- •Хакасский государственный университет
- •Part II Texts for Supplementary Reading
- •Предисловие
- •The main parts of the computer
- •Using a mouse
- •Lesson 2
- •Word-building (словообразование) (1)
- •Keyboard
- •Windows program keyboard shortcuts
- •Lesson 3
- •Buses and interfaces
- •Word-building (2)
- •Lesson 4
- •Structure (phrases)
- •A) “hardware”
- •B) “data”
- •Lesson 5
- •What is a microprocessor?
- •Pentium, pentium pro, pentium II and pentium III
- •Lesson 6
- •Word-building (3)
- •Lesson 7
- •General dram concepts
- •Structure ( 2)
- •Lesson 8
- •Storage media
- •Word-building (4)
- •Incompatible, unrecoverable, unavailable, unusable, unsuitable, non-removable, non-contiguous, non-volatile.
- •Structure (3)
- •Lesson 9
- •«Ware» terms
- •Section II. Software lesson 10
- •Structure (4) Ex.2 a) Read the sentences and analyze their structure:
- •Programming language generations
- •Lesson 11
- •Word-building (5)
- •What is object-oriented software?
- •Inheritance
- •Object-oriented languages
- •Lesson 12
- •General operating system concepts
- •Wysiwyg – structure (5)
- •Imperative sentences (commands and instructions) :
- •Starting and quitting windows nt
- •2.Using the desktop
- •Ex.5 Translate into English:
- •Ex.6 Say a few words about:
- •Revision (sructure)
- •Lesson 14
- •Ex.3 Translate into English:
- •Config.Sys commands
- •Ex.6 Agree or disagree:
- •Lesson 15
- •Ex.1 Translate the following technologies into Russian:
- •Ex.2 a) Read and translate into Russian:
- •Ex.5 Read and translate into Russian: operating system overview
- •Operating systems and file systems
- •Lesson 16
- •General database concepts
- •Ex.4 Choose the right synonym to the word ‘query’: a) requirement; b) retrieval; c) request.
- •Section III. Networking lesson 17
- •What is a network?
- •How are networks categorized?
- •How does p2p work?
- •Information transmission media
- •Lesson 18
- •Computing network components
- •Ex.10 Read and translate into Russian:
- •Ex.11 Translate into English:
- •Lesson 19
- •The internet
- •Internet protocols
- •Surfing The Net. By Shirley.
- •Lesson 20
- •Basic security and licensing terms
- •How bytes and bits work
- •System case
- •How pci works
- •Motherboard and system devices
- •Graphics adapter
- •How it works
- •System cache
- •Ethernet
- •Traditional ethernet
- •Fast ethernet
- •Gigabit ethernet
- •How a computer virus works
- •General virus types
- •All maliicous codes aren’t viruses
- •Intel software license agreement (Final, Single User) (abstract)
- •Glossary
- •Defragment
- •Device Driver
- •Formatting
- •Operating system
- •Plug-n-Play
- •Program
- •Vesa Local Bus
- •Virtual Memory
- •It Crossword Puzzle
- •Answer keys
- •It Crossword Puzzle
- •List of acronyms and abbreviations
- •1. Terms used in computer field
- •2. Basic abbreviations used in scientific field
- •3.Irregular verbs
- •Bibliography Основная литература
- •Справочная литература
Ex.3 Translate into English:
расширенный текстовый формат
двоичное (растровое) изображение
исполняемый файл
расширение имени файла
настройка приложения
размерность
Ex.4 Translate the following file types and chose the right variant:
.BAK .OBJ .SYS .SYM .LIB |
Таблица символов для компиляторов Копия файла, создаваемая при перезаписи файла оригинала Скомпилированная объектная программа на машинном языке Библиотека программ Файлы, расширяющие возможности OS, например, драйверы |
Ex.5 Read and translate into Russian:
Config.Sys commands
CONFIG.SYS is a text file containing Disk Operating System command that tells the operating system how the computer is initially set up. CONFIG.SYS commands specify memory device driver and programs that control hardware devices; enable or disable system features; and set limits on system resources. CONFIG.SYS loads at startup before the autoexec.bat (automatic execute.batch program) file. Because CONFIG.SYS is a text file, it is editable in any text-editing program. The following are common commands in a CONFIG.SYS file:
FILES=: This command tells the operating system how many files can be open at a time. By default, the setting is eight but most change it to between 20 and 40.
BUFFERS=: The buffer are 528-byte areas in the RAM used for reading and writing to the hard drive. By default, the setting is 15. If you increase the buffer value ([´vælju:] - значение), reading and writing to the hard drive is faster. If it is too low, reading and writing to the hard drive is slower and may cause ((to) cause [kɔ:z] – вызывать, причинять) problems when the computer needs to execute tasks that require a lot of memory. It is common to set the buffers between 20 or 30.
DEVICE=: This command loads drivers, commonly for the mouse and CD-ROM drive. Usually a command is automatically added to CONFIG.SYS when a device driver is installed.
SHELL=: This command tells DOS where to look for its command interpreter, or COMMAND.COM file, and how much memory to set aside for DOS to use to execute commands.
LASTDRIVE=: This command tells DOS the last drive letter that has been assigned.
Beginning with Windows 95, the commands in CONFIG.SYS are performed by the IO.SYS (input/output system configuration) file instead. Because older hardware devices need the CONFIG.SYS file, a blank CONFIG.SYS is still installed on computers that use Windows 95/98.
Any changes made to the CONFIG.SYS file may cause your operating system to fail when you boot it up. It is recommended not to change or add commands unless you are given explicit instructions about what command to add and how to type it.
Ex.6 Agree or disagree:
CONFIG.SYS is a text file containing Disk Operating System command that tells the operating system how the computer is initially installed.
CONFIG.SYS commands specify memory device driver and programs that control software devices.
CONFIG.SYS commands do not set limits on system resources.
If you increase the buffer value, reading and writing to the hard drive is slower.
DEVICE command boots drivers, commonly for the mouse and CD-ROM drive.
SHELL command tells DOS where to search for its command interpreter.
You can change or add commands without any particular instructions about what command to add and how to type it.