- •Lesson 1
- •Electric current serves us in a thousand ways
- •Exercises
- •Lesson 2
- •Exercises
- •Lesson 3
- •Exercises
- •Lesson four
- •Lightning
- •Exercises
- •Lesson five
- •Atmospheric electricity
- •Exercises
- •Lesson six
- •Magnetism
- •Exercises
- •Lesson seven
- •Early history of electricity
- •Exercises
- •Lesson eight
- •History of thermometers
- •Exercises
- •Lesson nine
- •Lomonosov
- •Exercises
- •Lesson ten
- •From the history of electricity
- •Exercises
- •Lesson eleven
- •Electric current
- •Exercises
- •Lesson twelve
- •What is heat?
- •Exercises
- •Lesson 13
- •Electric circuit
- •Exercises
- •Lesson fourteen
- •Conductors and insulators
- •Exercises
- •Unit fifteen
- •Electromotive force and resistance
- •Exercises
- •Lesson sixteen
- •Heating effect of an electric current
- •Lesson seventeen
- •Magnetic effect of an electric current
- •Lesson eighteen
- •Generators
- •Exercises
- •Lesson nineteen
- •Power transmission
- •Exercises
- •Lesson twenty
- •Transformers
- •Exercises
Exercises
I. Learn the following words, groups of words. Translate the sentences.
1. ability — способность. Energy is the ability to do work.
2. to attract — притягивать. What substances attract each other?
3. to carry out — проводить. When will you carry out your experiment?
4. to consist of — состоять из. All substances consist of atoms.
5. force — сила. Atmospheric electricity is a dangerous force that can kill people.
6. iron — железо. Iron conducts electricity.
7. magnetism — магнетизм. Who discovered magnetism?
8. to make reference to — ссылаться на, упоминать. In his article the scientist makes reference to the properties of iron.
9. to obtain — получать. The students obtained valuable results of their experiment.
10. on the one hand — с одной стороны; on the other hand — с другой стороны. On the one hand atoms can serve people and on the other hand they can destroy the world.
11. to possess — обладать. Uranium possesses radioactivity.
12. to prove — доказывать. Franklin proved that lightning is an electrical phenomenon.
13. physicist — физик. Physicists study the properties of semiconductors.
14. relation — связь; отношение. Who observed the relation between magnetism and the electric current?
15. single — один. In 1954 there was a single nuclear power station in the world.
16. steel — сталь. Steel and iron melt at high temperatures.
17. weight — вес. What is the atomic weight of uranium?
II. Learn to recognize the following international words.
to transform, volt, kilometer, form, process, magnet, magnetism, to demonstrate, compass, astronomer, molecule, to neutralize, material
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Translate the following groups of words.
the ability to attract, to carry out an experiment, to possess the property, a single device, a famous physicist, to make reference to the problem
показать отношение, плавить сталь в печи, с одной стороны, с другой стороны, большая сила, состоять из веществ
IV. Use the following expressions in sentences of your own.
all over the world, as well as, in this connection, in the form of, needless to say, to pay attention to, on the other hand
V. Translate the following questions and answer them.
1. Существует ли связь между электричеством и магнетизмом? 2. Знаете ли вы, кто открыл магнетизм? 3. Что вы знаете об атмосферном электричестве? 4. Кто доказал, что наша Земля является большим магнитом? 5. Что вы знаете о магнетизме? 6. Каковы свойства магнита? 7. Кто интересовался достижениями Гильберта? 8. Какие опыты проводил Франклин? 9. Какие магнитные материалы вы знаете? 10. Какие свойства материалов изучал Галилей?
VI. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type.
1. These electrical devices are very large. Who can help me to carry them to another laboratory? 2. After the experiment had been carried out the students carried the devices away. 3. What were the students doing when the teacher came into the classroom? They were doing exercises. 4. Why can't you do without the thermometer? The temperature of this metal is known. 5. He could not go to the cinema yesterday. 6. Do not turn the light off, I shall go on working. 7. I see nothing, turn the light on, please. 8. On heating ice turns into water. 9. Water, in its turn, turns into ice on freezing. 10. Let us turn our attention to the history of electricity. 11. Water turns the turbines at the hydropower station.
VII. Rearrange the sentences to make up a story of Franklin's kite experiment.
1. The key was connected to the lower end of the string. 2. The story about Franklin's famous kite is known all over the world. 3. They took some necessary things such as: a kite with a long string, a key, and so on. 4. It was proved that lightning is a discharge of electricity. 5. It was a stormy day. 6. The electricity was conducted from the clouds down the string to the key. 7. The kite was flying high among the clouds. 8. The rain wetted the string. 9. Atmospheric electricity greatly interested Franklin. 10. The rain fell.
VIII. Compare:
1. A generator and a motor. 2. Potential energy and kinetic energy. 3. Chemical energy and mechanical energy. 4. A nuclear power station and a steam power station.
IX. Speak on magnetism.
X. Make up the annotation of the text and retell it.