Exercises

I. Learn the following words, groups of words. Translate the sentences.

1. achievement — достижение. The invention of the gener­ator was a great achievement.

2. capacity — мощность; способность; емкость. The capacity of Krasnoyarskaya hydroelectric station is six million kW.

3. coal — уголь. Coal is a source of energy.

4. to construct — строить, создавать. Many new houses are constructed in Moscow.

5 to contain — содержать. This magazine contains many useful articles.

8. contribution — вклад. Russian scientists make a great contribution to world science.

7. engineering — техника. The students study electrical engineering at our institute.

8 in question — обсуждаемый, о котором идет речь. The generators in question were constructed in Lenin­grad.

9. installation — установка. There are various electri­cal installations in our laboratory.

10. nuclear — ядерный, атомный. Nuclear fuel is used in the reactor.

11. peaceful — мирный. Peaceful use of nuclear energy began soon after the World War II.

12. in the form — в виде. We use solar energy in the form of heat.

13. power station (plant) — электростанция. The nuclear power station can produce not only electric energy but also heat.

14. to put into operation — вводить в действие. Several large power-stations were put into operation last year.

15. reliable — надежный. Soviet refrigerators are reliable in operation.

16. steam — nap. Steam is used to produce electricity.

17. to supply — снабжать, доставлять, поставлять. Coal is supplied to the power plants.

II. Learn to recognize the following international words.

Mechanical, form, potential, generator, kinetic, turbine, limit, battery, standard, hydroelectric, interest, engineer, type, reactor.

III. Translate the following groups of words.

to construct power stations, reliable installations, to put into operation, to supply energy, an important achieve­ment, nuclear power stations

содержать воду, большой вклад, в виде энергии, строить электростанции, мирный атом, обсуждаемые проблемы

IV. Arrange the words given in (a) and (b) in pairs of antonyms.

a) 1. possible; 2. useful; 3. to construct; 4. present; 5. largest; 6. unlimited; 7. to increase; 8. to lose

б) 1. past; 2. impossible; 3. to find; 4. useless; 5. lim­ited; 6. smallest; 7. to destroy; 8. to decrease

V. Fill in the blanks with prepositions.

1. Electricity plays an important] part ... everyday life. 2. It is difficult to imagine now how people could do ... electricity. 3. As my friend lives near the institute he usu­ally goes there … foot. 4. I often go ... bed late ... night. 5. One form ... energy can be changed ... another form. 6. Only a little part of solar energy is used direct­ly ... present. 7. Russian scientists made a great contribu­tion ... nuclear engineering.

VI. Put all possible questions to the following sentences:

1. Useful energy can be got from a nuclear reactor. 2. The first nuclear power station was constructed in the USSR.

VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type.

1. Modern civilization needs more and more electricity. 2. You needn't go to the laboratory today. 3. The energy needs in industry are increasing day by day. 4. There is no need to use kerosene lamps today. 5. What do we need electric energy for? 6. Cold turns water into ice. 7. The sun, in its turn, turns ice into water. 8. The turbines are turned by steam, gas and water. 9. In their turn, turbines turn generators. 10. The teacher says: "It is your turn to read." 11. When you enter a dark room, turn the light on, and leaving it turn the light off. 12. It is possible to turn solar energy into electric energy owing to semiconductors.

VIII. Ask your group mate the following questions. Let him/her answer them.

1. if it is possible to see a single drop of water in the sea. 2. if the steam generator of a nuclear reactor contains water. 3. if man has learned to split atoms. 4. if atomic energy finds any new application in industry. 5. if the Soviet Union constructed the first nuclear power plant in the world.

IX. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy? 2. What sources of energy do you know? 3. What form of energy can be changed into another form? 4. What are the industrial uses of electricity? 5. Can you name the device which changes chemical energy into electrical energy? 6. What is the difference between a battery and a generator? 7. What may coal be replaced by in future? 8. When was the first industrial nuclear power station put into operation? 9. What contribution to nuclear engineering did Russian scientists make? 10. What electrical devices do you use at home? 11. What forms of energy do you know? 12. What is the world's first nuclear ice-breaker?

X. Speak on:

1. The operation of a nuclear reactor. 2. The first in­dustrial nuclear power-station. 3. The peaceful uses of atomic energy.

XI. Make up the annotation of the text and retell it.