Introduction

ix

warranted interpretations which I may have placed on their materials.

1. wish also to thank in this place those persons and institutions which have permitted me to reproduce photographs and paintings. Individual credit will be given in each instance. The majority of the photographs used in this book, however, were taken by the author, with the generous assistance of many people. These include especially Miss Marion Black- well, director of the International Institute in Boston, and her assistant Miss Olga St. Ivanyi; Mr. Arthur Megerdichian; Mr. Phillip Way and Mr. Merico Petrolati, of the Ludlow Manufacturing Company, Ludlow, Mass.; Mr. Bror Tamm, Mr. H. W. Johnson, and the owners of the ship­building firm of George Lawley and Son; Mr. Ian Drysdale of the A. C. Lawrence Leather Company of Peabody, Mass.; Mr. Michel Abourjaily, of Boston; M. Dumas, of the Dumas Bookshop, Boston; Mr. Heinrich Wolff, manager of Gundlachs Hofbrauhaus in Boston; Father Jan Kozit­sky; Mr. John Brunswick and the officers of the Czechoslovakian Club of Boston; Mr. James Stragunas; and numerous others, including all whose photographs appear in the plates illustrating racial types.

For specific advice and assistance, I have especial reason to be grateful to the following: Professor Glover Allen, for advice concerning fauna; Dr. Gordon T. Bowles, for the preparation of Map 16, and for information concerning the peoples of Iran, Afghanistan, and India; Professor Kirk Bryan, for information concerning Pleistocene and post-Pleistocene cli­mate; Professor V. Gordon Childe, for reading the manuscript of Chapters

2. through VII, and for suggesting many important changes; Dr. Vladi­mir J. Fewkes, for preparing Maps 2 and 3, and for much advice upon the European archaeology of the Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron Ages, and for data and advice on the subject of Slavic history; Dr. H. O’Neill Hencken, for advice concerning the archaeology of the Iron Age, and of the British Isles in particular; to Mr. Gabriel Lasker, for aid in preparing the glossary; Dr. J. R. de la H. Marett, for ideas and stimulation on the subject of human evolution; Professor William M. McGovern, for permitting me to read the manuscript of his “Early Empires of Central Asia,⁵⁵ and for advice on the subject of Central Asiatic history; Dr. Hal- lam L. Movius, for assistance in the preparation of Map 1 and Figure 16, as well as in the writing of Chapters II and III; Dr. Robert W. Pfeiffer, for data on early Jewish history; Professor J. Dyneley Prince, for expert opinion on the question of Sumerian linguistics; Professor George Sarton, for advice on the handling of references; Mr. Vilhjalmur Stefansson and Mr. Charles Harding, for advice and data on the subject of the Norse­men; Mr. Lauriston Ward, Mr. James Gaul, and Mr. D. W. Lockard, for supervision and assistance on the subject of Near Eastern archaeology; Professor Harry Wolfson, for an elucidation of Jewish history and assist­