the geographical centre of London.
3.	The City	c) was founded by Julius Caesar.
4.	St. Paul’s Cathedral	d) is across the road from Westminster Abbey.
5.	The West End	e) is one of the most famous ancient buildings

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6.	Westminster Palace	within the City.
7.	Trafalgar Square	f) is the place where most English kings and queens
8.	Buckingham Palace	have been crowned.
9.	The Tower of London	g) is situated in the heart of London, in its financial
10.Westminster Abbey		and business centre.

h)is the symbol of wealth and luxury and the most beautiful part of London.

i)is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and commercial centre.

j)is the oldest part of London where few people live but over a million people come to work here.

III.Decide if the following is true (T) or false (F). Correct the false statements.

1.The Tower of London is the place where nearly all English kings and queens have been crowned.

2.Westminster is the financial and business centre of London.

3.St. Paul’s Cathedral is situated in the West End.

4.The Tower of London was founded by William the Conqueror.

5.Westminster Palace is the seat of the British Parliament.

6.The National Gallery is the biggest museum of London and contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures and is famous for its library.

7.A lot of factories, workshops and docks are situated in the East End.

8.The big hour bell of the Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is known as “Big Ben”.

9.Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of the City.

10.There are some famous ancient buildings within the City, the Tower of London is among them.

IV. Name the main sights of London and say what you know about them.

V. Read the text ‘The Capital of Great Britain’. The vocabulary will help you understand the text.

THE CAPITAL OF GREAT BRITAIN

London, the capital of Great Britain, is a big city. It covers more than 600 square miles and consists of 33 separate boroughs, including

the City, the West End, the East End and houses of 7 million people. They say, big cities are not always different. Modern buildings,

modern shops and stores, hotels and cinemas look alike in today’s

cities. But some things you can only see in London. What are they? In London you find Beefeaters and Pearly Kings and Queens.

You find Covent Garden and Madam Tussaud’s.

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Britain has more living symbols of its past than many other countries, and its capital boasts many ancient buildings like the Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, or St. Paul's Cathedral.

London is a royal city. The British king or queen has a palace there – Buckingham Palace. Queen Elizabeth lives there now. Tourists can see the everyday ceremony called ‘the Changing of the Guard’. Every day a new guard of thirty guardsmen marches to the palace and takes the place of the “old guard”.

The Tower of London, built in 1078 by William the Conqueror to protect the city, is an interesting place with its Beefeaters and the Crown Jewels.

The Imperial State Crown is one of the Crown Jewels in the Jewel House in the Tower of London. It has 3000 stones in it: diamonds, red rubies, blue sapphires, and beautiful pearls. The queen wears it on state occasions. Then it goes back to the Tower. The Beefeaters guard the Tower and the Crown Jewels, and they help visitors.

Every year there are historical ceremonies, for example, the State opening of Parliament, when the Queen reads a speech from the throne in the House of Lords, or the Lord Mayor’s Show, in which the newly elected Lord Mayor travels in a golden coach along the streets.

London is a city, but to Londoners ‘the City’ is a place in London. The banks and big companies have their head offices there. City offices are in tall modern buildings, or in old buildings in narrow streets. The office people do not live in the City, they come to the City every day, from Monday to Friday.

Five important streets meet at Piccadilly Circus in London's 'West End'. The cars, the tourist coaches, the red London buses, and the taxis go round a statue there. It is not a statue of a famous man or woman. People don't remember the statue's real name. They say: ‘It’s Eros, the Greek god of love.’

Piccadilly Circus is a very busy place. It is busy day and night. People come here to the shops in the day time, and at night they come for a night out. They can eat in one of the restaurants in the West End near Piccadilly Circus. They can get food from twenty different countries in West End restaurants.

Londoners, and visitors, can go to a theatre in the West End, or to a concert, to an opera or a ballet. And there are fifty cinemas near Piccadilly Circus. West End hosts museums and galleries, among them are the Tate Gallery, the National Gallery, the National Portrait Gallery and the British Museum.

The ‘East End’ is the area of London where people from abroad have come to find work. It is especially famous as the centre of the clothing industry in London and as a market place. Every Sunday morning it becomes one of the sights of London.

London is packed with interest and it's all in colour. So whether you're new to the city, or you've visited it before there will be something exciting in London.

=====================VOCABULARY====================

cover, v	зàнимàть территорию
separate borough	отдельный пригород
Beefeaters	“мясоеды”	(прозвище	дворцовой
	стрàжи	или	стрàжников

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	лондонского Òàуэрà)
Pearly King (Pearly Queen)	“перлàмутровый	король”
	(перлàмутровàя	королевà)
	(победители	проводимого	в
	лондонском Èст-Ýнде конкурсà
	трàдиционной	одежды уличного
	торговцà/торговки)
look alike, v	быть похожими
boast, v	гордиться
royal city	королевский город
guard, n	стрàжà
march, v	мàршировàть
protect, v	зàщищàть
diamonds, n	бриллиàнты
red rubies, n	рубины
sapphires, n	сàпфиры
pearls, n	жемчуг
state occasion	госудàрственнàя церемония
newly elected	вновь избрàнный
golden coach	золоченàя кàретà
tourist coach	туристический àвтобус
statue, n	стàтуя
clothing industry	производство одежды

VI. Answer the following questions:

1.How large is London?

2.What things can you see only in London?

3.Can you name any ancient buildings situated in London?

4.What ceremony can tourists see at the Buckingham Palace?

5.Where is the Imperial State Crown?

6.What is Piccadilly Circus?

7.How can a tourist spend his time in the West End?

8.What would you like to see in London?

VII. Find in the text the equivalents for the following words and phrases:

1)отдельные пригороды;

2)похожи;

3)живые символы;

4)гордиться;

5)церемония, нàзывàемàя «сменà кàрàулà»;

6)гвàрдейцы;

7)бифитеры, «мясоеды»;

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8)королевские регàлии (короны, скипетры и другие дрàгоценности; используются монàрхом нà официàльных церемониях; хрàнятся в Ëондонском Òàуэре);

9)Èмперскàя церемониàльнàя коронà;

10)официàльное открытие сессии пàрлàментà;

11)пàрàд лорд-мэрà;

12)служàщие;

13)греческий бог любви;

14)днем;

15)рàйон Ëондонà;

16)рынок (рыночнàя площàдь);

17)достопримечàтельность;

18)что-то увлекàтельное.

VIII. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Áритàнии горàздо больше символов прошлого, чем во многих других стрàнàх.

2.Ëондон – величественный город. Ó короля и королевы здесь есть свой дворец, Áукингемский.

3.Êàждый день гвàрдия (стрàжà) из тридцàти гвàрдейцев мàрширует вдоль дворцà, производя смену кàрàулà.

4. Òàуэре Ëондонà хрàнится королевскàя коронà.  ней 3000 кàмней: бриллиàнты, рубины, сàпфиры и крàсивый жемчуг. Êоролевà нàдевàет ее во время торжественных госудàрственных церемоний.

5.Ïикàдилли – оживленное место в Ëондоне. Äнем нàрод приходит сюдà зà покупкàми, à вечером – это место отдыхà.

6.Âосточный рàйон Ëондонà – это место, кудà стекàются люди со всего мирà в поискàх рàботы.

7. Ëондоне очень много интересного, и он очень рàзнообрàзен. Òàк что невàжно, приехàли ли вы сюдà впервые или уже бывàли здесь прежде, вàм все рàвно будет что посмотреть в этом городе.

IX. Act as a guide. Make up a plan of your tour around London. Invite your friends to follow you. The map of London will help you.

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X. Read the text ‘The Tower of London’. Find the answers to the following questions:

1.What was the Tower of London in ancient times?

2.What was kept there?

3.What is the Tower of London today?

4.Why are the ravens cared so carefully in the Tower?

5.What tradition has been kept since reign of Henry VIII?

THE TOWER OF LONDON

The Tower of London was begun by William the Conqueror as a fortress and palace. Later kings made it larger and stronger and kept soldiers, armour, weapons, treasure, and sometimes important prisoners there. For five hundred years coins of realm were minted at the Tower and official documents were stored in some of the castle buildings. There was even a zoo there which began as the king’s private collection of animals.

Nowadays it is busy with thousands of visitors. In fact the Tower today is like a traditional English village. The ravens are certainly among the most important residents in the Tower, for – so the story goes – if they ever leave, the Tower will fall and England with it. These days there are usually about six ravens hopping and pecking around the Tower lawns in the daytime. One of the Yeoman Warders cares for them. He feeds them on raw meat, biscuits soaked in blood, rabbits’ heads, fruit and eggs. He takes them back into their cage every night, and from time to time clips their wings - just to make sure that they never do leave.

The Yeoman Warders have guarded the Tower since reign of Henry VIII. Every day at the Tower ends with the Ceremony of the Keys. The soldiers of the Tower Guard escort the Chief Yeoman Warder as he locks the outer gates. When this is done the guard salute “the Queen's keys” and the Chief Warder calls out “God preserves Queen Elizabeth”. Then he takes the keys to the Governor in Queen’s House. The Tower of London is safe and secure for the night. It is a very old ceremony – 700 years old.

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