- •А.А. Атрошкина, к.Ф. Варламова, и.А. Ислентьева
- •Новокузнецк
- •Contents предисловие 4
- •Предисловие
- •Lesson 1. Energy
- •Active Vocabulary
- •I . Practise reading the words written below. You’ll come across them in text 1 a.
- •II. Put the words from the box into the correct columns below. Translate them into Russian.
- •III. Read text 1 a. Try to understand its content. Text 1 a. Energy
- •Post-Text Exercises
- •IV. Find the word with the similar meaning, according to the idea of text 1 a.
- •V. Connections: match a line in a with a line in b.
- •VI. Read and translate word combinations consisting of two or more components. See model. Read and translate the sentences from the text containing these word combinations.
- •VII. Answer the following questions.
- •VIII. Are the sentences True or False? Correct the false sentences.
- •Grammar Exercises (The Tenses: Active and Passive Voice. See appendix, gr. Ref., p. 97-99)
- •X. Find the correct sentences. Underline the predicates. Trans-late the sentences into Russian.
- •XI. Choose the correct tense form. Translate sentences into Russian, pay attention to the meaning of the word “time”.
- •XII. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense and voice.
- •XIII. Find active and passive forms of the verb in text 1 a. Write them out into two columns.
- •XIV. Read text 1 b. Find the answers in text 1 b to the following questions:
- •Text 1 b. Generators
- •XV. Make the plan of the given text.
- •XVI. Discuss the main points of your plan with a partner.
- •XVII. Skim over text 1c (See appendix, lang. Learn. Focus, p. 117). Give a better title for this text and prove your point of view. Text 1 c. Batteries
- •Lesson 2. Atomic energy
- •Active Vocabulary
- •I . Practise reading the words written below. You’ll come across them in text 2 a.
- •II. Put the words from the box into the correct columns below. Translate them into Russian.
- •III. Read text 2 a. Try to understand its content. Text 2 a. Atomic Energy
- •Post- Text Exercises
- •IV. Find the word with the similar meaning, according to the idea of text 2 a.
- •V. Connections: match a line in a with a line in b.
- •Grammar Exercises (Modal Verbs and Their Equivalents. See appendix, gr. Ref., p. 100-102)
- •XI. Read the following sentences. Find the sentences in which the modal verb ‘must’ expresses supposition. Translate them into Russian.
- •XII. Find the sentences with modal verbs in text 2 a (passages 2 and 3). Change these modal verbs to their equivalents. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XIII. Fill in blanks with the appropriate modal verb or its equivalent. Mind the tense.
- •XIV. A. Read the conversation. Choose the correct modal verb.
- •XV. Read text 2 b. Find the answers in text 2 b to the following questions:
- •Text 2 b. The Law of Energy Conservation
- •XVI. Read text 2 b using some more information about well known more physicists mentioned in the text.
- •1895 World War II 1913 1896 1931 1896-1912 1898 1946 1922 text 2 c. History of Radiography: X-rays, Gamma Rays
- •Gamma rays
- •Lesson 3. Electricity
- •Active Vocabulary
- •I. Practise reading the words written below. You’ll come across them in text 3a.
- •II. Put the words from the box into the correct columns. Translate them into Russian.
- •III. Read text 3a. Try to understand its content. Text 3 a. Electricity
- •IV. Find the word with the similar meaning, according to the idea of text 3 a.
- •Post-Text Exercises
- •V. Connections: match a line in a with a line in b.
- •VI. Match paragraphs with the appropriate summary.
- •VII. Answer the following questions.
- •VIII. Translate the parts of the sentences. Complete these sentences.
- •IX. Give a short report on the topic “The discovery of electricity and its usage today”. (Use text 3a).
- •X. Find the correct sentences. Underline the participles. Translate these sentences into Russian.
- •XII. Find the participles (passage 3) in text 3 a. Define the functions of the participles.
- •XIII. Translate the following sentences into Russian, pay attention to the Absolute Participle Construction. Underline “the doer” in the construction.
- •XIV. Form one sentence of each pair of sentences using the Absolute Participle Construction.
- •XV. Read text 3 b. Find the answers in text 3 b to the following questions:
- •Text 3 b. Transformers
- •XVI. Complete the sentences using the correct variant.
- •XVII. Make a short summary of the text (See appendix, lang. Learn. Focus, p.117-118).
- •XVIII. Read text 3 c. Describe the process of electric current flow in a vacuum in your own words. Text 3 c. Electric Current In a Vacuum
- •Lesson 4. Power transmission
- •Active Vocabulary
- •I. Practise reading the words written below. You’ll come across them in text 4 a.
- •II. Put the words from the box into the correct columns. Translate them into Russian.
- •III. Read text 4 a. Try to understand its content. Text 4 a. Power Transmission
- •Post-Text Exercises
- •IV. Find the word with the similar meaning according to the idea of text 4 a.
- •V. Connections: match a line in a with a line in b.
- •VI. Match each paragraph with the appropriate summary:
- •VII. Answer the following questions.
- •VIII. Translate the parts of the sentences. Complete these senten-ces.
- •X. Underline the gerund and define the forms of it in the examples given below. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XI. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms of the gerund. Define the functions of the gerund. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XII. Find the gerund (paragraph 3) in text 4 a. Define the functions of the gerund.
- •XIII. Translate the following sentences into Russian, pay attention to the Gerundial Complex.
- •XIV. Use Participle I, Participle II or the Gerund of the verbs in brackets and translate the sentences.
- •XV. Translate the following sentences and define the non-finite forms of the verb.
- •XVI. Read text 4 b. Find the answers in text 4 b to the following questions:
- •Text 4 b. Electric Power Consumers and Power Systems
- •XVII. Complete the sentences using correct variant.
- •XVIII. Describe a power system and its operation.
- •XIX. Read text 4 c. Find in it the answer to the question that follows it. Text 4 c. Electric Power Interruptions
- •Lesson 5. Electronics
- •Active Vocabulary
- •I. Practise reading the words written below. You’ll come across them in text 5 a.
- •II. Put the words from the box into the correct columns below. Translate them into Russian.
- •III. Read text 5 a. Try to understand its content. Text 5 a. Electronic Elements
- •Post-Text Exercises
- •IV. Find the word with the similar meaning according to the idea of text 5a.
- •V. Connections: match a line in a with a line in b.
- •VI. Find in the text the Russian equivalents of the following words and word combinations:
- •VII. Read and translate word combinations consisting of two or more components. See model. Read and translate the sentences from the text containing these word combinations.
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •IX. Read the definitions below and guess what word is defined in each case.
- •X. Use the verb in parentheses in the correct form with the appropriate preposition. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XI. Fill in the gaps in the sentences using the correct form of the word in parentheses:
- •XII. Look through text 5 a again. Give main points of each passage. Use “is / are about …”. See Model. Make an annotation of the text (See appendix, lang. Learn. Focus, p.118)
- •X can be used for … It is made of …
- •Grammar Exercises (The Infinitive. The Functions of the Infinitive. The Infinitive Construction. The Complex Object. The complex Subject. See appendix, gr. Ref., p. 107-110)
- •XIV. Translate the following phrases from English into Russian.
- •XV. Underline the Infinitives in the sentences. Define their func-tions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XVI. What forms of the Infinitives are used in the Infinitive Complexes given below – Complex Subject or Complex Object?
- •XVII. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the phrases from ex. 1.
- •XVIII. Read text 5 b and fill in the gaps with the words, in the box. Try to guess the meaning of the words from the context.
- •Text 5 b. Electronic Devices
- •Text 5 c. The Microelectronic Revolution
- •Lesson 6. Electronic devices: amplifiers, diodes, oscillators
- •Active Vocabulary
- •I. Practise reading the words written below. You’ll come across them in text 6 a.
- •II. Put the words from the box into the correct columns below. Translate them into Russian.
- •III. Read text 6 a. Try to understand its content. Text 6 a. Amplifiers
- •Post-Text Exercises
- •IV. Find the word with the similar meaning according to the idea of text 6a.
- •V. Complete the following. Use the words in the box to help you.
- •VI. Read and translate word combinations consisting of two or more components. See model. Read and translate the sentences from the text containing these word combinations.
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Match the English words in column a to their Russian equivalents in column b:
- •IX. Below are some figures you know from your science classes. In groups, look at them carefully and match figures with their descriptions.
- •Grammar Exercises (Word Order in a Simple Sentence. Negative Simple Sentence. Word Order in Interrogative Sentences. See appendix, gr. Ref., p. 111-114)
- •XIV. Translate the following sentences into English paying atten-tion to the word order.
- •XV. Read text 6 b. Find the answers in the text to the following questions:
- •Text 6 b. Diodes
- •XVI. Fill in the correct word from the list below.
- •XVII. Discuss the main points of the text. Use this plan.
- •XVIII. Read text 6 c and complete these sentences using ideas from the text.
- •Text 6 c. Requirements For Oscillators
- •Additional reading the world of the atom
- •Natural radioactivity
- •How long does the radioactivity last?
- •Plants and the atom
- •Animals and the atom
- •Telemeters in the atomic laboratory
- •Atomic power for rockets
- •Atomic power for space travel
- •The first russian woman-scientist (1850 —1891)
- •James clerk maxwell (1831–1879)
- •The use of electromagnetic waves
- •A great invention of a russian scientist
- •Astronomy and radio
- •How can the efficiency of utilisation of solar energy be improved?
- •Solar energy
- •Electronics and technical progress
- •Mysterious devices or not
- •Lasers help science and industry
- •Atomic clock puzzles scientists
- •Development of robots
- •Electric fish
- •Machines aren’t free of errors
- •Automation and mechanization
- •Appendix
- •Grammar reference
- •Lesson 1
- •Система английских времен – The Tenses
- •Действительный залог – Active Voice
- •Страдательный залог – Passive Voice
- •Lesson 2 Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты – Model Verbs and Their Equivalents
- •Lesson 3
- •Формы причастия I
- •П ричастие I переводится на русский язык
- •Функции причастия I
- •Причастие II Образование и формы причастия II
- •П ричастие II переводится на русский язык
- •Функции причастия II
- •Независимый причастный оборот (нпо)
- •Lesson 4
- •Формы герундия
- •Функции герундия. Способы его перевода
- •Герундиальный оборот
- •Lesson 5
- •Инфинитив
- •Инфинитив как часть сложного дополнения
- •Инфинитив в конструкции сложное дополнение употребляется:
- •Инфинитив как часть сложного подлежащего
- •Lesson 6 Простое предложение
- •Порядок слов в простом повествовательном предложении. Утвердительная форма
- •Отрицание в простом повествовательном предложении
- •Порядок слов в вопросительном предложении
- •1. Альтернативные и общие вопросы
- •2. Специальные вопросы
- •Построение специальных вопросов с предлогами
- •I вариант
- •II вариант
- •Irregular verbs
- •Language learning focus skimming
- •Writing a summary
- •Make sure you understand all the main points. Go through the article and underline the relevant information in each paragraph.
- •Writing an annotation
- •Библиографический список
- •Energy and electronics
- •654007, Г. Новокузнецк, ул. Кирова, 42
Post-Text Exercises
IV. Find the word with the similar meaning according to the idea of text 4 a.
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fuse; relay; failure; isolator. cut-out switch; short-circuit; fossil; pile. to convert; to expand; to deliver; to overdraw. substation; flex; cable; support. waste; bus; load; wire. low voltage substation; high voltage substation; feeder; insulator. to give; to result; to ignore; to depend on. thus; that’s why; thanks to; therefore. to surround; to contradict; to defend; to carry. subsidiary device; major device; driving mechanism; clutch.
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V. Connections: match a line in a with a line in b.
-
A
B
indoor line
to reduce the voltage
power
overhead lines
transmitting the electricity
a common substation
to protect against
a transformer substation
protecting mechanisms
switchgear
short-circuit
storage battery
step down substation
to supply
bus
wire
substation
fuses and relays
VI. Match each paragraph with the appropriate summary:
The electric line efficiency;
The characteristics of indoor lines;
The definition of a wire system;
The underground lines;
The classification of electric lines and networks; heating losses in transmission lines;
Electric power systems interconnection;
Common substations;
The characteristics of step up and step down substations;
Substations as power transmission devices.
VII. Answer the following questions.
What made it possible to transmit electric energy over hundreds of kilometers?
Can electric energy be reconverted into mechanical energy?
Which system has no parallel branches?
Into what groups are all transmitting lines classed?
What components does an overhead line have?
In what way can the heating losses be reduced in transmission lines?
How can resistance be decreased in electric wires?
When does a line become inefficient?
On what characteristic does the value of a line depend?
What mechanisms protect the circuit against short-circuits?
What devices does an indoor line consist of?
What elements do conductors include?
In what areas are underground lines used?
What does a substation serve for?
What type of consumers does a substation feed?
What parts are the power transmission lines connected to?
What components does a substation comprise?
What types are substations classed into?
What are the advantages of a transformer substation?
VIII. Translate the parts of the sentences. Complete these senten-ces.
Благодаря generators, transformers and motors as well as to other electrical equipment, it became possible…
In order to уменьшить сопротивление в проводах, it is necessary…
Воздушные линии электропередачи include…
Энергопотери в линиях электропередачи should not…, otherwise they become…
Пробки и переключатели are applied to protect the circuit against…
Проводник comprises…
Common substations consist of изоляторов, шин, автоматических выключателях…
Подстанции с падающим напряжением decrease…, and the power is supplied to…
IX. Give a short report on the topic “Substations as power transmission devices” (Use TEXT 4 A).
Grammar Exercises (The Gerund. The Gerundial Complex. The Functions of the Gerund. See APPENDIX, GR. REF., p. 105-107)