- •О.В. Терехина
- •Предисловие
- •History of printing
- •Intaglio
- •Inkjet printing The principle of inkjet printing was discovered by Canon engineer Ichiro Endo in August 1977.
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Use the resulting expressions in the sentences of your own.
- •5. Fill in the gaps using the words of the essential vocabulary:
- •6. Agree or disagree with the statements:
- •7. Match the term with the definition:
- •8. Translate from Russian into English:
- •9. Complete the following sentences:
- •10. Grammar reference. Adverbs.
- •11. Write down 10 sentences of your own according to the topic using the adverbs.
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Match the two halves of the phrases below:
- •4. Use the resulting expressions in the sentences of your own.
- •5. Fill in the gaps using the words from the box:
- •6. Find the statement true or false:
- •7. Complete the following sentences:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •9. Correct the jumbled sentences:
- •10. Study the following phrasal verbs with make. Match them with the definitions below. One of the verbs goes with two of the definitions.
- •11. What other phrasal verbs with make do you know? Write some sentences of your own using phrasal verbs with make.
- •Digital prepress
- •Input and Output Resolution
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •Basic principles of offset printing
- •Inking Units
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •5. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word or phrase from the box:
- •7. Find the sentences with the following prepositions in the text. Give some examples of your own using the prepositions under study:
- •8. Translate the following expressions from Russian into English. Use these expressions in the sentences of your own:
- •9. Transfer the sentences from passive voice into active:
- •10. Translate the sentences into English:
- •11. Complete the Quiz:
- •Offset printing technologies
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Match the definition with the term:
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the words of the essential vocabulary:
- •5. Translate the sentences into English:
- •6. Match the two halves of the phrases:
- •7. Correct the jumbled sentences:
- •8. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •10. Study some examples of the phrasal verbs. Translate them into Russian.
- •11. Write down 10 sentences of your own with phrasal verbs. Mind their meanings.
- •Gravure printing
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Match the two halves of the phrases and translate them:
- •4. Fill in the gaps using the words from the box:
- •5. Match the term with the definition:
- •6. Agree or disagree with the statements:
- •7. Complete the sentences:
- •8. Translate from Russian into English:
- •9. Find in the text the sentences with relative clauses.
- •10. Look at the following sentences and decide whether they have got defining (d) or non-defining (n) relative clauses:
- •11. Write down 10 sentences of your own with the relative clauses.
- •Letterpress
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Agree or disagree with the following:
- •4. Match the two halves of the phrases:
- •5. Translate the result expressions and use them in the sentences of your own.
- •6. Fill in the gaps with the expressions of the essential vocabulary:
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •8. Combine the definition with the term:
- •9. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs:
- •11. Write down 10 sentences of your own using words with prefixes.
- •Flexography
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •4. Match the two halves of the phrases:
- •5. Fill in the gaps using the words of the essential vocabulary:
- •6. Translate from Russian into English:
- •7. Combine the verbs with the prepositions as they were used in the text (mind active or passive voice). Translate the expressions. Give your own examples with phrasal verbs.
- •8. Match the abbreviation with its meaning:
- •9. Correct the jumbled sentences:
- •10. Match the term with the definition:
- •11. Complete the following sentences:
- •Screen printing
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Match the two halves of the phrases:
- •4. Use the result expressions in the sentences of your own.
- •5. Mark the statements as True or False:
- •6. Fill in the gaps:
- •7. Combine the term with the definition:
- •8. Translate from Russian into English in a written form:
- •9. Word building.
- •10. Write down 10 sentences of your own using the words from the table.
- •11. Correct the jumbled sentences:
- •Basic principles of non-impact printing technologies
- •Essential vocabulary
- •4. Find the statement true or false:
- •5. Complete the following sentences:
- •6. Translate from Russian into English:
- •7. Language note. Compounds.
- •8. Write down 10 sentences of your own with compound words.
- •9. Correct the jumbled sentences:
- •Non-impact printing technologies
- •Ionography
- •Ink Jet
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Match the term with the definition:
- •4. Find the statement true or false:
- •5. Match the two halves of the phrases and use them in the sentences of your own:
- •6. Complete the following sentences:
- •7. Translate from Russian into English:
- •8. Correct the jumbled sentences:
- •9. Language note. Modals.
- •10. Write down 10 sentences of your own using modal verbs.
- •Print finishing processes
- •1. Cutting and die-cutting
- •2. Folding
- •3. Forwarding
- •4. Assembling into books
- •5. Blocks binding
- •6. Trimming
- •7. Edge treatments on books and brochures
- •8. Case making
- •9. Book finishing
- •10. Packaging
- •Essential vocabulary
- •Activities
- •1. Find words and word combinations of the essential vocabulary in the text and translate the sentences they are used in into Russian.
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Match the two halves of the phrases:
- •4. Agree or disagree with the statements:
- •5. Match the definition with the term:
- •6. Complete the following sentences:
- •7. Translate from Russian into English in a written form:
- •8. Correct the jumbled sentences:
- •9. Language Note: Gradable Adjectives. Study the rules and find the examples of your own.
- •10. Guess the Quiz
- •11. Write down 10 sentences of your own using the words from the quiz.
- •Binding
- •Essential vocabulary
- •6. Translate in a written form:
- •7. Language note. Non-gradable adjectives.
- •8. Write down 10 sentences of your own with non-gradable adjectives. Follow the topic. Appendix
- •Texts for additional reading
- •Contents
6. Agree or disagree with the statements:
1. Block printing first came to Christian Europe as a method for printing on cloth, where it was common by 1500.
Metal movable type was first invented in Japan during the Goryeo Dynasty (around 1230).
Ivan Fedorov (later changed to Fedorovych), was one of the fathers (meaning Belarusian Francysk Skaryna) of Russian and Ukrainian printing.
Today intaglio engraving is rarely used for currency, banknotes, passports and occasionally for high-value postage stamps.
Xerographic office photocopying was introduced by Xerox in the 1960s, and over the following 20 years it gradually replaced copies made by Verifax, Photostat, carbon paper, mimeograph machines, and other duplicating machines.
The inkjet printer, based on a modified xerographic copier, was invented at Xerox in 1969 by researcher Gary Starkweather, who had a fully functional networked printer system working by 1971.
The principle of inkjet printing was discovered by Canon engineer Ichiro Endo in August 1977.
Digital printing is widely used in personalized printing with the advent of variable data printing(VDP or VI).
7. Match the term with the definition:
|
1 |
Printing |
a |
a printing process, in which the text or image to be reproduced is engraved or etched into the plate. |
|
2 |
Publishing |
b |
a printing process where a design is inked through a fine screen, parts of which are covered by a stencil to prevent the ink passing through. |
|
3 |
Intaglio |
c |
the plateless printing technology, uses a photoconductor which is charged in darkness with a corona discharge. |
|
4 |
Letterpress |
d |
a process for reproducing text and image, typically with ink on paper using a printing press. |
|
5 |
Lithography |
e |
technology uses jets of ink droplets driven by digital signals to print the same or variable information directly on paper. |
|
6 |
Screen printing |
f |
a process of choosing, arranging, printing and offering for sale to the public a book, magazine, newspaper, etc. |
|
7 |
Xerography |
g |
a method of printing in which the ink sticks to greasy areas of treated metal, stone or film and is then transferred to the paper. |
|
8 |
Inkjet printing |
h |
a printing process, in which the type is raised from the background plate. |
8. Translate from Russian into English:
Люди создавали искусство ещё в 45000-25000гг. до н.э. Камень, то есть сама земля, был первым холстом художника. Первые образцы искусства живописи и цвета создавались на глине и гончарной посуде. В папирусе истоки бумаги. Без него цивилизация была бы другой. Одежда и шкуры животных также сыграли важную роль в истории полиграфии. Во многих частях света именно шкуры животных стали излюбленным холстом древних художников. Сажа и ламповая копоть широко применялись в качестве пигмента при изготовлении краски для печати на дереве в Китае, где искусство рисования красками было известно около 900 лет до н.э. Масло тоже применялось в живописи при изготовлении красок, а затем стало основой печатных процессов. Изобретение бумаги датируется 105 годом н.э. и связано с документом, в котором Цай Лунь доложил об этом китайскому императору. Эта бумага делалась из древесной коры, тряпок, рыболовных сетей. В Европе бумага стала известна в тринадцатом столетии. Большинство историков полагает, что ранние технологии европейского бумажного производства были заимствованы из Азии, хотя не совсем ясно из какой страны – Китая, Персии или Индии.