Exercises

I. Learn the following words, groups of words. Translate the sentences.

1. to amount to — доходить до. The electric power gen­eration in Russia amounted to a great figure.

2. at will — по желанию. The temperature in this room can be regulated at will.

3. considerable — значительный. We pay considerable attention lo the construction of steam power stations.

4. distribution — распределение. Power distribution is indicated by a straight line in this figure.

5. to emit — излучать, выделять, испускать. A hot body emits heat.

6. equipment — оборудование. This equipment is re­liable in operation.

7. expensive — дорогой. Nuclear fuel is more expensive than mineral fuel.

8. growth — рост, увеличение. The growth of cities requires the increase of power generation.

9. range — диапазон. This measuring instrument has a wide temperature range.

10. to reduce — понижать, уменьшать. High voltage is usually reduced at distribution substations.

11. to result in — приводить к; заканчиваться. The sci­entist's work resulted in a great discovery.

12. successfully — успешно. Our industry successfully de­velops powerful reactors.

13. transmission — передача. Underground cables are used for power transmission in large cities.

14. tension — напряжение. High-tension transmission lines cross our country from East to West.

15. wave — волна. A.S. Popov experimented with electromag­netic waves.

II. Translate the following groups of words.

considerable success, to emit electrons, load distribu­tion, to reduce power losses, to result in great achievements, growth of population, straight line

дорогое оборудование, передача электроэнергии, зна­чительное расстояние, излучать тепло, распределение времени

III. Give all the meanings of the following words consulting a dictiona­ry:

scale, generation, armature, revolution, commutator, amplitude, iron, needle, second

IV. Complete the following sentences.

1. Owing to the transformer it became possible ... . 2. It was Ampere who ... . 3. The dynamo-electric machines are used for ... . 4. In order to reduce resistance in a wire, it is necessary ... . 5. The waste of useful energy can be decreased … . 6. Coal is burned in order to ... . 7. Lasers are used for ... .

V. Translate the following sentences.

1. Чем сильнее магнитное поле, тем больше ток. 2. Чем больше ток, текущий по проводнику, тем выше температура проводника. 3. Чем меньше труба, тем мень­ше воды проходит через нее. 4. Чем больше скорость движения между магнитным полем и проводниками, тем больше ток. 5. Чем короче проводник, тем меньше сопротивление проходящему току.

VI. For the terms given in (a) find the Russian equivalents in (b).

a) 1. power plant; 2. power supply; 3. power generation; 4. power source; 5. power transmission; 6. power unit; 7. power installation; 8. power substation; 9. power trans­former; 10. power factor; 11. power engineering; 12. power capacity; 13. power distribution; 14. power loss

b) 1. выработка электроэнергии; 2. потеря энергии;

3. электроподстанция; 4. силовой трансформатор; 5. ко­эффициент мощности; 6. производительность; 7. источ­ник энергии; 8. распределение энергии; 9. электростан­ция; 10. передача электроэнергии; 11. силовая установ­ка; 12. источник питания; 13. энергетика; 14. энергоблок

VII. a) Choose the right term; b) explain the statements.

1. The coil of wire that rotates in a dynamo or a motor is known as:

a) a turbine, b) a stator, c) an armature, d) a generator.

2. Running water is an illustration of: a) potential energy, b) kinetic energy, c) electric energy, d) heat energy.

3. Steam generators produce electrical energy from: a) potential energy, b) chemical energy, c) light energy, d) mechanical energy.

VIII. Answer the following questions.

1. What made it possible to transmit electric energy over hundreds of kilometers? 2. Can electric energy be reconverted into mechanical energy? 3. What are transform­ers used for? 4. What do you know about the longest trans­mission line in pre-revolutionary Russia? 5. How long is the Volgograd—Moscow high-tension transmission line? 6. In what way can the heating losses be reduced in trans­mission lines? 7. How can resistance be reduced in elec­tric wires? 8. Why are high-voltage lines used for power transmission? 9. Is it possible to use quantum generators for power transmission? 10. What have theoretical calcula­tions shown?

IX. Make up the annotation of the text and retell it.