- •Unit I
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Passive structures and their message
- •Ambiguous Ved forms
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Study and research
- •V1. Translate into Russian:
- •V2. Translate into English:
- •V3. Read and translate Text 1 about scientific research in Supplementary reading. Pick up words and expressions which can be of use for you.
- •II. Рассмотрим перевод некоторых грамматических конструкций, содержащих ing-формы.
- •Pure and applied science
- •Automation in the research process
- •Ambiguous combinations of Ving and n
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Experimental work
- •V1. Translate into Russian.
- •V2 Translate into English.
- •V3. Read and translate Text 2 about empirical research in Supplementary Reading. Pick up the words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •The infinitive
- •Инфинитивные обороты
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Showing and proving
- •V1. Translate into Russian:
- •V2. Translate the words in brackets. Then translate the sentences into Russian:
- •V3. Translate into English:
- •V4. Read and translate Text 3 about evaluation of research results in Supplementary reading. Pick up the words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •V5 Write a piece of 5-7 sentences to characterize the process of evaluating the data that you have obtained in the course of your research. Use grammar structures and vocabulary studied. Unit 4
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Modal verbs and their equivalents
- •Summary chart of modals and similar expressions
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Obtaining and analysing results
- •V1. Translate into English:
- •V2. Read and translate text 4 about analysis of research results in Supplementary Reading. Pick up the words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •Conditionals without if
- •Sentences with as if, as though
- •Object clauses with subjunctive
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Describing trends and tendencies
- •V1. There are a lot of verbs and nouns describing changes in size, number, price, value etc. Find the verbs that indicate an upward, downward or horizontal movement:
- •V2. Describe the rate and size of change observed:
- •V3. Complete the sentences with the prepositions: of, per, at, by, from…to.
- •V4. Translate into Russian:
- •V5. Read the example of a scatter graph description. Pick up words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •V6. Write 5-7 sentences describing some trends in the field of your research. Unit 6
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •Suffixes of the noun
- •The noun
- •2. Множественное число некоторых заимствованных из других языков существительных образуется по правилам этих языков:
- •3.Существительное в роли определителя: правило ряда
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •V1. Translate into Russian:
- •V2. Translate into English:
- •V3. Read and translate text 5 where fundamental science and experimental science are compared. Pick up the words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •V4. Write an essay of 5-7 sentences comparing :
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •Grammar слова-заместители
- •3) This, these:
- •Vocabulary
- •Emphasizing
- •Concluding
- •V1. Translate into Russian.
- •V2. Write an essay about your research work using all grammar structures and vocabulary studied. Unit 8
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Prepositions and conjunctions
- •Наиболее употребительные составные предлоги:
- •Наиболее употребительные составные союзы
- •Cлова, на которые следует обратить особое внимание
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •V1. Translate the sentences
- •V2. Make up a story about a scientist using idioms and expressions with the word “time”. You might start as follows:
- •To make and to do
- •V3. Complete the sentences with to make or to do in the proper form. Then translate them into Russian.
- •V4. Translate the sentences
- •V5. Continue the story about the scientist but this time try to use the verbs “to make” and “to do”. Unit 9 word building
- •Complex sentence
- •Vocabulary learn to deduce the meaning of english words:
- •Supplementary reading
- •Research
- •Empirical research
- •Evaluation and improvement
- •Aspects of validation
- •Analysis of research results
- •The process of data analysis
- •1. Data cleaning
- •2. Initial data analysis
- •3. Main data analysis
- •Fundamental science and applied science compared
- •Supplementary information most widespread abbreviations
- •Linking words and phrases
- •Table of mathematical symbols
- •Main sources of information
Vocabulary
Learn to use proper words
Topic:
Obtaining and analysing results
1. There are many words that you can use to refer to the results of an event, decision or process:
result, effect, impact, outcome:
Our results show that an effective device is feasible. Her paper discusses the likely impact of global warming. She was one of the first scientists to study the effects of radiation on human body. His work has had an enormous impact on the study of genetics. It was impossible to predict the outcome of the experiment.
good or useful results: advance, benefit, gain:
Computer is one of the greatest technological advances of the 20th century. There are obvious benefits in allowing each student to go at his own pace. The two world wars brought tremendous gains in the communication technology.
undesirable or unwanted results: consequence, downside, fallout, side effect:
Its effect on accumulation of greenhouse gases is significant; the consequence is global warming. The downside of running your own business is that you are responsible if anything goes wrong. The fallout from the Asian financial crisis has continued to affect business. Experts warn that this is a powerful drug which can have dangerous side effects.
2. You can get / obtain results:
The results we got are very convincing. The results obtained under new experimental conditions confirmed our theory.
You can not receive results ( receive = to get smth that someone gives or sends to you).
3.When you get the results, you have to check them:
To check – to do smth in order to find out whether smth is really correct, true or in good condition: Positive test results are double checked to make absolutely sure.
To examine – to look at smth carefully and thoroughly because you want to find out more about it: This theory will be examined in detail in Chapter 4.
To go over smth – to examine smth very carefully, for example, to look for mistakes or faults: Could you go over this report and correct any mistakes?
To monitor – to carefully watch and check the d\situation in order to see how it changes over a period of time: The temperature in the chamber is carefully monitored during the experiment.
V1. Translate into English:
В, С
1. Правительство внимательно отслеживает экономическую ситуацию в стране. 2. Воздействие вулканической деятельности на климат требует дальнейшего изучения. 3. Действие света на растения общеизвестно. 4. Неожиданный исход эксперимента объясняется сбоем в работе оборудования. 5. В последние годы достигнуты значительные успехи в компьютерной обработке данных научных экспериментов. 6. Неудача эксперимента явилась последствием ошибок в работе лабораторного оборудования. 7. Тщательно проверьте все данные в таблицах и тексте Вашей презентации. 8. Полученные другими исследователями данные подтверждают нашу гипотезу. 9. Все оборудование должно быть проверено перед проведением экспериментов. 10. Некоторые ученые считают, что в основе изменения климата лежит сложное взаимодействие причины и следствия.