- •1. Topographic Surface Anatomy
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •3. Superficial Face
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •4. Neck
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •5. Nasal Region
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •6. Oral Region
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •7. Pharynx
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •13. Cerebral Vasculature
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •14. Topographic Anatomy
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •16. Spinal Cord
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Thorax
- •18. Topographic Anatomy
- •Guides
- •Facts & Hints
- •19. Mammary Gland
- •Guides
- •Facts & Hints
- •20. Body Wall
- •Guides
- •Facts & Hints
- •21. Lungs
- •Guides
- •Facts & Hints
- •22. Heart
- •Guides
- •Facts & Hints
- •23. Mediastinum
- •Guides
- •Facts & Hints
- •Abdomen
- •24. Topographic Anatomy
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •25. Body Wall
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •26. Peritoneal Cavity
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •27. Viscera (Gut)
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •28. Viscera (Accessory Organs)
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •29. Visceral Vasculature
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •30. Innervation
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •32. Topographic Anatomy
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •35. Urinary Bladder
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •39. Testis, Epididymis & Ductus Deferens
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •40. Rectum
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •41. Vasculature
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •42. Innervation
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Upper Limb
- •43. Topographic Anatomy
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •48. Neurovasculature
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Lower Limb
- •49. Topographic Anatomy
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •51. Knee
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
- •54. Neurovasculature
- •Guide
- •Facts & Hints
FACTS & HINTS
HIGH-YIELD FACTS
Clinical Points
page 240 page 241
Brachial Plexus Injury
Disease, trauma or excessive stretching (because of birth trauma) of the posterior triangle of the neck or axilla maydamage brachial plexus Results in paralysis and anaesthesia in the distribution of the affected nerves
Various terms used to describe the different lesions
Erb's palsy affects areas supplied bynerves from superior part of the plexus Klumpke's palsy affects areas supplied bynerves from the inferior part
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Aresult of compression of the median nerve as it passes under flexor retinaculum
Compression caused byanyprocess that significantlyreduces the size of the carpal tunnel: inflammation of the synovial sheaths, fluid retention, and infection
Pain or paraesthesia felt in the lateral 3½ digits, mayradiate toward the elbow and is often worse at night Also loss of sensation and diminished control of the median nerve-innervated muscles
Surgical division of the flexor retinaculum maybe necessaryto relieve symptoms
Ulnar Nerve Injury
Ulnar nerve maybe compressed as it passes behind medial epicondyle of the humerus or through the Guyon canal at the wrist Pain and/or paraesthesia felt at medial aspect of the elbow radiating to the medial forearm and medial 1½ digits
Also maybe weakness of the intrinsic muscles of the hand
Radial Nerve Injury
Palsyof the radial nerve common after prolonged pressure on the back of the arm byresting it against a hard surface (such as back of movie theater seat-the "Saturday night palsy")
Nerve mayalso be injured in fractures of humerus as it winds along spiral groove Extensors of the wrist are paralyzed, resulting in a wrist drop
Triceps not affected unless the nerve is injured proximallyin the axilla
MNEMONICS
Memory Aids
Parts of the brachial plexus: |
ReallyThirsty? Drink Cold Beer |
|
Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Branches |
Terminal nerves of plexus: |
MARMU |
|
Musculocutaneous, Axillary, Radial, Median, Ulnar |
Muscles supplied bymedian nerve supplyin |
LOAF |
hand: |
|
|
Lumbricals (lateral), Opponens pollicis, Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis |
|
brevis |
Memory Aids
Branches of brachial plexus medial cord: |
MoneyMakes ManyMen Unhappy |
|
Medial pectoral nerve |
|
Medial branch of median nerve |
|
Medial cutaneous nerve of arm |
|
Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm |
|
Ulnar nerve |
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