Match the English definitions above (1-14) with their Russian meanings:

■ 1) следует, надо (бы) 2) следует, быть обязанным (должным)

3) должен был (бы), надо было (бы) (сделать); не надо было (делать)

4) должно (бы) ужé; должно будет (произойти) 5) мне сдéлать?; чтó

мне делать? 6) я бы сделал на Вашем месте 7) случись так, что…

8) настаивать, хотеть, указывать на то, чтобы (что-л. было сделано)

9) мне думается…, мне бы казалось…, мне бы хотелось…

10) я был бы рад… (сделать что-л.) 11) надо было видеть/слышать,

как…! 12) кого/что бы, вы думали (я встретил !); не кто иной, как…!

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12. part [U/C] 1 [U] SOME part of sth some but not all of a thing: We spent part of the time in the museum; Part of the building was destroyed in the fire; Voters are given only part of the story (= only some of the information); Part of me feels sorry for him (= I feel partly, but not entirely, sorry for him).

2 [C] PIECE a section, piece or feature of sth: The novel is good in parts; We’ve done the difficult part of the job; The procedure can be divided into two parts; The worst part was having to wait three hours in the sun.

3 [U] MEMBER a member of sth; a person or thing that, together with others, makes up a single unit: You need to be able to work as part of a team.

4 [C] OF MACHINE a piece of a machine or structure: aircraft parts; the working parts of the machinery; spare parts.

5 [C] OF BODY/PLANT a separate piece or area of a human or animal body or of a plant: the parts of the body; СРАВНИТЕ: private parts.

6 [C] REGION/AREA an area or a region of the world, a country, a town, etc.: the northern part of the country; a plant that grows in many parts of the world; Which part of London do you come from?; Come and visit us if you’re ever in our part of the world.

7 (parts) [pl.] (old-fashioned, informal) a region or an area: She’s not from these parts; He’s just arrived back from foreign parts.

8 [C[ OF BOOK/SERIES (abbr. pt) a section of a book, television series, etc., especially one that is published or broadcast separately: an encyclopedia published in 25 weekly parts; Henry IV, Part II; The final part will be shown next Sunday evening.

9 [C] FOR ACTOR a role played by an actor in a play, film/movie, etc.; the words spoken by an actor in a particular role: She was very good in this part; Have you learned your part yet?; (figurative) He’s always playing a part (= pretending to be sth that he is not).

10 [C] music for a particular voice or instrument in a group singing or playing together: the clarinet part; four-part harmony.

11 [C] EQUAL PORTION a unit of measurement that allows you to compare the different amounts of substances in sth: Add three parts wine to one part water; fluoride levels of 0.2 parts per million.

■ часть; деталь; роль; составная часть, член (группы или организации); доля

12. mainstream [C] people, activities, or ideas that are part of the mainstream are regarded as the most typical, normal, and conventional because they belong to the same group or system as most others of their kind: ...people outside the economic mainstream; This was the company’s first step into the mainstream of scientific and commercial computing; The show wanted to attract a mainstream audience.

■ основное направление/течение

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paragraph 3

26. broaden (broadens, broadening, broadened) [V] 1 to become wider: Her smile broadened. 2 to affect or make sth affect more people or things: a promose to broaden access to higher education; The party needs to broaden its appeal to others. 3 to increase your experience, knowledge, etc.: Few would disagree that travel broadens the mind (= helps you to understand other people’s beliefs, customs, etc.); Spending a year working in the city helped to broaden his horizons.

■ 1 расширяться 2 расширять (~ся), увеличивать (~ся) 3 расширять

свой кругозор

26. bring out (brings, bringing, brought) [PH V] here: (often simple tenses) to make sth appear; to make sth easy to see or understand SYN: show up: A crisis brings out the best in her; That dress really brings out the colour of your eyes; Difficulties can bring out a person’s best qualities; The teacher helped to bring out the meaning of the poem; Plenty of money often brings out the worst in someone.

■ проявлять, обнаруживать (какие-л. качества); выявлять

26. bring out all of the ... skills of the craft set-phrase ■ проявить всю свою квалификацию (способности, знания, умения) ▼▼▼

26. skill [N] 1 [C] a type of work or activity which requires special training and knowledge: Most of us will know someone who is always learning new skills, or studying new fields. 2 [U] the knowledge and ability that enables you to do sth well: The cut of a diamond depends on the skill of its craftsman.

■ 1 ремесло, мастерство, искусство 2 знание, умение

26. craft [N] here: [sing.] all the skills needed for a particular activity: chefs who learned their craft in top restaurants – the craft of cooking; the writer’s craft - the craft of writing ■ мастерство

26. ability [U/C] 1 [U] the quality or skill which makes it possible for someone to do sth: Her drama teacher spotted her ability; I have confidence in the ability of the players. ■ способности; талант 2 [C] (pl. abilities) a level of skill or intelligence: He was a man of extraordinary abilities; They repeatedly questioned his leadership abilities; Does the school cater for all abilities? ■ способность

26. public opinion phrase an attitudinal measure of the image a public holds concerning some person, object, or concept

■ общественное мнение

26. create (creates, creating, created) [V] to cause sth to appear or exist: We set business free to create more jobs in Britain; She could create a fight out of anything; The lights create such a glare - it’s next to impossible to see anything behind them; Critisizing will only destroy a relationship and create feelings of failure.

■ творить, порождать

26. message [C] (messages) 1 a piece of information or a request that you send to someone or leave for them when you cannot speak to them directly: I got a message you were trying to reach me; Would you like to leave a message?; A message taped by the President was broadcast to US troops around the world 2 sth that someone is trying to communicate, for example in a book or play, is the idea or point that they are trying to communicate: The report’s message was unequivocal; I no longer want to stay friendly with her but I don’t know how to get the message across; I think they got the message that this is wrong.

■ 1 сообщение, послание, записка 2 основная идея/мысль, смысл,

идейное содержание (книги, пьесы и т.п.)

26. media [N pl./C] (the media; all media) 1 (the media) [Csing. + sing./pl.v.]

the main ways that large numbers of people receive information and

entertainment, that is television, radio and the newspapers: the news/

broadcasting/natioal media; The trial was fully reported in the media;

The media was/were accused of influencing the final decision; Any event

attended by the actor received widespread media coverage.

■ средства массовой коммуникации

2 pl. of MEDIUM [C] 2.1 a way of cummunicating information, etc. to

people: Television is the modern medium of communication. 2.2 sth that is

used for a particular purpose: English is the medium of instruction; Video

is a good medium for practicing listening a foreign language. ■ средство

(обучения, связи) 2.3 (biology) a substance that sth exists or growth in or

that it travels through: The bacteria were growing in a sugar mrdium.

■ среда (обитания; передвижения)

3 MEDIUM (pl. mediums) a person who claims to be able to

communicate with the spirits of dead people ■ мéдий

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• the mass media [C pl.] sources of information and news such as newspapers, magazines, radio and television, that reach and influence large numbers of people ■ средства массовой информации

26. evaluate (evaluates, evaluating, evaluated) [V] to form an opinion of the amount, value or quality of sth after thinking about it carefully SYN: assess: Our research attempts to avaluate the effectiveness of the different drugs; We need to evaluate how well the policy is working. ■ оценивать

26. effectiveness [U] (also less frequent effectivity) ■ дéйственность, эффективность [Пример см. № 3.36.]

26. remain (remains, remaining, remained) [V] to stay and still exist in a particular state or condition: Many differences in everyday life remain; The wider problem remains; There remains deep mistrust of his government.

■ оставаться; сохранять

26. crucial [ADJ] extremely important: He had administrators under him but took the crucial decisions himself; Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery. ■ решающий, ключевой

26. area (areas) [C] here: a particular subject/topic or a particular part of a larger, more general situation or activity: ...the politically sensitive area of old age economy and all other areas of society; She wants to be involved in every area of your life. ■ часть; сфера

26. knowledge [U] information and understanding about a subject which a person has, or which all people have: She disclaims any knowledge of her husband’s business concerns; ...the quest for scientific knowledge.

■ знание, понимание

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4.42. practice [V] See 2.22. practice [N] See below in this paragraph

4.43. though here: [ADV] used for indicating that the information contrasts with

or modifies information given in a previous sentence or sentences: I like

him. Though he makes me angry sometimes; I want to try my hand at

politics, or go back to the law. I don’t want to go to school for it, though.

■ однако, тем не менее

44. demand (demands, demanding, demanded) [V] here: to need sth in order to be done successfully: This sport demands both speed and strength.

■ требовать(ся) (чего-л. дополнительного)

44. complete [ADJ] used when you are emphasizing sth, to mean ‘to the greatest degree possible’ SYN: TOTAL: We were in complete agreement; ...a complete change; ...in complete silence; It came as a complete surprise; I felt a complete idiot. ■ полный (почти абсолютный), всецелый

44. acquaintance (with sth) here: [U] knowledge of sth: I had little acquain-

tance with modern poetry. ■ знакомство (с чем-л.), знание (чего-л.)

44. thorough [ADJ] done completely, with great attention to detail: (a) thorough knowledge of the subject; The police carried out a thorough investigation. ■ тщательный, глубокий

44. environment [N] See # 1.3.

44. prerequisite [C usually sing.] (~ for/of/to sth) (formal) sth that must exist or happen before sth else can happen or be done SYN: PRECONDITION: A degree is an essential prerequisite for employment at this level.

■ предпосылка

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50. outgrowth [N/C] a natural development or result of sth: There was an outgrowth of the 1996 presidential election; His first book is an outgrowth of an art project he began in 1988. ■ результат

50. recognition [U] an understanding and accepting of sth: The CBI welcomed the Chencellor’s recognition of the resession and hoped for a reduction in interest rates. ■ признание, одобрение

51. (the) power [U] the ability or opportunity to do sth: Human societies have the power to solve the problems confronting them; Fathers have the power to dominate children and young people; He was so drank that he had lost the power of speech. ■ способность, возможность, сила

50. public opinion [U] phrase the opinion or attitude of the public regarding a particular matter: He mobilized public opinion all over the world against hydrogen-bomb tests. ■ общественное мнение

50. continuous competition [C] phrase ■ постоянное соперничество

50. among [PREP] NB: The form amongst is also used, but is more litrary // surrounded by sb/sth; in the middle of sb/sth: ...a house among the trees; They strolled among the crowds; I found the letter amongst his papers; It’s OK, you’re among friends now. ■ среди; между (трёх и более: между двух – between)

50. institution [C] a large important organization that has a particular purpose, for example, a university or bank: an educational/financial institution; the Institution of Civil Engineers; Class size varies from one type of institution to another; The Hong Kong Bank is Hong Kong’s largest financial institution. ■ учреждение, организация, общество; заведение; институт (брака, семьи и т.п.)

50. public support phrase ■ общественная поддержка

50. development [N] here: the process or result of making a basic design gradually better and more advanced: It is spending $850m on research and development of new and innovative telephone services.

■ совершенствование, улучшение; разработка

50. through [PREP]/[ADV] here: is used for stating the means by which the particular information or result are achieved: You simply can’t get a ticket through official channels; Speaking through an interpriter, he called for some new thinking from the West; They want to get the plan through Congress as quickly as possible. ■ посредством, с помощью; через

50. [paragraph 6] go through [PH V] to perform a series of actions: Certain formalities have to be gone through before you can emigrate; Your suggestion has to go through several stages; Tom’s book has gone through three printings; Has the new law gone through all its stages yet? ■ проходить (какие-л. ступени, этапы и т.п.)

51. reach (reaches, reaching, reached) [V] here: 1 to come to sb’s attention 2 to achieve a particular aim SYN: ARRIVE AT: The rumour eventually reached the President; ...to reach a conclusion/decision/verdict/ compromise; Politicians again failed to reach an agreement.

■ достигать, достичь

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62. stage [C] one part of an activity, process, or period: The way children talk or express their feelings depends on their age and stage of development; Mr Cook has arrived in Greece on the final stage of a tour which also included Egypt and Israel. ■ стадия, период, этап

62. mutual [interchanged] influence [effect on the mind] phrase

■ взаимное влияние

62. understanding 1 [Using.] sth that you know how it works or know what it means: They have to have a basic understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology. ■ понимание 2 [U] If there is understanding among people, they are friendly towards each other and trust each other: There was complete understanding between Wilson and myself.

■ взаимопонимание, согласие

62. sequential [ADJ] sth that follows a fixed order: ...the sequential story of the universe; In this way the children are introduced to sequential learning. ■ последовательный, поступательный

62. still here: [ADV] If a situation that used to exist still exists, it has continued and exists now: I still dream of home; Brian’s toe is still badly swollen and he cannot put on his shoe; If you don’t like the job, why are you still there?; There are still doubts about the final signing of the two treaties. ■ (всё) ещё, по-прежнему

62. exist (exists, existing, existed) [V] (not used in the progressive tenses) to be real; to be present in a place or a situation: Does life exist on other planets?; The problem only exists in your head, Jane; Few of these monkeys still exist in the wild; A temple existed here hundreds of years ago.

■ существовать

62. any available means phrase ■ любые имеющиеся средства

62. desire (desires, desiring, desired) [V] (not used in the progressive tenses)

to want sth; to wish for sth: We all desire health aand happiness; The house

had everything you could desire; The medicine did not achieve the desired

effect. ■ желать, очень хотеть

6.70. towards [PREP] in the direction of sb/sth ■ к, по направлению к

6.71. provide (provides, providing, provided) [V] to give sth to someone who

needs or wants it or to make it available to them: I’ll be glad to provide a

copy of this; They would not provide any details; The government was not

in a position to provide them with food.

■ предоставлять, поставлять, обеспечивать, снабжать

72. counsel [U] advice: He had always been able to count on her wise counsel.

■ совет

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73. …can be better predicted and prepared for phrase ■ …можно легче предсказать и подготовиться (к)

73. predict (predicts, predicting, predicted) [V] sth that will happen in future SYN: FORECAST (forecasts, forecasting, forecast): a reliable method of predicting earthquakes; Nobody could predict the outcome; It is impossible to predict what will happen; She predicted (that) the election result would be close; It was predicted that inflation would continue to fall; [this pattern is only used in the passive] The trial is predicted to last for months.

■ предсказывать, предполагать

73. prepare (for) (prepares, preparing, prepared) [V] 1 to make sth or sb ready to be used or to do sth: to prepare a report/the accounts; A hotel room is being prepared for them; The college prepares students for a career in business; The committee will prepare the ground for next month’s meeting. ■ подготавливать, готовить

2 ~ (yourself for sth) to make yourself ready to do sth or for sth that you

expect to happen: I had no time to prepare; The police are preparing

themselves for trouble at the demonstration; The whole class is working

hard preparing for the exams.

■ (под)готовиться

3 to make food ready to be eaten; to make a medicine or chemical substance,

for example by mixing other substances together: He was in the kitchen

preparing lunch; ...remedies prepared from herbal extracts.

■ готовить пищу, смéси и т.п.

73. trend [C] a general direction in which a situation is changing or developing: economic/social/political trends; There is a growing trend towards earlier retirement; current trends in language teaching; a downward/upward trend in sales; You seem to have set (= started) a new trend; This trend is being reversed (= is going in the opposite direction).

■ направление, тенденция, путь

73. identify (identifies, identifying, identified) [V] to recognize sb/sth and be able to say who or what they are: The bodies were identified as those of two suspected drug dealers; She was able to identify her attacker; Passengers were asked to identify their own suitcases before they were put on the plane; Many of those arrested refused to identify themselves (= would not say who they were); First of all we must identify the problem areas.

■ определить, определять; назвать себя (по имени); определиться

(в решении и т.п.)

(Источник: см. Список литературы и словарей)

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