Ex. 5.Read and translate the following words of the same root. Determine the part of speech they belong to. Memorize them:

• Protect, protector, protection, protective;

• destroy, destroyer, destruction, destructive;

• contribute, contributor, contribution, contributory;

• predict, predictor, prediction, predictive, predicted;

• reduce, reduction, reducible, reduced;

• pollute, pollution, pollutant; environ, environment, environmental, environmentally;

• forest, deforest, deforestation.

Ex. 6. Read and translate the following word combinations:

Environmental endangered

Air extinct

Water rare species

Land existing

Soil pollution surviving

Noise

Chemical

Radio-active

serious illness

an average rise in temperature

catastrophe for wildlife

to cause skin and eye problems

much damage

one forth of all species on Earth to vanish the destruction of the ozone layer

Ex. 7. Give Russian equivalents to the following words and expressions:

To be at a crucial turning point; to give somebody plenty to worry about; the greenhouse effect; the extinction of animals and plant species; the patterns of the weather; food packaging; to contribute to global warming; to result from the release; to be badly affected; to wash metals into drinking water; tropical rain forest; to be a natural recycler; provider and protector; rainfall; at an alarming rate; man’s careless bitats; the energy trap; (non)-renewable fuels; energy needs; to add to the pollution.

Ex. 8. Read the following text and: a) discuss the environmental situation in the world; b) say what the burning problems of nature preservation are and which of them are vital for your region.

Ecological Problems

Ecology is the science of how the living things are related to their environment. For thousands of years the Earth has given support to all forms of life – humans, animals, plants, insects and soon the human race has thriven in its environment. But now, at the beginning of the 21^st century, we are at a crucial turning point. The problem of environmental protection has been recognized as one of the most vital problems of our days and it’s getting worse all the time. The way we have been living has given us plenty to worry about. The main problems we face are:

--the greenhouse effect;

--the destruction of the ozone layer;

--acid rain and the destruction it causes:

--deforestation,

--the extinction of animals and plant species,

--the depletion of our energy resources.

So what will happen if we don’t try to solve these problems? No one can be absolutely sure. They are problems we have never encountered before and the situation changes all the time. But scientists have made predictions and they are alarming.

The Greenhouse Effect

According to scientists, the increase in greenhouse gases will cause an average rise in temperature of 2^oC by the year 2050. The Earth has already become 0,5^oC warmer in the last ten years. If the temperature does increase by 2^oC, the polar ice-caps will meet. In turn the sea level will rise. In fact, it has already risen 10 centimetres since the beginning of this century. It’s not hard to see what the results of this rise would be. Low-lying land would flood. This means that people would be left homeless and their crops would be killed by the salt water. One fifth of the Earth’s surface is covered by permafrost. This is a layer of soil that is permanently frozen. Because of global warming, it’s starting to meet. This means that houses are sinking, roads are breaking up.

Besides, global warming will change the patterns of the weather world-wide. Hot, dry areas will become hotter and drier. Wet and stormy areas will get wetter and stormier. This will mean that growing food will become difficult. And, at last global warming could cause catastrophe for wildlife.