- •Основы mice туризма
- •Санкт-Петербург
- •Содержание
- •Contents
- •Historical background
- •International organizations
- •The demand side of business travel and tourism
- •The geography of demand
- •Individual cities and business travel and tourism
- •Conclusion
- •The impacts of business travel and tourism
- •The economic impact of business travel and tourism
- •Positive
- •Negative
- •The environmental impacts of business travel and tourism
- •Positive
- •Negative
- •The social impacts of business travel and tourism
- •Positive
- •Negative
- •Impacts and different types of business travel and tourism
- •Impacts on different sectors in business travel and tourism
- •Impacts and different types of destinations
- •Conclusion
- •Discussion points and essay questions
- •Exercise
- •Types of business travel sector activities
- •Types of meetings
- •Meeting styles
- •Meeting frequency options
- •Suppliers
- •Venue selection criteria
- •Chapter 3.2. Conferences: classification, types. Destinations
- •Public Conferences
- •Conferences with Exhibitions
- •Internal Company Meetings
- •Virtual Conferences
- •Chapter 3.3. Exhibitions: classification, types. Destinations
- •Trade fairs in history
- •Contemporary trade fairs
- •Moral incentives
- •Forms of incentives
- •Incentive travel
- •Intermediaries
- •Organisation of incentive programmes
- •Destinations
- •Chapter 5. Intermediaries. Extra services.
- •Business travel professionals
- •Overview of Global Reservation Systems Tomorrow – Today
- •Galileo - Computerised Reservation System
- •Exercise Search the Internet data and prepare presentation about other global e-reservation systens Chapter 7. Recruitment. Education. Certification.
- •Training programs
- •International Association of Professional Congress Organizers (iapco)
- •Mpi has also pioneered the provision of training and personal development materials via the Internet.
- •Chapter 8. The future of mice-tourism: analysis, problems, tendencies
- •Mice tourism in Africa
- •Mice tourism in America
- •Mice tourism in Middle East Region
- •The future of the industry
- •Conference planning guidelines
- •Preamble
- •Congratulations!
- •General
- •Permission
- •Set a Date
- •Organize
- •Reserve Rooms
- •Program
- •Promotions
- •Housing
- •Management Tools
- •Vendor Displays
- •Conference Materials
- •Name Tags
- •Equipment and Support
- •Computers
- •Entertainment
- •Summary
- •Кафедра профессионального иностранного языка
- •Основы mice-туризма
- •Специальность 080502(8) – Экономика и управление на предприятии туризма и гостиничного хозяйства
- •Санкт-Петербург
- •4. Содержание разделов и тем дисциплины
- •Контрольные вопросы
- •1. Introduction to business travel
- •• Discuss the main impacts of business travel, as well as the major opportunities, challenges and threats affecting this industry.
- •2. Individual business travel
- •• Describe responses by individual business travel suppliers and intermediaries to changes in demand and in their operating environments.
- •3. The meetings industry
- •4. Incentive travel
- •5. The exhibitions industry
- •6. Corporate hospitality
- •7. The business and pleasure interface
- •Итоговой тест
- •Introduction to business travel
- •Match the words below with their definitions:
- •Individual business travel
- •The Meeting industry
- •Incentive travel
- •The exhibition industry
- •Corporate hospitality
Contemporary trade fairs
Trade fairs often involve a considerable marketing investment by participating companies. Costs include space rental, design and construction of trade show displays, telecommunications and networking, travel, accommodations, and promotional literature and items to give to attendees. In addition, costs are incurred at the show for services such as electrical, booth cleaning, internet services, and drayage (also known as material handling). Consequently, cities often promote trade shows as a means of economic development.
Exhibitors attending the event are required to use an exhibitor manual or online exhibitor manual to order their required services and complete any necessary paperwork such as health and safety declarations. An increasing number of trade fairs are happening online, and these events are called virtual tradeshows. They are increasing in popularity due to their relatively low cost and because there is no need to travel whether you are attending or exhibiting.
Chapter 3.4. Incentives: classification, types, styles, frequency. Destinations.
On completion of this chapter students should:
- understand the main terms
- recognize main types of incentives
- distinguish buyers and suppliers
- learn special terms
In economics, an incentive is any factor (financial or non-financial) that provides a motive for a particular course of action, or counts as a reason for preferring one choice to the alternatives. Since human beings are purposeful creatures, the study of incentive structures is central to the study of all economic activity (both in terms of individual decision-making and in terms of co-operation and competition within a larger institutional structure). Economic analysis, then, of the differences between societies (and between different organizations within a society) largely amounts to characterizing the differences in incentive structures faced by individuals involved in these collective efforts. Eventually, incentives' aim is providing value for money and contributing to organisational success.
Incentives can be classified according to the different ways in which they motivate agents to take a particular course of action. One common and useful taxonomy divides incentives into three broad classes:
Remunerative incentives
Remunerative incentives (or financial incentives) are said to exist where an agent can expect some form of material reward — especially money — in exchange for acting in a particular way.
Moral incentives
Moral incentives are said to exist where a particular choice is widely regarded as the right thing to do, or as particularly admirable, or where the failure to act in a certain way is condemned as indecent. A person acting on a moral incentive can expect a sense of self-esteem, and approval or even admiration from his community; a person acting against a moral incentive can expect a sense of guilt, and condemnation or even ostracism from the community.
Coercive incentives
Coercive incentives are said to exist where a person can expect that the failure to act in a particular way will result in physical force being used against them (or their loved ones) by others in the community — for example, by inflicting pain in punishment, or by imprisonment, or by confiscating or destroying their possessions.