The future tenses

Exercise 46.

(a) Form Participle I from the following infinitives. Comment on the spelling changes.

Model. to sip – sipping	We double the final -P because it comes after the short stressed vowel.
to prefer – preferring	We double the final -R in the stressed syllable in the polysyllabic verb if it has no diphthong.
to die – dying	We change the final -IE into -Y.

to dye, to equip, to put, to box, to kidnap, to mimic, to die, to play, to study, to scan, to worship, to tie, to stop, to tiptoe, to like, to panic, to be, to omit, to program, to do.

(b) Form Participle II from the following infinitives. Comment on the spelling changes.

Model. to work – worked	We add the ending -ED according to the general rule.
to beat – beaten	We form Participle II from the infinitive of the irregular verb by adding the ending -EN.
to play – played	We don’t change the final -Y because it comes after the vowel.

to agree, to study, to draw, to begin, to stay, to program, to skip, to picnic, to cast, to be, to rewrite, to post, to hang, to dial, to love, to dip, to prefer, to do, to fit, to row.

Exercise 47.

• The Future Indefinite

(a) Make the following sentences negative and interrogative. Comment on the way of forming.

Model. He’ll write the letter tomorrow.	He will not write the letter tomorrow.
	Will he write the letter tomorrow?
In the negative sentence we place the negative particle NOT after the auxiliary verb WILL.
In the interrogative sentence we place the auxiliary verb WILL before the subject.

1. I’ll be back in five minutes.

2. It will be warm tomorrow.

3. She’ll be on holiday in July.

4. They’ll be good friends.

5. The conference will begin at 11 a.m.

6. I’ll come to see you.

7. Our team will win.

8. We will have four classes a week next year.

9. I’ll answer the door.

10. Mary will be glad to see you.

(b) Put questions to the words in bold type.

1. She’ll meet us at the theatre.

2. The concert will begin at 10 p.m.

3. I’ll answer the phone.

4. My brother will be here in ten minutes.

5. They will settle the problem.

6. I’ll help you with pleasure.

7. He’ll pick them up at the station.

8. Tom will find your car.

9. They won’t believe us unless they see everything with their own eyes.

10. Her poetry will stand the test of time.

(c) Ask all possible questions.

Our teacher will explain the grammar rule to us tomorrow.

• The Future Continuous

(a) Make the following sentences negative and interrogative. Comment on the way of forming.

Model. He’ll be writing the letter at this time tomorrow.	He will not be writing the letter at this time tomorrow.
	Will he be writing the letter at this time tomorrow?
In the negative sentence we place the negative particle NOT after the first part (will) of the auxiliary verb TO BE.
In the interrogative sentence we place the first part (will) of the auxiliary verb TO BE before the subject.

1. Ann will be taking her exam at this time tomorrow.

2. We’ll be playing tennis at 6 tomorrow.

3. This time next week he’ll be lying on the beach.

4. She’ll be reading the magazines tonight.

5. They’ll be having a discussion from 8 till 9.

6. Roger will be painting the walls when we come.

7. We’ll be writing the test at 10 tomorrow.

8. Dr Jefferson will be giving his lecture on Wednesday.

9. I’ll be using this computer from 10 till 11.

10. Rose will be asking the same questions tomorrow.

(b) Put questions to the words in bold type.

1. I’ll be passing your house at this time tomorrow.

2. We’ll be cleaning the house at 9.

3. They will be practising the dialogue on Monday.

4. My parents will be watching this programme on telly tonight.

5. She’ll be using your camera this week.

6. He’ll be going to Ireland next summer.

7. We’ll be having a party at the weekend.

8. Harry will be talking on the phone when she comes.

9. Two years from now he’ll be running a big company.

10. She will be listening to Text 8 at this time tomorrow.

(c) Ask all possible questions.

Our teacher will be explaining the grammar rule to us at 8 o’clock tomorrow.

• The Future Perfect

(a) Make the following sentences negative and interrogative. Comment on the way of forming.

Model. He’ll have written the letter by this time tomorrow.	He will not have written the letter by this time tomorrow.
	Will he have written the letter by this time tomorrow?
In the negative sentence we place the negative particle NOT after the first part (will) of the auxiliary verb TO HAVE.
In the interrogative sentence we place the first part (will) of the auxiliary verb TO HAVE before the subject.

1. Jack will have read the book by the time it’s due back to the library.

2. I’ll have learned the poem by 10 o’clock.

3. She’ll have been ill for a week by next Tuesday.

4. We’ll have left for Cardiff when he comes.

5. Kate will have completed the task by that time.

6. The train will have arrived by the time we get to the station.

7. She will have typed thirty pages when her boss comes.

8. Dorothy will have lived in Portsmouth for five years by next April.

9. He’ll have already passed his exams.

10. You will have been a student for a year by next September.

(b) Put questions to the words in bold type.

1. Nelly will have written her essay by 10 o’clock.

2. The bus will have already left when she gets to the stop.

3. They will have known each other for two years by next August.

4. We will have learned a lot of grammar rules by the end of the semester.

5. My mum will have cleaned the house when I come.

6. Harry will have read her book by that time.

7. She’ll have passed the exam in English by Thursday.

8. He’ll have printed ten pages by 9 o’clock.

9. Maggie will have lived in Cambridge for a year by 17^th May.

10. They will have built the cottage by next October.

(c) Ask all possible questions.

Our teacher will have explained the grammar rule to us by 9 o’clock tomorrow.

• The Future Perfect Continuous

(a) Make the following sentences negative and interrogative. Comment on the way of forming.

Model. He’ll have been writing the letter for an hour by this time tomorrow.	He won’t have been writing the letter for an hour by this time tomorrow.
	Will he have been writing the letter for an hour by this time tomorrow?
In the negative sentence we place the negative particle NOT after the first part (will) of the auxiliary verb TO BE.
In the interrogative sentence we place the first part (will) of the auxiliary verb TO BE before the subject.

1. Hugh will have been running a restaurant in Boston for a year by next June.

2. She’ll have been working for this firm for ten years by that time.

3. Our family will have been living in this house for forty years by next year.

4. He will have been learning German for two years when he’s 19.

5. Paula will have been translating the text for thirty minutes by 10 o’clock.

6. Emily and Dan will have been living in Toronto for three months next May.

7. I’ll have been driving the car for half an hour before I get to the crossroads.

8. We’ll have been discussing this matter for ten minutes when she comes.

9. The teams will have been playing for half an hour by the time we get there.

10. She’ll have been teaching at my school for twenty years when I graduate from university.

(b) Put questions to the words in bold type.

1. Professor Brown will have been explaining his theory for an hour by that time.

2. She’ll have been preparing dinner for half an hour when the guests start to arrive.

3. We’ll have been writing the test for thirty minutes when the bell rings.

4. Tommy will have been running the café for two years when he’s 25.

5. Our dad will have been working at this factory for ten years next month.

6. He’ll have been fixing Hilary’s car for half an hour before she comes.

7. Julia will have been living in Uman for a year by next September.

8. Next month I’ll have been learning English for seven years.

9. She’ll have been writing the essay for an hour by 8 o’clock.

10. You’ll have been learning Grammar for two years next May.

(c) Ask all possible questions.

Our teacher will have been explaining the grammar rules to us for an hour by 9 o’clock tomorrow.

Exercise 47.

Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian and comment on the use of the Future Tenses and the expressions denoting future actions.

Model. He’ll have been writing the letter for an hour by this time tomorrow.

Він писатиме листа вже годину до цього часу завтра.

will have been writing is the form of the Future Perfect Continuous Active which denotes an action which begins before a definite moment in the future, will continue up to that moment and will still be in progress at that moment. The for-phrase denotes the whole period of duration of the action. The adverbial by that time denotes the definite moment in the future.

(a)

1. The event, which is in aid of kidney disease research, will take place in Milford Haven on Sunday.

2. I’ll tell them I’ll be coming along tomorrow.

3. ‘If the boat comes in late, I shall probably stay the night,’ she told Jimmie.

4. Soon it [a new North Sea power plant] will be generating 108 megawatts of power, enough to supply over 100,000 homes with electricity.

5. The Walk will begin at the town hall at 10.30 am.

6. Still I’ll be getting an overseas allowance when we get to India, and might be able to save a bit.

7. ‘When someone comes along and wants to write the story of our carries, he’ll find all the material ready to his hand,’ he said.

8. I’ll say a prayer for her at mass tomorrow morning; will you be coming, Mrs Sparrow?

9. Then I will come and visit you every day.

10. Now, all your luggage will be arriving in that shed, right?

(b)

1. On Sunday, two Pembrokeshire schools’ bands will be performing at the highest level in Manchester.

2. You two are amazing! By the time you get married, you’ll have already planned all your life together.

3. I’ll give you a three years’ contract, I’ll give you eight pounds a week and you’ll have to work like a horse.

4. Susan and her family will be setting out on holiday tomorrow morning.

5. By Steve’s first birthday, John will have graduated.

6. The wedding will take place at St Andrew’s on June 27^th.

7. They’ll have been discussing this matter for an hour when we come.

8. So the same wind that powers Linde’s surfboat will soon be cooking her breakfast as well.

9. We’ll have been living in this refugee camp for six months in August.

10. As 21^st -century entertainment arrives, content will remain crucial.

(c)

1. Brown’s Hotel, in Laugharne, which is believed to be worth around £400,000, is to be auctioned off after landlord of 33 years, Tommy Watts, decided to sell the world famous pub.

2. ‘What are you going to do now?’ she asked quietly.

3. The Waterfront Gallery, Milford Haven, is about to enter its second year and is celebrating with a series of special exhibitions.

4. ‘It is going to make a huge difference to the 400 households on The Mount – whether they are council tenants or private householders,’ he said.

5. The hour long programme will commence at 2 pm.

6. Tomorrow the Animal Support Group is holding a coffee morning from 10 am to noon at the Neyland council offices.

7. ‘Eight pounds a week’s absurd. I couldn’t possibly take that.’ ‘Oh yes, you could. It’s all you’re worth and it’s all you’re going to get.’

8. Being so hot it doesn’t feel like Christmas, Leo says when we get out to sea it will get cooler.

9. Your contract’s up at the end of this season, and if you want to get anywhere you’ve got to make a stab at London soon.

10. The exhibition commences on Friday and runs until Wednesday, April 7^th.

Exercise 48.

(a) Fill in the gaps with the Future Indefinite or the Present Indefinite. Comment on their use.

1. Everything is changing. Nobody knows what … (to happen) even in a year.

2. Will you help me if I … (to make) a mistake?

3. I’ll buy some wine in case Jeffrey … (to come).

4. Tom doesn’t want to tell us when he … (to leave).

5. You won’t go home till you … (to complete) the task.

6. If Mary … (to ask) you about me, tell nothing.

7. I’ll ask Peter if he … (to help) us tomorrow.

8. Unless the weather … (to improve), they will have to cancel the match.

9. No one knows when she … (to make) a decision.

10. Check the battery if the car … (not to start).

(b) Fill in the gaps with the Future Indefinite or the Future Continuous. Comment on their use.

1. The sun … (to rise) at 5.15 tomorrow.

2. Frankly speaking, I’m a bit busy… OK, I … (to come).

3. While you are slicing the sausage, I … (to butter) the bread.

4. You … (to get) some juice after you eat up you porridge.

5. Sorry for disturbing you. you … (to use) your car this weekend?

6. I’m sure she … (to ask) her silly questions again. She always does.

7. Why not go on a picnic? The weather … (to be) fine.

8. They … (to listen to) the text from 11.00 till 11.20.

9. Surely I can pick you up tomorrow. I … (to pass) your house anyway.

10. You can see Professor Davis in Room 415 tomorrow. He … (to give) the lecture at 12.35.

(c) Fill in the gaps with the Future Continuous or the Future Perfect Continuous. Comment on their use.

1. We … (to play) basketball for half an hour when you come.

2. Next October Sheila … (to study) at Oxford University for two years.

3. Simon … (to wait) for you at the post office from 4 till 5 tomorrow.

4. When he’s 40 he … (to work) here for twelve years.

5. Sorry. you … (to use) your player tonight? I’d like to borrow it if you don’t mind.

6. Ted … (to receive) an annual salary of € 50,000.

7. By the time she gets up in the morning, we … (to fly) over the Pacific for two hours.

8. The Prime Minister … (to celebrate) five years in power on 27^th May.

9. I’m sure she … (to answer) better at the next lesson.

10. Ben … (to live) in the US for fifteen years by next February.

(d) Fill in the gaps with the Future Perfect or Future Perfect Continuous. Comment on their use.

1. When she gets back, Gerald … (to paint) the front door.

2. I … (to know) Elisabeth for ten years by next January.

3. Sarah … (to work) on a book about childcare for three years next November.

4. He is so lazy. He … (not to read) even ten pages by next week.

5. By what time you … (to repair) the TV set?

6. Henry … (to drive) the car for two hours before he gets to our place.

7. Sally … (to study) at the university for a year when her younger sister enters it.

8. Next Friday we … (to own) this house for seventeen years.

9. She… (to clean) the house from top to bottom by the time her husband gets home.

10. They … (to walk) for half an hour before they reach the camp.

Exercise 49.

Fill in the gaps with the appropriate tenses or expressions denoting future actions. Comment on their use.

1. Let’s go and see the match tomorrow. I think our team … (to win) this time.

2. It’s quite a long way. They … (to walk) about three miles before they get here.

3. Look out! We … (to crash)!

4. The hearing (to begin) at Cherkasy regional court on February 9.

5. Prof Watson’s group … (to conduct) the experiment from 11.15 till 12.45 tomorrow.

6. The plane … (to land) at 12.30, so we’ll have enough time to get to the railway station.

7. Do you see those clouds? It … (to rain) heavily. Let’s find some shelter.

8. Ladies and gentlemen! Please take your seats. The performance … (to begin).

9. Peter, pack your things, please. You don’t forget that we … (to leave) at 6.30 tomorrow, do you?

10. We … (to translating) the text for half an hour by the time our teacher comes.

Exercise 50.

Translate the following sentences into English using the appropriate tenses or expressions denoting future actions. Comment on their use.

1. Як щодо вечірки завтра? – Завтра? Насправді я буду дуже зайнятий... Добре, я прийду.

2. Судове слухання розпочнеться о 14-й годині 5 грудня.

3. Шкода, що ви від’їжджаєте завтра. Ми збираємося запросити Дороті. А наступного вівторка приїздить Гаррі.

4. Джек підстригатиме газон годину, коли повернеться Ненсі.

5. Я не зможу прийти побачитися з вами завтра. Я зустрічаюся з пацієнтом. – Я розумію. Та я все ж чекатиму на вас з 10-ої до 11-ої в кафе.

6. Що то за шум? – Геть з авто! Воно зараз вибухне!

7. Зараз Маргарет вивчає дві іноземні мови. Коли їй виповниться 18, вона вивчатиме німецьку два роки.

8. Шановні гості, займайте місця, будь-ласка. Концерт починається.

9. У вас буде достатньо часу, щоб прочитати цю книгу? – Так, я прочитаю книгу до того часу, коли її слід повернути до бібліотеки.

10. Європарламент має прийняти новий закон про захист навколишнього середовища.