Тема 19. Сочетание модальных глаголов must, may, might с Perfect Infinitive

Examples:

1. He must have got the article he needed. – Он, должно быть, достал статью, которая была ему нужна.

2. These structures may have occurred in the molecules of amino acids. – Эти структуры возможно встречались в молекулах аминокислот.

3. That might have been expected. – Этого можно было ожидать.

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian

A.

1. You might have observed this phenomenon in nature.

2. The scientists might have controlled the movement of the object by radar.

3. The experiment might have given a good result.

4. This phenomenon may have been observed only in the north.

5. The student must have missed the lecture.

6. The students might have completed the laboratory work on time.

7. We may have expected good results.

8. The scientist might have investigated this case to explain it.

9. You must have made a mistake.

10. They must have made an appointment to meet at the scientific conference.

B.

1. The engineer might have overlooked something that may turn out to be important in carrying out this experiment.

2. The student might have made the report on time.

3. All the preparations might have been completed.

4. These phenomena may have been observed earlier.

5. They must have taken certain steps to reduce the weight of the mechanical part.

6. Heat must have been removed from the gas.

7. They must have chosen a new detector.

8. The students must have lowered the voltage.

9. It’s clear that heat must have been removed from the gas

10. The transformers may have been used to increase d.c. voltage.

11. We might have been used silver conductors but they could be much more expensive.

12. The construction of the machine must have been special attention to.

13. New electronic equipment might have been bought to complete the laboratory test of a new computer’s controller to check it’s reliability.

14. The construction of the new plant must have been completed on time.

15. The situation is serious. Something must have been done before it’s too late.

16. Low temperature may have influenced the conductivity of metals.

17. The experiments might have provided very good results.

18. Further investigation may have described the properties of the substance obtained.

19. The state of the substance might have been transformed by the energy transferred.

20. The students might have used a galvanometer to detect and measure small electrical current.

Тема 20. Сочетание модальных глаголов cannot, could not, could, might, should, ought с Perfect Infinitive

Examples:

1. He can’t have made such a mistake. – Не может быть, чтобы он совершил подобную ошибку.

2. The rockets could not have been launched without the development of the modern science. – Ракеты не могли бы быть запущены без развития современной науки.

3. The students could have solved that problem. – Студенты могли бы решить эту задачу.

4. The necessary calculations might have been done. – Необходимые вычисления могли бы быть сделаны.

5. You should have used a computer for your research. – Надо было бы использовать компьютер для ваших исследований.

6. They ought to have paid more attention to this problem. – Им следовало бы уделить больше внимания этой проблеме.

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian

A.

1. You might have spoken to the scientific supervisor to solve this problem.

2. You should have followed the traffic regulations.

3. They must have studied the subject thoroughly, they answered every question.

4. You should have spoken to him on the matter. Why do you keep him in the dark?

5. The students can’t have been so careless.

6. You couldn’t have achieved better results.

7. You ought to have paid more attention to this problem.

8. He couldn’t have escaped through the door because it was locked.

9. She might have left.

10. The car must have run out of petrol.

B.

1. They ought to have changed the fault element in the circuit.

2. He may have got that journal.

3. All the preparations might have been completed.

4. He can’t have been so careless.

5. They could have solved this problem.

6. The report might have been made on time.

7. We should have used that new device.

8. That ought to have been described in detail.

9. You should not have been so careless.

10. The machine couldn’t have been put into operation.

11. The scientists can’t have investigated the data in the shortest time.

12. The scientists can’t have solved the problem of controlled thermonuclear reactions.

13. The research worker couldn’t have realized the programme of scientific research.

14. You can’t have investigated the data in the shortest time.

15. The students should have listened to the professor more carefully.

16. There is actually no reason why the test could not have been performed by that time.

17. Problems that might have taken years to solve nowadays are solved faster.

18. The producer could have made more specific product.They can’t have used the existing cables and relays to introduce a new technology.